新疆煤炭资源开发央地企利益分配关系研究

新疆蕴含着丰富的煤炭等矿产资源,但是目前的生态环境不断恶化,造成了"资源诅咒"现象,为解决这一问题就需要改变现行的相关主体间的利益分配模式。本文首先梳理了新疆利益分配现状和问题以及利益冲突的原因,进而引用shapley值法构建煤炭资源开采的三大利益相关者中央政府、地方政府和煤炭开采企业利益分配模型,并计算出每个利益主体的利益分配系数,同时引入生态补偿因子对模型进行修正,得出符合新疆实际的利益分配系数,有效解决产权冲突、税费分配不合理和生态补偿机制不健全等相关问题。     

西部地区矿产资源产权与利益分割机制研究

西部地区作为我国矿产资源富集但经济发展相对滞后的区域，其地方经济和财政收入的增长很大程度上依赖于矿产资源开发的带动和中央与地方合理利益分配关系的确立。然而资源优势向经济优势乃至财政优势转换受到体制因素的制约，西部资源富集区政府和居民并未充分享有资源开发的经济成果，“繁荣”中的贫穷成为当地一大特征。本文从我国矿产资源产权配置视角出发，剖析了西部资源开发利用过程中政府、矿业企业与居民之间利益分配存在的问题及其根源，提出应推动我国矿产资源产权及财政分配制度改革，以期构建合理的资源开发利益分割机制，促进西部资源富集区经济社会的可持续发展。     

我国公共旅游资源利益分配机制研究

近年来我国旅游事业蓬勃发展,随着旅游资源的开发进入成熟阶段,各利益方矛盾也逐渐显现出来.公共旅游资源具有公益性质,但在一些地方,政府和开发商片面注重经济利益,弱化公众利益,导致利益分配失衡引发矛盾.在公共旅游资源开发管理的背景下,从各方利益相关者诉求、权责主体分离、环境保护系统等视角,探索公平合理利益分配机制的构建.     

西部矿产资源开发利益矛盾研究综述与展望

矿产资源开发利益矛盾是西部社会经济发展各种矛盾的集中表现。已有研究认为,西部矿产资源开发利益矛盾主要表现为中央政府与地方政府利益矛盾、政府与矿业企业的矛盾、地方政府与中央企业矛盾以及政府、企业与资源地居民的矛盾;矛盾形成源于利益主体之间诉求能力差异及利益主体诉求能力差异的制度背景;解决这些矛盾需建立合理明晰的矿权制度、完善资源税费制度、建设利益主体广泛参与的组织机制、建立矿区居民利益分享机制。然而上述研究仍然存在不足之处,未来研究应致力于探索符合西部区情的矿权制度安排、科学合理地进行利益计量和分成比例测算以及提供实践性和可操作性较强的利益矛盾解决方案。     

中央政府与地方政府在油煤气开发中的利益冲突问题研究——以陕甘宁蒙毗邻地区为例

在油煤气资源开发中,中央政府与地方政府利益分配问题已成为不可回避的现实。本文研究了利益双方的冲突表现,提出了利益均衡分配的途径。     

我国矿产资源税费制度的问题及对策分析

随着社会主义市场经济体制的逐步完善,市场经济体制改革的日益深入以及与世界经济的不断融合,我国矿产资源税费制度开始与经济发展不相适应,表现出在调整利益分配、实现资源开发与环境保护、资源利用与经济可持续发展等方面的不足。鉴于此,本文探讨了完善我国矿产资源税费制度改革的建议。     

矿产资源地区间利益分配机制探讨

有鉴于地方政府呼吁对矿产资源的收益进行合理分配的呼声,在对矿产资源富集地区"资源诅咒"现象进行分析后,本文认为资源利益分配机制可以综合可持续发展理论、外部性理论、资源耗竭理论及矿山级差地租理论,政府部门可以通过矿产资源价值核算、矿产资源有偿使用及财政补偿等方式实现矿产资源利益的合理分配,促进地区的均衡发展。     

西部矿产资源开发外部性实证分析

运用西部矿产资源富集地区实地调查问卷与深度访谈数据,分析西部矿产资源开发外部性问题。研究发现,西部矿产资源开发正外部性与负外部性并存,正外部性主要表现为带动资源地经济与社会发展,负外部性表现为对资源地生态环境的破坏。而通过明晰矿产资源产权、强化资源企业社会责任履行、唤醒民众环保意识、统筹利益相关者利益,可促进西部矿产资源开发外部性内部化,实现西部矿产资源合理开发和资源地科学发展。     

旅游地利益相关者的具体表现及其相互关系研究

旅游产业的快速发展为繁荣地方经济的同时,也给当地带来不少新的问题和挑战,除了旅游资源的开发与保护的现实矛盾,旅游开发中的"人及其关系"的多种问题和利益冲突随即产生.文章试图找出民族地区旅游地利益诉求差异的具体表现及其相互关系,发现引发相关利益者主体间问题冲突的结构性原因,构建利益相关者利益均衡模型,为建立旅游产业发展中的各利益相关者主体之间利益协调机制的后续研究提供条件,从而能为旅游地区旅游产业的发展实践提供直观的经验借鉴.     

