基于关键技术合理规划地方新能源电动汽车产业发展

发展新能源电动汽车是解决能源和环境问题,实现汽车产业快速发展的有效途径,通过对电动汽车发展现状和关键技术的分析,明确了以纯电动汽车和混合动力汽车为主要发展目标,以电动机及其控制技术和动力电池及其管理技术为核心技术。结合河北省汽车产业发展现状,提出了多元化发展模式,建立基于关键技术的产业基地,实行高速电动汽车和低速电动汽车的差异化发展格局和优先有序发展低速电动汽车的产业发展规划,推进新能源汽车快速发展。     

日本纺织产业转型研究：基于政府的视角

日本政府针时纺织产业衰退采取了短期和长期相互结合的政策。政策的实施维护了日本社会秩序和政治局面的稳定，实现了产业结构合理化和高级化，而且在规模缩减的情况下，纺织产业重新焕发出活力。日本政府促进纺织产业转型的成功经验给予我国重要启示。     

Market structure,capacity expansion,and pricing: A model applied to the Japanese iron and steel industry

The main objective of this paper is to study empirically the simultaneous and recursive relations between short-run pricing, capacity decision, and fluctuations in the elements of market structure. For this purpose, a time-series industry model was constructed and applied to the Japanese iron and steel industry for 1957–1975. The statistical results imply that over time industry market structure — especially seller concentration — might change endogenously in the system. The model also indicated that seller concentration as an element of market structure was a significant determinant of short-run domestic and export prices and also had a significant effect on the capacity decisions. These findings support the proposition that market structure affects market conduct at any moment in time while it is some degree shaped by past market conduct or behavior and structure.     

Partial Ownership Arrangements and Collusion in the Automobile Industry

This paper develops a conjectural variation model that allows for partial ownership arrangements and foreign trade. This model is applied to the Japanese and US automobile industries. Although collusion is found to occur in the Japanese automobile industry, it is found to be more competitive than the US automobile industry. The effect imports have on firms' price–cost margins in both countries is also found to be different.     

Shippers' transportation choice processes under deregulation

Deregulation of the motor carrier industry affords an opportunity to better understand industrial choice processes during a period of significant environmental uncertainty. Partial validation of a decision process model and the managerial implications of that model are presented.     

高新技术产业技术溢出困境、动因和效应研究

高新技术产业技术溢出是装备制造业产业结构调整和升级不可忽视的重要源泉。本文从高新技术产业技术溢出的途径,装备制造业技术吸收的效应两个角度分析装备制造业吸收技术溢出的动因和存在的问题,最后对促进装备制造业吸收技术溢出提出若干建议。     

丝路带西北段区域金融供给与绿色产业发展匹配问题研究

近年来由于环境问题带来的压力，绿色产业的发展越来越受到政府和人民大众的重视。绿色产业在发展的过程中面临各种资金问题，需要金融增加供给并改善供给结构来支持绿色产业的发展。本文探讨了金融供给与绿色产业发展的理论渊源，并选取丝路带西北段区域为研究样本，首先用基尼系数匹配法测算各指标的基尼系数值从而找出该区域金融供给与绿色产业发展匹配中存在的问题，接着运用熵权TOPSI匹配法计算二者匹配度与理想解之间的贴近度，最后得出陕西贴近度最高，金融供给与绿色产业发展匹配度最好的结论，并根据实证结果提出了相应的对策建议。     

Exploiting globalization potential: U.S. and japanese strategies

This paper develops a model of global strategy that includes the constructs of industry globalization potential, the use of global strategy, the role of organization and management and the performance consequences of using global strategy. Propositions are developed as to why American and Japanese MNCs might differ in their perceptions of industry globalization potential, in their desired global strategy response, in their organizationally-derived ability to implement global strategy and in their resulting performance. The model and arguments are examined in extensive interviews with senior executives at 36 worldwide businesses belonging to some of the largest American and Japanese MNCs. Data are analyzed using a partial least squares causal model. The results show that the Japanese firms have more globalized stategies than do the Americans, and that this factor affects their performance favorably.     

