Cartelizing effects of horizontal shareholding interlocks

Some models of industries with horizontal shareholding interlocks are generalized. First, we consider industries where firms exhibit different technologies and more general market demand functions. The cartelizing effects of financial interlocks are examined using both the Lerner index and the Herfindahl–Hirshman index. Furthermore, the model is extended to consider multiproduct oligopolies. We find a compact expression for the Lerner index and study the cartelizing effects of such an industry. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Information Acquisition and Strategic Disclosure in Oligopoly

I study the incentives of oligopolists to acquire and disclose information on a common demand intercept. Because firms may fail to acquire information even when they invest in information acquisition, firms can credibly conceal unfavorable news while disclosing favorable news. Firms may earn higher expected profits under such a selective disclosure regime than under the regimes where firms commit to share all or no information. In particular, this holds under both Cournot and Bertrand competition, if the firms have sufficiently flat information acquisition cost functions. For steeper cost functions Cournot duopolists prefer strategic disclosure, if their goods are sufficiently differentiated.     

国有股权、公司绩效与投资者保护:一个文献综述

股权性质是股权结构的主要维度之一,由于中国股票市场的特殊性,股权性质的研究在中国就具体化为对国有股权优劣的争论。实际上,国有股权在转型经济中的作用一直以来都是存在广泛争议的问题,关于国有股权对公司治理与公司业绩的影响不仅在理论上存在诸多分歧,在经验研究上也没有形成统一的结论。原因在于既有的文献主要关注了国有股权对于公司会计绩效的影响,而忽视了从投资者保护的视角更加全面地考察国有股权在转轨国家股票市场发展中的作用。     

Board interlocks,absorptive capacity,and environmental performance

Coupling resource dependence theory with absorptive capacity concepts, we analyze the role absorptive capacity plays as a potential facilitator between board interlocks and environmental performance. Board interlocks act as avenues for knowledge and information that exist outside the organization to become resources to improve environmental performance. However, an organization also needs the ability to utilize knowledge to implement activities that lead to better environmental performance. Our results show that firms with a diversity of interlocks (greater number of board interlocks, interlocks in the same and different industries, and interlocks with top performers) achieve better environmental performance. Furthermore, we find that absorptive capacity, as measured by research and development (R&D) intensity, moderates the relationship between board interlocks and environmental performance.     

Board interlocks and greenhouse gas emissions

Using resource dependence theory, we analyze board interlocks, their industry origin, and their relationship to firms' greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Interlocks create connections by having board members from one firm sit on other firms' boards, providing an avenue for sharing information and resources to aid in knowledge transfer and capability development. As firms face challenges for improved GHG emissions performance, they may look to their board members' connections to other firms to acquire needed resources. Using a sample of US Standard & Poor's (S&P) 1500 firms for years 2009 to 2018, we find that firms with a greater number of board interlocks achieve lower GHG emissions intensity. We also find that boards for the best performing companies have interlocks in the same industry, in other industries, and with firms leading in GHG emissions intensity, especially for firms in higher environmentally impacting industries, as they face greater emissions challenges.     

我国证券投资基金重仓持股变动对股票价格波动性影响的实证研究

文章采用了2006年第一季度到2008年第四季度国内证券投资基金公布的季度数据,运用动态面板数据模型对我国证券投资基金重仓持股变动与股票价格波动性之间的关系进行了实证研究。结果表明,在牛市中证券投资基金重仓持股比例的变化与股价波动性成正向关系,加剧了股价的波动;在熊市中证券投资基金持股比例变化与股票价格波动性成反向关系,起到了稳定证券市场的作用。     

On the convergence to the Cournot equilibrium in a productive asset oligopoly

We derive a feedback equilibrium of a dynamic Cournot game where production requires exploitation of a renewable asset. As in the classical Cournot model, quantity-setting firms compete in the same market for a given homogeneous good. We show that, when the asset stock grows sufficiently fast, the unique globally asymptotically stable steady state of the dynamic Cournot game corresponds to the static Cournot solution. Initial differences between firms’ production rates due to asymmetric allocations of asset stocks tend to disappear over time. When instead the asset stock grows slowly, the system does not converge to any stationary point. We also show that, within the class of linear feedback equilibrium strategies, besides the couple of strategies that stabilizes the states for every possible initial conditions, there exists another couple which is more efficient, in that it leads to higher stationary equilibrium profits for both firms, closer to the collusive outcome. Finally, we show that, as the discount rate approaches zero, there exist multiple linear feedback equilibrium strategies that induce a price trajectory that converges asymptotically to a price which is above the static Cournot equilibrium price.     

