共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
通过1985年~2010年资源密集型产品出口额(SITC0-4)、劳动密集型产品出口额(SITC6、SITC8)和资本技术密集型产品出口额(SITC5、SITC7)与人民币实际有效汇率指数及非市场因素出口退税额的协整分析,认为出口额的汇率弹性由大到小依次为劳动密集型产品、资本技术密集型产品、资源密集型产品,因而人民币实际有效汇率升值有利于优化我国出口商品结构,至少是工业制成品出口结构.同时,从出口退税额前的相关系数来看,中国应转变出口退税的政策倾向,加大对资本技术密集型产品出口的支持力度. 相似文献
2.
This paper investigates the predictive properties of import and export prices of commodities on the exchange rates. A period from 1993 to 2016 is considered. We find that forecasts of the exchange rate adding commodity export and import prices are superior to those neglecting these variables. This holds irrespective of whether the countries are net exporters or importers of commodities. However, the forecasting power was even better in the 1990s and seems to have decreased since that that time. Nevertheless, forecasts can even today be improved considerably by adding commodity prices. 相似文献
3.
4.
Alberto Fuertes 《The World Economy》2019,42(5):1373-1399
This paper analyses the relationship between the US net external position and the exchange rate regime. I find a structural break in the US net external position at the end of the Bretton Woods system of fixed exchange rates that changed both the mean and variance of the series. On average, the US changed from a creditor to a debtor position and the variance of the external position increased during the floating period. This increase is to a large extent due to the valuation component of external adjustment that accounts for 54% of the variance of the US external position during the floating period but only 29% during the fixed exchange rate period. Further analysis shows that the exchange rate regime mainly affects the valuation channel of external adjustment. There is also evidence of another structural break in the US external position around the time of the introduction of the euro. Finally, I document asset pricing implications from the relationship between the exchange rate regime and the external adjustment process, as external imbalances predict the foreign exchange once the exchange rate regime is taken into account. 相似文献
5.
基于总出口分解方法,利用增加值数据对传统的实际有效汇率(REER)测算模型进行了修正。测度了中国制造业整体和分行业增加值实际有效汇率,并在此基础上考察了增加值实际有效汇率对中国制造业全球价值链地位的影响。结果表明,传统实际有效汇率高估了人民币汇率变动的幅度,且分行业制造业增加值实际有效汇率的变动趋势存在明显的异质性。增加值实际有效汇率上升会对中国制造业整体在全球价值链上的地位产生不利影响,这一点在资本密集型行业表现得尤为明显,但对劳动密集型行业和技术密集型行业全球价值链地位提升具有一定促进作用。增加值实际有效汇率通过对外贸易对制造业全球价值链地位产生影响,这一影响对制造业整体、劳动密集型制造业和资本密集型制造业较为显著,但对技术密集型制造业影响较小。 相似文献
6.
Bernardina Algieri 《The journal of international trade & economic development》2013,22(7):1013-1037
This article examines the main determinants of the Russian real effective exchange rate (REX) movements over the transition period started in the early 1990s. To understand the forces that drive exchange rate dynamics, five strands of the empirical literature have been combined ina time series dimension. The results suggest a positive long-run cointegration relationship between the REX, oil price, productivity and government financial position and a negative relation with international reserves. Managing international reserves and fiscal policies have therefore, the effect of mitigating the impact of oil/terms of trade and productivity shocks on the REX. 相似文献
7.
Andrew Ojede Eddery Lam Nicholas Okot 《The journal of international trade & economic development》2019,28(4):429-451
This paper employs minimum Lagrange Multiplier (LM) unit root tests for endogenous structural breaks combined with ARCH and GARCH models to investigate how key macrovariables impact diaspora remittances. Since remittances can reverse-cause exchange rate movements and domestic income, we use changes in the world price of oil denominated in U.S. dollars to proxy movements in the Uganda shilling nominal effective exchange rate. To control for endogenous bias between remittances and income, we use rainfall shocks as proxies for income shocks in a non-oil-producing developing economy dominated by agricultural sector and its related activities. In addition, large movements in oil price and rainfall shocks typically cause large supply shocks that can significantly impact size of remittance inflows. We control for interest rate differential, political business cycles and seasonality. Results indicate that accounting for structural change in intercepts (levels) and slopes (trends) of key macroeconomic determinants of remittances around their major structural break points significantly increases their explanatory power. In particular, positive (negative) innovations in income and depreciation (appreciation) in the currency of a recipient developing country are negatively (positively) correlated with remittance inflows. These results are robust across different model specifications. 相似文献
8.