中美日电动汽车发展趋势及特点分析

世界范围内,电动汽车产业正处于快速成长期。中国、美国、日本通过政策机制、技术研发、市场培育等一系列措施推动,在全球电动汽车产业格局中占据了重要位置。在深入分析美国、日本电动汽车发展特点和经验的基础上,对我国电动汽车发展的比较优势进行了阐述,进而分析了在经济全球化环境中,相对美国、日本,我国在发挥产业比较优势时应关注的重点问题。     

石家庄市2020年秋冬季首轮灰霾污染过程分析

为了探究石家庄市秋冬季重污染天气成因,采用石家庄市大气复合污染及灰霾监测超级站监测数据,结合地面空气站实况监测数据及气象资料,对2020年10月8日—11日石家庄市入秋后首轮灰霾污染过程进行分析,并探析污染物的组成及灰霾成因.结果表明:1)在此次污染过程期间,地面湿度较大且处于高压后部的辐合区,污染物形成堆积;2)根据...     

Innovation and Product Development Strategies in the Italian Motorcycle Industry

The motorcycle industry in Italy offers fertile ground for anyone interested in developing a better understanding of the role innovation plays in enhancing a firm's competitive position. This industry includes both domestic and Japanese firms, with companies ranging from high-volume manufacturers to specialty or niche producers. Firms trying to gain a competitive edge in this crowded field must contend with not only advances in product and process technology, but also the whims of fashion. In a survey of top-level marketing and product development managers from eight leading firms in the Italian motorcycle industry, Moreno Muffatto and Roberto Panizzolo explore the innovation models these firms employ to enhance their competitive position. Their study has the following objectives: categorizing the various competitors in terms of their product and market strategies and their product development and innovation strategies; highlighting differences between the methods of Italian and Japanese firms competing in this market; analyzing the relationships between firms, as well as the roles suppliers play in the various innovation strategies; and identifying the various organizational models employed by the firms in this industry. Different product and market strategies are identified on the basis of three variables: total production volume, the number of different products offered, and the number of different engine capacities offered. Using these variables, the companies in the study are categorized as volume producers, specialists, or niche specialists. The firms are further differentiated on the basis of the relative emphasis each places on product technology and design, product innovation, product variety, and time-based competition. In the firms studied, partnerships play a key role in new product development. Nearly every firm participates in joint projects, most often involving development of either an entire vehicle or an engine. Other partnerships involve firms in countries that offer emerging markets for the motorcycle industry. Organizational structures and strategies employed by the volume producers in this study include: the large product leader, who oversees concept definition and product planning; the project leaders group, which coordinates all phases of development, including activities assigned to external groups; the project managers matrix, a matrix organizational structure with a strong product orientation; and the business unit program manager, who oversees all projects within an independent business unit.     

Japanese telecommunications policy: New direction and old dilemmas

Recent shifts in telecommunicatiions policy have led to a dramatic restructuring of the Japanese telecommunications industry. A variety of new participants have entered the domestic communications market, and existing vendors have reoriented themselves. These shifts have not occured without trauma. Policy and jurisdictional debates and tension remain; traditional policies and structures conflict with new directions. Japan's experience in adapting new goals, policies and structures in the telecommunications sector warrants careful examination by public and private industry participants.     

我国氯碱工业的现状和发展

介绍了我国氯碱工业的现状、存在的问题以及主要耗氯化工产品的开发应用情况。目前我国氯碱工业的产品结构由以碱为主转向以氯为主。因此，就如何合理开发生产氯衍生产品，搞好氯碱平衡进行了探讨。     

Assessing the impact of cost optimization based on infrastructure modelling on CO2 emissions

Traditionally, logistics design is driven by a need to reduce costs and improve customer service. Recently, the environmental concerns from transport have been increasingly discussed. The traffic levels and associated energy consumption are influenced by supply chain structure, modal split and vehicle utilization. This paper aims to assess the impact of the traditional cost optimization approach to strategic modelling on overall logistics costs and CO₂ emissions by taking into account the supply chain structure (number of depots) and different freight vehicle utilization ratios (90%, 75% and 60%). The simulation model, based on a European case study from the automotive industry, considers strategic and operational level decisions simultaneously. The analysis shows that the optimum design based on costs does not necessary equate to an optimum solution for CO₂ emissions, therefore there is a need to address economical and environmental objectives explicitly as part of the logistics design.     