Foreign investors and stock price efficiency: Thresholds,underlying channels and investor heterogeneity

This paper examines the relationship between foreign shareholding and stock price efficiency for Malaysian public listed firms over the 2002–2009 sample period. We use stock price delay as an inverse measure of price efficiency, and consider the speed of adjustment to local and global common factor information. The results show that foreign investors accelerate the incorporation of both types of common information into the prices of Malaysian stocks, mainly due to their superior skills in processing systematic market-wide factors. However, we find evidence of optimality in foreign shareholding, suggesting that the efficiency benefit disappears after foreign ownership exceeds a certain threshold level. Further analyses shed lights on the channels and moderating variables driving this non-monotonic relationship. Our disaggregate analysis on foreign investor heterogeneity shows that foreign investors who trade through nominee accounts are elite processors of public market-wide and firm-specific news in the Malaysian stock market.     

证券投资基金持股与管理者过度投资行为的相关性研究

基于沪深A股上市公司2008年-2010年的研究数据,分析了证券投资基金持股对企业过度投资的影响。研究发现,证券投资基金持股比例与管理者过度投资显著负相关,证券投资基金能有效抑制管理者的过度投资行为;进一步研究发现,证券投资基金持股比例越高,上市公司派发现金股利水平越高,并且证券投资基金持股在一定程度上能够抑制上市公司恶意派现的现象。     

Cournot vs. Walras: A reappraisal through simulations

Best-reply behavior in Cournot oligopolies generally leads to Cournot-Nash equilibrium, but imitative behavior selects the Walrasian equilibrium as the unique stochastically stable state. Previous work (Alós-Ferrer, 2004) showed that in the presence of memory, imitative behavior leads to a non-trivial dynamics selecting all quantities between the Cournot and Walrasian outcomes. However, the scope of previous results was limited to specific assumptions on demand and cost functions, and did not provide information on the shape of the distribution of outcomes. We use computational simulations to address these limitations. We show that the selection result for non-trivial memory holds beyond the set of well-behaved Cournot games previously analyzed. Further, we find that, in Cournot games, the limit distribution of long-run outcomes is highly skewed towards the Walrasian quantity. Although longer memory increases the importance of the Cournot equilibrium, the competitive outcome remains the dominant prediction.     

Information transmission between large shareholders and stock volatility

Does information transmission between large shareholders exacerbate stock volatility or reduce stock volatility? In this study, based on the common shareholding data in the Chinese stock market from 2007 to 2017, we establish the shareholder’s coshareholding network, and use the weighted network clustering coefficient to measure the information transmission speed. Moreover, we investigate the impact of information transmission speed on stock volatility. The empirical results show that a nonlinear U-shaped relationship exists between information transmission speed and stock volatility. The findings are robust to the inclusion of other determinants of stock volatility identified in the literature. Finally, we verify the existence of private information interaction in the coshareholding network.     

股权结构对并购绩效的影响——基于中国上市公司实证分析

本文在理论分析基础上,以沪深两市40家上市公司2002年到2008年年报数据为样本,首先利用因子分析法对财务比率指标体系综合打分以衡量并购绩效,然后使用多元线性回归法实证检验了股权结构与并购绩效二者间关系。研究发现:中国上市公司并购前后绩效总体而言是先降后升的;国有股东属性与公司并购绩效负相关;管理层持股与公司并购绩效负相关,但并不显著;上市公司的股权集中度与并购绩效负相关;流通股比例与并购绩效正相关。最后针对本文研究结果提出一些建议。     

对我国股份制公司交叉持股的探讨

文章指出,上市公司交叉持股带来的股权投资增值,意味着这些交叉持股公司面临价值重估机遇,尤其是一些持有大量流通股的公司,由于变现能力强,也易于在公司业绩中得到体现。据新会计准则,上市公司交叉持股的股权将由成本法统计改成权益法统计,这将极大增加上市公司的价值,这些股权将出现在"交易性金融资产"、"可供出售金融资产"、"持有至到期投资"3个新的会计科目中。     

How do stock price indices absorb the COVID-19 pandemic shocks?

