中国经济周期的非对称性和相关性研究

本文利用时间序列模型等计量方法 ,对一些主要宏观经济变量序列进行随机分解和相关性分析 ,对经济周期的非对称性和长尾性质进行大量实证检验 ,对一些主要宏观经济变量序列之间的扰动和关联进行了计量分析 ,从中不仅识别了经济波动当中的各种非对称类型 ,而且分析了产生非对称的原因。本文分析得到的一些重要检验结果 ,可以作为描述中国经济波动的重要典型化事实 ,可以用于进一步分析和判断中国经济的运行趋势 ,检验和校正相应的经济理论。本文认为中国经济周期的非对称 ,主要是由固定资产投资、财政政策和货币政策的非对称性造成的 ,而价格水平和总需求等因素却保持了比较明显的稳定性。通过经济周期的非对称分析和经济变量周期成分之间的关联性分析 ,我们也具体地分析了宏观经济政策的有效性、方向性和时滞性     

中国经济周期的非对称性问题研究

经济周期的非对称性对于经济周期的研究具有非常重要的意义.文章利用HP滤波和时间趋势剔除技术对中国主要宏观经济变量的对数序列(季度)进行了长期趋势的剥离,得到了反映中国经济周期性波动的周期成分;区分了关于经济周期的两种类型的非对称:深度型(DEEP)非对称和陡峭型(STEEP)非对称;利用Sichel(1993)提出的对经济周期非对称性的检验方法,对中国的主要宏观经济变量进行了非对称性的检验,结果发现了实际GDP(对数)等经济变量中周期性非对称的证据.实际GDP(对数)序列出现周期性非对称的原因是多方面的,实证研究表明价格在经济周期的不同阶段表现出了非对称性调整,而价格的非对称性调整会导致对社会资源的非对称配置,进而导致经济周期的非对称性.     

我国经济周期波动的非对称性和持续性研究

本文通过对2002-2012年的经济数据的研究,对周期性波动非对称性数据,用多种方法进行分析,然后对我国经济的周期波动可持续性进行分析同时得到结论。     

我国经济周期波动的非对称性和持续性研究

经济的发展存在周期性的特点,同时经济周期波动呈现出非对称性与持续性,本文将对我国经济周期波动的非对称性和持续性展开研究,旨在促进我国经济的稳步发展。     

论经济全球化下的中国经济波动与世界经济周期

经济全球化是世界经济发展的客观过程和必然趋势。而经济的周期性波动,即经济的扩张、收缩,再扩张、再收缩反复循环的过程,是各国经济发展过程中的不可避免的现象。各国经济波动的特性,如波幅、频率和相位等由其固有的经济特性和所受的外部冲击决定。在封闭经济环境下,各国间的经济波动相互不受影响。但在开放经济的条件下,一国以及世界性的经济冲击会借助各种国际经济交往传导到别的国家,使得在各国的经济波动生成中,除了其国内因素外,国际经济冲击因素也起了重要作用。     

我国经济周期波动的非对称性和持续性研究

本文利用1979年至2004年之间中国GDP季度数据,采用三区制马尔可夫均值和方差转移的二阶自回归(MSMV(3)-AR(2))模型和贝叶斯Gibbs抽样非参数估计方法,对我国经济周期波动的非对称性和持续性进行了实证分析。实证结果表明,MSMV(3)-AR(2)模型对我国经济状况提供了很好的拟合,显著支持增长率序列具有三区制状态:低速增长阶段,适速增长阶段和高速增长阶段。我国经济周期的非对称性主要体现在各个增长阶段的均值、方差、阶段性之间的转移概率的不同。我国经济周期的持续性主要体现在各个增长阶段的自维持概率和阶段性之间的转移概率的不同。此外,我国经济"适速增长阶段"的稳定性最高,"高速增长阶段"的平均持续期最长。     

中国实际GDP序列的非对称性度量和统计检验

通过引进表示经济衰退的解释变量,我们检验了中国实际季度GDP序列当中存在的非对称性,说明这些非对称性主要是由模型的非线性结构形成的。实际GDP序列当中的非对称性表明随机扰动在经济周期的不同阶段具有不同的持续性和波动性,因此顺周期与反周期的经济政策具有不同的作用效果。     

世界经济周期的非对称性研究——基于Markov机制转换模型

经济周期具有非线性的特点,传统的线性模型很难解决经济周期中结构突变导致的参数变性题。为此,本文将Markov机制转换的状态空间模型应用到世界经济周期的非对称研究之中。实证结果表明,Markov机制转换的状态空间模型较好的刻画了世界实际经济增长周期性变化的过程,从中得出以下论:金融危机等虚拟经济因素对世界经济周期的影响加大,使得世界经济周期的非对称性越来越明显。正向的宏观调控政策冲击机制可以使世界经济增长1.0253%,这对于世界经济进入扩张阶段起着极其重要的作用。     

我国产业结构变动对经济周期波动影响的实证分析

在厘清产业结构变动对我国经济增长波动的作用的基础上,深入探讨产业结构变动对经济周期波动的影响,主要从实证角度分两个层面展开的,一方面考察了产业结构变动对经济周期波动的协同性影响,另一方面探讨了产业结构变动对经济周期波动的非对称性影响,最后得出几点重要的结论。     