钻井施工企业节能降耗途径与对策

在石油钻井施工企业中．耗能上升趋势日益严重．能源消耗带来的成本压力越来越大从多侧面分析了石油钻井施工企业节能工作存在的问题．并对钻井企业如何开展节能降耗，挖潜增效，降低成本提出了有益的见解。     

轨道交通信息化产业链分析

从轨道交通体系结构入手,结合轨道交通信息化产业结构,提出了通信系统产业链、信号产业链、车辆信息化产业链、电力监控产业链、环控与防灾报警产业链、自动售检票产业链、运营管理系统产业链和轨道交通信息化新兴产业链等八大产业链,并对每个产业链进行了深入系统的分析。     

推进我国纺织服装行业物流的探讨

发展纺织服装行业物流对于增加企业利润、提升竞争力,具有积极的意义。本文通过分析当前我国纺织服装行业物流的现状和存在的问题,提出加快发展纺织服装行业物流的对策和建议。     

合作创新网络结构特征对企业创新绩效的影响研究——以新能源汽车产业为例

本文在合作创新和社会网络理论基础上,以创新网络的结构特征为视角,将节点度、中介中心度和结构洞作为3个维度,提出了创新网络的结构特征对企业经济、社会和生态绩效影响的假设,并对新能源汽车企业的168份调查问卷结果运用多元回归分析进行验证。结果显示：合作创新网络的节点度对企业经济和社会创新绩效有一定的正向促进作用;中介中心度对企业经济创新绩效有正向影响;结构洞对企业经济和生态创新绩效有正向促进作用。实证结果对企业、中介机构和政府在发展新能源产业方面都有一定的启发意义。     

The Determinants of Pharmaceutical R&D Expenditures: Evidence from Japan

During the past 20 years, the world pharmaceutical industry has experienced a dramatic increase in R&D intensity. We apply and extend a model developed by Grabowski and Vernon (2000, Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 10, 201–215) with a pooled data sample of the 15 publicly listed Japanese drug firms for the period 1987–1998. As in the original study, we find expected returns to be an important determinant of R&D spending in the Japanese drug industry, albeit considerably smaller than in the U.S., which is particularly obvious in the case of returns from newly introduced drugs. However, our results are sensitive to econometric model specification, in particular to controlling for serial correlation and to a dynamic specification of the baseline model. Likewise, estimates on financial constraints are sensitive to model specification, indicating that Japanese drug firms face small or no financial constraints. Our results are consistent with the general literature on R&D investment behaviour, yet raise some methodological questions with regard to the original study.     

Insights into the contestability and sustainability of the U.S. petroleum refining industry

Contestable market theory has been advanced in recent years by several authors, the most thorough treatment being the book by Baumol, Panzar, and Willig (1982) (BPW). Although several applications of the theory have appeared in the literature, few (if any) follow the step-by-step procedure set forth in Chapter 16 of BPW. This paper represents one of the first attempts to follow the general procedure in investigating the contestability and sustainability of an industry. The long-run cost structure of petroleum refining is first estimated using a translog multiproduct cost function and company refining data from the Financial Reporting System maintained by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA). The estimated cost function is then used to approximate the optimal (cost-minimizing) industry structure for petroleum refining. Given that the existing structure is significantly different than the optimal structure, the principles of contestable market theory are used in evaluating the contestability and sustainability of the industry in light of adjustments in industry structure and the performance of various classes of refining companies between 1981 and 1987.