跨国公司海外子公司的能力演化过程研究——以跟随韩国现代汽车来华的韩国零部件供应商为例

本文在动态能力观点的基础上,构建了新的能力演化过程的分析框架——成本一市场能力框架,利用它分析了跟随韩国现代汽车来华的4个韩国零部件供应商的子公司的采购、生产、销售和研发能力的演化过程,并对其进行了比较。在此基础上,从能力演化的角度,我们总结了这些韩国零部件供应商的子公司在中国的三种演化类型:市场追逐型、出口导向型、依附客户型。     

我国产业发展相对困境与对策分析——以制造业和生产性服务业为例

我国粗放型的经济增长方式,迫切需要通过转型升级来提升竞争力。通过国际比较可知,我国经济自改革开放以来发展较快．但近年来存在较为明显的相对困境。文章从制造业与生产性服务业两方面分析了我国的产业发展现状,指出了我国经济和产业在发展中存在的难题．进而从挖掘政策红利、改变发展方式、加快制造业转型、提速服务业升级、促进产业融合等方面提出了破除我国产业发展困境的措施安排。     

我国新能源汽车产业破坏性创新的政策支持研究

提高新能源汽车产业创新水平、将新能源汽车产业置于国民经济战略性新兴产业的地位予以支持已成为世界大国博弈的重要命题.文章将破坏性创新理论用于指导我国的新能源汽车产业政策,在公共科技政策分析的基本政策工具框架下,采用内容分析法分析了2009年至今我国新能源汽车产业创新的政策支持体系;对特斯拉汽车成功进行破坏性创新的案例及对我国的启示作了实证研究,进而提出我国新能源汽车产业破坏性创新的政策建议.     

中、美、日制造业发展比较研究

与美、日比较,中国制造业无论是产品。人均占有水平还是技术发展、技术装备制造、经济效益、整体实力都存在着根本差距。通过中、美、日制造业发展的比较研究,对借鉴先行国家制造业的发展经验,加快实现中国工业化具有重要意义。     

对北京市振兴和发展汽车工业的思考

汽车工业在当前我国经济成长和新型工业化过程中发挥着极为重要的作用。作为中国加入WTO之后的第一个汽车合资项目，北京现代汽车的设立是我国汽车产业放松管制和开放竞争的结果，是北京市政府振兴和发展以汽车工业为龙头的现代制造业的重要举措。文章总结了北京市发展汽车工业的经验和教训，对北京现代项目产生的背景、发展轿车项目的必要性和可行性、北京现代汽车今后面临的挑战等进行了分析，并据此提出了相关政策建议。     

The U.S. Motion Pictures Industry: An Empirical Approach

We hypothesize that the U.S. motion pictures industry is structured so that star presence increases box office receipts and (less so) admissions, but places Ricardian limits on the output of blockbusters. The few dominant studios (majors) rely on a modified star system to generate supra-normal box office by stimulating admissions at exhibitors. Rising costs (from stars and their promotion) are required for rising revenues; that is, the majors gain revenue only at higher costs. Although the industry has unique features, the empirical results are surprisingly relevant to other industries.     

Inter-firm Collaboration and Learning: The Case of the Japanese Automobile Industry

This paper investigates the effect of intra-firm Research and Development expenditure and inter-firm collaboration on firm performance. It is proposed that R&D expenditures enable a company to improve knowledge and assimilate the exchange of information within non-routine collaboration activities. The hypotheses are tested by an empirical study on inter-firm technical collaboration in Japanese Automobile firms during the years 1975–1995, using the method of first-order auto-regression on a panel data set. The findings indicate that R&D expenditure increases performance, but do not allow clear conclusions on the effects of collaborations.     

Supplier relations and management: A survey of Japanese,Japanese-transplant,and U.S. auto plants

This article presents the results of a questionnaire survey sent to a sample of automobile manufacturers in the United States and Japan (including Japanese-managed plants in the United States) during the spring of 1990. The data support observations that Japanese and U.S. practices tend to differ in key areas and Japanese suppliers perform better in dimensions such as quality (defects) and prices (meeting targets, reducing prices over time); and that Japanese-managed auto plants established in the United States have, in general, adopted Japanese practices and receive extremely high levels of quality from Japanese as well as U.S. suppliers. These findings provide evidence that Japanese practices and performance levels are transferable outside Japan and suggest that considerable improvements are possible for U.S. suppliers supplying U.S. auto plants. In addition, the survey indicates that U.S. firms have adopted at least some practices traditionally associated with Japanese firms, apparently reflecting some convergence toward Japanese practices and higher performance levels in supplier management.     

Does corporate social responsibility influence the corporate performance of the U.S. telecommunications industry?