To assess the resiliency of stock price indices during the COVID-19 crisis, this study provides a distinctive perspective; that is, we evaluate the ability of stock price indices to absorb COVID-19 shocks. We construct the measures of absorptive intensity and duration to identify a stock price’s absorptive capacity. We then employ the Granger causality test and a topology network approach to investigate the interactions of absorptivity among stock price indices. Our results show that stock price absorptivity varies over time and across countries and industries. The US and the Brazil stock indices have relatively high absorptive intensity while short duration. The health care industry shows distinctive trend in absorptive intensity from the other industries. The intensity of the non-cyclical industries such as utilities and consumer staples is high, while the cyclical industries such as banking, real estate, and energy have lower absorptive intensity. Moreover, the utilities, consumer staples, and financials industries are the main resiliency transmitters.     

我国上市公司管理层股权激励与绩效关系的实证研究

运用委托——代理理论分析了股权激励对公司绩效的作用机理,提出了股权激励对公司绩效显著正相关的假设,并以我国上市公司为样本,用多元回归模型进行实证分析。实证结果表明,管理层持股比例与上市公司综合绩效之间存在一定的正向相关关系,但其对上市公司经营绩效的影响比较微弱。     

基于DEA模型的我国商业银行效率的实证研究

以我国9家已上市的股份制商业银行为研究对象,基于各银行2006年的统计数据,运用数据包络分析方法,研究他们的投入产出效率值。并用该模型的测算结果与已有文献中2002年的银行效率排名作对比。经研究表明,股份制商业银行的效率已经有了很大改观,股份制改革对国有商业银行经营效率有一定的推动作用;政府也利用内部调整以及放松管制等手段,给予国有商业银行很大帮助。本研究的重要意义在于,为迅速有效得提高我国商业银行的经营效率,达到国际一流的银行业水平提供借鉴和参考。     

Network formation with sequential demands

This paper introduces a non-cooperative game-theoretic model of sequential network formation, in which players propose links and demand payoffs. Payoff division is therefore endogenous. We show that if the value of networks satisfies size monotonicity, then each and every equilibrium network is efficient. The result holds not only when players make absolute participation demands, but also when they are allowed to make link-specific demands.     

董事联结能抑制薪酬粘性吗?——管理层权力的中介效应研究

作为一种信息传导路径与资源共享平台,董事联结能为高管权力监督、薪酬粘性治理发挥重要功效。基于社会网络理论与弱联结优势理论,考察董事联结对高管薪酬粘性的影响机理,并探究管理层权力在其中的作用路径。研究发现,董事网络中心度越高,高管薪酬粘性越弱;管理层权力在二者关系中存在部分中介效应,约束管理层权力是网络位置降低薪酬粘性的一条有效路径。进一步区分联结强度后发现,内部董事强联结通过扩大管理层权力加剧高管薪酬粘性,外部董事弱联结通过约束管理层权力抑制高管薪酬粘性,且弱联结优势下管理层权力的中介效应比例最大。以高管任期作为管理层权力的工具变量缓解潜在的内生性影响,基准回归结论比较稳健。     

产品市场竞争与现金价值:掠夺理论还是代理理论

本文利用2000～2009年沪深两市上市公司的非平衡面板数据来考察产品市场竞争与现金价值之间的关系。检验结果表明,比行业竞争对手持有更多现金的企业具有较高的价值,垄断程度较高的行业企业所持现金的价值更高。基于倾向得分理论的检验结果表明垄断性行业子样本的现金价值显著高于竞争性行业子样本。进一步的检验结果表明成长性、市场化程度和现金持有量的区间效应因素并不影响文章的研究结论。这些实证结果都支持了掠夺理论的分析。     

如何让思想政治工作贯穿当前的国家燃油税改革

我国近年来进行的燃油税改革,实质上是经济发展战略重大转移的重要组成部分,决定了我国社会主义现代化建设未来的发展方向。尽管这项改革触及了相关行业的近期利益,但如果不进行改革,这些行业只能走进历史的死胡同。文章认为,任何一项改革都不是一蹴而就的,必须做好人们的思想政治工作,改革才能顺利进行,从而保证中华民族伟大复兴事业朝着正确的轨道不断前进。