浅谈企业参与PPP项目融资利益分配的方法

随着我国金融行业的不断发展,政府对企业投资的逐渐开放,PPP模式日益成为大型项目融资的模式,但如何进行项目涉及到的相关利益的分配也成为了项目顺利开展的主要问题。本文围绕参与PPP融资项目的核心利益相关者——政府、企业,列出相关因素,并考虑风险的调整、资源投入及风险分摊等要素,建立利益分配模型,列出模型的详细求解过程,得出了企业参与PPP项目中的利益均等分配法。     

纳米技术在聚烯烃中的研究进展

综述了聚烯烃纳米复合材料的优点、使用价值和近年来国内外聚烯烃纳米复合材料的研究进展，并介绍了无机粒子／聚烯烃复合材料和粘土／聚烯烃复合材料，重点阐述了粘土与聚乙烯、聚丙烯纳米复合材料的制备方法及粘土／聚烯烃纳米复合材料插层热力学分析，对目前聚烯烃纳米复合材料存在问题及发展前景进行了探讨。     

Developments in Consumer Protection in India

This paper surveys the major developments in the field of consumer protection in India since 1984, when the statutory provisions for regulating unfair trade practices were incorporated for the first time.Among the developments described in the paper is the strengthening of provisions for consumer protection through amendments to the Act regulating restrictive and monopolistic trade practices (the MTRP Act). Public-sector undertakings and co-operative societies have been brought within the purview of the Act, and consumers have obtained the right to participate in inquiry proceedings before the MRTP Commission.Consumers and their associations have been given the right to seek redress of grievances arising out of the violation of certain pieces of legislation, including the Drugs and Cosmetics Act. The Consumer Protection Act, 1986, was enacted in order to provide speedy and inexpensive redress of consumers' grievances. Redress can now be sought before any consumer court also for negligence or deficiency in medical services.The Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986, has strengthened the measures for the standardisation and quality control of manufactured goods.A Consumer Welfare Fund has been set up to provide financial assistance to voluntary consumer organisations and for the general development of consumer movement in the country. A spurt in voluntary consumer organisations in different parts of the country can also be observed.Other developments include the establishment of a separate Department of Consumer Affairs in the Union Government and the setting up of a Consumer Product Testing Laboratory.     

关于我国资产证券化若干问题的探讨

资产证券化是一项复杂的金融工具创新,引进和实施这种新型的融资工具需要大量的配套工作。我国实施资产证券化需要解决特设机构的设立、基础资产的选择、破产隔离、信用增级、会计处理、税收政策以及立法和监管等方面的问题。     

Healthy Investments in Investing in Health

This article discusses socially responsible investing (SRI) and tobacco. SRI allows investors, both institutional and individual, to express their concerns and make their social and ethical stands known to the companies they invest in and patronize. The tobacco industry is active in every country on the globe and generates huge profits, while tobacco use is responsible for 4 million deaths every year.The authors explore past and current views on investment in tobacco, partly based on a survey conducted by the Tobacco Free Initiative of the World Health Organization (WHO). There is clearly a trend toward divestment from tobacco for both ethical and financial reasons. Tobacco-free investments can be both ethically sound and financially profitable.     

Economic Keywords in 2007 in China

RMB exchange rate The exchange rate of Renminbi,the Chinese currency, witnessed an appreciation of around six percent to one U.S. dollar this year. On December 13, the central parity rate stood at RMB 7.3568 against one dollar,according to the Chinese Foreign Exchange Trading System, breaking the 7.36 mark.     

Conflict in Supplier–Retailer Relationships in the Brewery Industry in Cameroon

The authors develop a theoretical framework to explain conflict in supplier–retailer relationships. In addition to traditional influence strategy variables, the framework links conflict to retailer dependence and supplier formalization. The framework is empirically tested in the Cameroonian brewery industry. The findings support the view that channel conflict is inversely related to retailer dependence and supplier formalization. Contrary to expectations, the use of noncoercive influence strategies (information exchange and recommendations) has no significant effect on conflict, while, as expected, the use of coercive influence strategies (threats and promises) increases conflict.     

粤北山区砖园仓储粮机械通风应用研究

在砖园仓机械通风应用试验中,正确运用理论计算,精确得出通风技术数据,依此设计通风系统,结果表明：在实仓运行中,检测的主要技术参数和设计值基本相符,经136h通风,粮温从38℃降至13℃,吨粮降温耗电0.011℃,降温好、电耗低,证明设计方法正确,符合南方稻谷产区,解决了基层普遍存在的砖园仓机械通风盲目设计问题,为规范设计作出了示范,验证了粮层压力正确计算方法。     

Injuries in different socio-economic groups in Finland

Introduction. Suicides are a hidden and unrecognized epidemic in the Indian region, affecting predominantly younger age groups. Information on causative risk factors and mechanisms is not available in the country, which is crucial for designing intervention programmes.

Objectives. To identify and quantify risk factors for completed suicides in the city of Bangalore.

Methods. A case–control study was conducted with the families of 269 completed suicides and 269 living controls within the broader population of the city using psychological autopsy methods.

Results. The study has shown that several factors in the areas of family, marriage, education, occupation, general health, mental health and absence of protective factors contribute significantly for suicides. The cumulative and repetitive interaction of several factors in a complex manner results in suicides. The significant factors were presence of previous suicidal attempt in self (odds ratio (OR) = 42.62), interpersonal conflicts and marital disharmony with spouse (OR = 27.98), alcoholism in self (OR = 23.38), presence of a mental illness (OR = 11.07), sudden economic bankruptcy (OR = 7.1), domestic violence (OR = 6.82) and unemployment (OR = 6.15). Individuals completing suicides did not have a positive outlook towards life, problem-solving approaches and coping skills.

Conclusion. The observed findings are at variance with suicidal causation in the West in some areas operating in a different sociocultural and economic environment. The intervention strategies should include prioritized macro and micro level efforts aimed at individual, family and society.