This study uses a two-stage approach to explore the relationship between the operational performance of U.S. telecommunications companies and their implementation of corporate social responsibility (CSR). In the first stage, this study adopts the dynamic data envelopment analysis model to measure the efficiency of the telecommunications industry in the U.S. from 2004 to 2008. The empirical results show that the corporate efficiency of those companies that implemented CSR was higher than that of those companies that did not. In the second stage, the study adopts OLS and 2SLS to explore the influence of the execution level of CSR on performance. The results show that the Kinder, Lyndenberg, and Domini & Co (KLD) social ratings indexes are significantly and positively related to corporate performance. Finally, this study suggests ways in which corporate policy makers can enhance CSR in order to improve corporate performance in the U.S. telecommunications industry.     

Forecasting Market Size and Market Growth Rates for New Products

How many times is a forecast of a technological development correct? According to many experienced managers, it almost never is. Then what good is a forecast? A forecast helps make important innovation decisions, according to Brian C. Twiss. He argues that precision in forecasting a technological development is seldom needed for purposes of long-term planning and that any innovation so marginal that small errors in forecasting will make a big difference should not be considered anyway. Twiss suggests that technology forecasting can be of real value once it is accepted that it is essentially concerned with modeling human behavior. This is the unexpected viewpoint that Twiss presents in this article. He explains how to develop and how to use a technology forecast in long-range planning.     

信息产业与制造业的融合——基于绩效分析的研究

基于产业融合的理论,本文首先对包括中国在内的主要国家制造业各行业与信息产业的融合度进行了比较分析,同时利用面板数据回归的方法分析了信息产业与制造业的融合对制造业产业绩效的影响。研究结果表明:中国信息产业与制造业的融合度低于大多数发达国家;制造业的产业绩效与该产业融合度呈明显的正相关,产业融合成为提高制造业绩效新的切入点;市场结构水平、所有权结构与产业融合对制造业绩效共同起推动作用;市场开放度虽然对制造业绩效也有着明显的促进作用,但并没有和产业融合表现出很好的协同性。本文据此得到了若干推进信息化与工业化融合,走中国特色新型工业化道路的启示。     

CEPA对香港制造业的影响

CEPA是中国大陆与香港在WTO和“一国两制”的原则和框架下做出的制度安排,对香港的经济发展和结构转型具有重要意义和深远影响。本文在分析香港制造业面临的问题基础之上着眼于分析CEPA对香港制造业的影响。CEPA的签定将会为重振香港制造业提供契机,为其产业结构转型提供有利的条件。     

中国制造业产业集聚的实证研究

文章利用集中度、基尼系数、赫芬达尔指数(N指数)等指标,对中国20个二位数制造业门类的集聚性进行了实证研究,并对其中5个门类进行了细化研究,得出结论:中国部分制造业已显现出较强的集中性,且主要集中在东部沿海省市,但一些规模经济和范围经济性强、在国外具有显著集聚特征的行业的集聚性还比较低。     

高新技术产业技术溢出困境、动因和效应研究

高新技术产业技术溢出是装备制造业产业结构调整和升级不可忽视的重要源泉。本文从高新技术产业技术溢出的途径,装备制造业技术吸收的效应两个角度分析装备制造业吸收技术溢出的动因和存在的问题,最后对促进装备制造业吸收技术溢出提出若干建议。     

北京市发展现代制造业的经济分析

北京市发展现代制造业,必须打破传统所有制观念的限制,即国有经济成分的多少代表一定的社会属性的观念,让行业的技术特点和生产组织形式决定行业的各种经济份额比例,使各种所有制资本在现代制造业的发展中各尽所能,发挥其最大作用;并且北京市的一般机械制造业生产技术传统,组织形式落后,只有用现代的光电技术进行改造,才能提升行业的层次,而信息行业和汽车制造业则需通过非国家资本提升行业的生产技术和集中度,至于医药行业则需通过国家资本开发新产品和提高行业集中度,这样才能提高这些行业的经济效益。     

基于DEA方法的河北省高端装备制造业投入产出效率分析

运用DEA方法对河北省2007年和2009年高端装备制造业及37个小类的投入产出效率进行技术有效性和规模有效性实证测度,并根据测度结果把37个小类划分为不同类型,指出各种类型行业的投入产出效率的特点。结果表明:各行业的投入产出技术有效性与规模有效性有关;各行业小类应结合实际情况,采取有效措施,提高其投入产出效率。     

中国制造业并购目标的财务特征及预测

并购目标的选择关系到并购事件的成败,制造业是中国经济的重要组成部分,也是并购发生最频繁的行业,识别制造业目标公司的财务特征并对其进行预测具有很大的理论及现实意义。以2013年中国A股市场制造业并购目标为研究对象,选取代表企业各方面能力的20个财务变量,通过单因素方差分析将其与股本规模类似的制造业非目标公司和非制造业并购目标进行比较,实证分析结果表明制造业目标公司具有负债水平高、收益水平低、每股获利能力强、现金短缺、股权集中度低等特点。另外,制造业目标公司和非制造业目标公司在财务特征上不存在显著差异。采用多重共线性诊断并构建Logit回归模型以预测制造业并购目标,模型总体准确率为70.4%,表明对制造业并购目标进行预测在很大程度上是可行的。