世界经济周期发展与中国应对策略

随着经济全球化、区域一体化和金融贸易自由化的深入发展,各国经济越来越紧密地交织在一起,中国经济不可避免地受到他国和世界经济周期波动的冲击。本文在分析世界经济周期的趋势与现状的基础上研究中国与世界经济的互动,从正反两个方面辩证地探讨世界经济周期对中国的影响,最后为中国应对世界经济周期提供政策建议,以促进我国经济平稳较快可持续发展。     

China and the global business revolution

As China joins the World Trade Organisation, the author questionswhether China's large firms will be able to compete on the globallevel playing field. Over the past two decades, Chinese largeenterprises have undertaken extensive evolutionary change (comparableto that of other latecomer countries such as Korea, Taiwan andSingapore) but, at the same time, the world's leading firmshave undergone a revolutionary transformation. Based on analysisderived from case studies made in the course of the China BigBusiness Programme at the Judge Institute of Management Studies,Cambridge, the author concludes that China's large firms havenot caught up with the world's leading businesses.     

开放经济条件下的中国经济周期波动特征

我国经济增长的稳定性和持续性较好,与发达工业化国家经济动态的联系相对较为紧密,体现在这些国家的实体经济和金融波动对我国经济具有明显的外溢效应,其中金融波动的冲击较为显著。我国经济动态主要取决于自身内部因素,呈现出较明显的独立性和特异性,世界经济波动对我国经济动态尤其是对消费增长动态的影响较小,而发达工业化国家经济波动对我国投资增长动态的影响相对较大。     

Do long-term interest rates drive GDP and inflation in small open economies? Evidence from Poland

This article investigates the impact of long-term interest rates on macroeconomic variables in a small open economy. It shows that the time-varying term premium stabilizes GDP without affecting significantly inflation volatility in Poland – a typical open economy with flexible exchange rate. This conclusion is drawn from an estimated dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model in which segmented asset markets and imperfect asset substitutability give rise to the time-varying term premium in the long-term interest rate. Furthermore, the impulse response analysis of the model reveals that the term premium stabilizes GDP when the small economy is hit by shocks that are absent in closed economy models (country risk premium and export preference) which points to the different impact of the term premium on relatively close (large) and open (small) economies.     

Oil prices and economic downturns: the case of Spain

We address the macroeconomic effects of an oil price shock in Spain. We apply a vector autoregression model (VAR) analysis to quarterly data for the Spanish economy since 1986, to elucidate the effects of variations in the oil price on the economy, considering the three main causes of disruptions in the oil markets: oil supply shocks, oil demand shocks and oil-specific (precautionary) demand shocks. We conclude that the effects in Spain strongly depend on the type of shock: the consumer price index (CPI) has mainly been influenced by oil demand shocks; output has only reacted to oil supply shocks; and monetary policy has mainly reacted after precautionary shocks. Second-round effects caused by the behaviour of nominal wages have not been found. Additionally, we discuss two facts: the ability of firms to increase markups in a context of rising demand and the procyclical role of monetary policy when faced with oil demand shocks.     

从国际经济周期理论到世界经济周期理论

来自经济体系外部的冲击,通过国际经济纽带在各国之间传导,并在市场机制作用下引起世界各国经济的大致同步波动,从而生成一轮世界经济周期,这种机制可以概括为\"外部冲击—部门传导—国际传导\"。     

Dating the ‘world business cycle’

By mid-2008 the world was witnessing the unfolding of a relatively rare macroeconomic phenomenon, namely, the onset of what one might call a synchronized international – or ‘world’ – recession. But what exactly is a ‘synchronized world recession’? This article proposes a practical definition of a ‘synchronized world recession’ and a putative set of historical post-WWII dates for a ‘world business cycle chronology’. Further, using a constructed ‘world coincident index of economic indicators’ and an associated ‘world leading index of economic indicators’, this article demonstrates that evidence was available from early in the second half of 2007 that the world was indeed sliding inexorably towards its fourth synchronized world recession since WWII (although, interestingly, already its second of the twenty-first century!).     

Sign and phase asymmetry: News, economic activity and the stock market

In this paper, we present a general model of the joint data generating process underlying economic activity and stock market returns allowing for complex nonlinear feedbacks and interdependencies between the conditional means and conditional volatilities of the variables. We propose statistics that capture the long and short run responses of the system to the arrival of news, conditioning on the sign and time of arrival of the news. The model is applied to US data. We find that there are significant differences between the short and long run responses of economic activity and stock returns to the arrival of news. Moreover, for certain classifications of news, the respective responses of economic activity and stock returns vary according to the nature of the news and the phase of the business cycle at which the news arrives.     

新古典宏观经济学的经济周期理论述评

二十世纪七十年代初,凯恩斯主义经济学在受到经济实践批判的同时,新古典宏观经济学也指出了其理论的缺陷,并以此为基础构建其宏观经济学的微观基础,即经济主体的理性原则、理性预期、市场出清,建立了货币经济周期理论和实际经济周期理论,否定政府政策的有效性,反对政府干预,力图完成其对凯恩斯主义经济学全面彻底的批判。