《The World Economy》2018,41(9):2552-2576
The link between exchange rate and trade has been studied for a long time, but there is no consensus about their relation. This paper tests the old argument, whether depreciation of real effective exchange rates (REERs) raises exports. We differentiate the test with earlier studies by employing a new measurement of REER and incorporating the effect of GVCs. We measured REER at industry level with value‐added trade weights. We analysed the topic with LSDV and system GMM for China, Japan and Korea since these counties are known to participate actively in GVCs. Our main finding is that exchange rate has significant impact on trade for three countries. However, the movement of elasticity of export to REER varies by country. While the elasticity in China decreased over time, Korea and Japan experienced increasing patterns between mid‐1990s and mid‐2000s and decreasing trends afterwards. This study also tests whether the level of incorporation in GVCs causes a change in elasticity. The results show that growing participation in GVCs lowers the elasticity of export to REER in absolute value. However, this result is only statistically significant in Korea. 相似文献
9.
本文首次利用498个4位代码的细分行业数据研究汇率调整对中国制造业就业的影响。在扩展汇率调整对就业市场影响理论分析框架的基础上,本文探讨了人民币实际汇率调整从要素密集度对中国城市制造业就业市场的传导渠道及其影响因素;并通过1998~2007年工业企业数据以及海关贸易数据构建人民币在行业层面的实际有效汇率指数,发现人民币实际汇率调整会对中国城市行业就业市场产生显著且重要的影响。研究表明:初级产品和劳动资本密集型行业的实际汇率调整对就业影响估计的显著性明显高于技术密集型行业,3类行业的就业弹性分别为0.423、0.327、0.309;相对私营行业而言,外商投资行业的净就业水平对于实际汇率调整更为敏感。 相似文献
10.
Over the past two decades, Latin American currencies have faced not only pressure to devalue but also periods of uncomfortable appreciation. Domestic macroeconomic factors, as well as global events and contagion, might bear part of the responsibility. This study constructs a monthly index of exchange market pressure (EMP) for four Latin American countries before using vector autoregressive methods to test the influence of commodity prices, macroeconomic variables, and external factors on each country's index. While inflation is an important determinant of EMP, we conclude that Chile and Peru are more likely than Mexico and Brazil to face pressure when commodity prices fall. This supports the idea that these two countries have “commodity currencies” and that their exchange markets are most vulnerable to international contagion. 相似文献
11.
随着人民币汇率浮动幅度的扩大,汇率变动对国内物价水平的影响程度日益引起人们的关注。在对国内外相关文献进行回顾的基础上,本文旨在从实证的角度考察分析人民币汇率变动对国内进口品价格、企业商品价格和消费者价格的传导效果,并通过稳定性检验考察人民币汇率形成机制改革对我国汇率传导效果的影响,这些结论可结合我国的具体国情予以合理解释。 相似文献
12.
本文采用2005年7月~2008年3月数据,实证分析了人民币升值与山东省农产品出口贸易的关系,得出人民币实际有效汇率的变动对山东省农产品出口有一定影响的结论,并提出相关政策建议. 相似文献
13.
14.
Ebenezer Bugri Anarfo Joshua Yindenaba Abor Kofi Achampong Osei Agyapomaa Gyeke-Dako 《Journal Of African Business》2013,14(4):549-572
ABSTRACTThis article investigates the dynamic and bi-causal link between monetary policy and financial inclusion in sub-Saharan Africa using a panel VAR framework. The researcher obtained data from World Development Indicators (WDI) spanning from 1990 to 2014 for 48 sub-Saharan African economies. The findings suggest that a bi-causal relationship exists between monetary policy and financial inclusion. Specifically, it is evident that monetary policy affects financial inclusion, and financial inclusion is also influenced by monetary policy. The policy implication of this study is that the effectiveness of monetary policy depends on financial inclusion. Hence, the efforts of governments in sub-Saharan African countries should aim at policies that enhance financial inclusion for effective implementation of monetary policy. Also, promoting financial inclusion will require governments in sub-Saharan Africa to reduce their monetary policy rates. 相似文献
15.
This article explains the differences in growth rates between the cohesion countries of the EU: Ireland, Spain, Portugal and Greece. Employing a decomposition growth approach, it is found that the main driver of growth differences lies in productivity. The remarkably higher Irish growth rates in the 1990s are sourced to greater productivity growth resulting from higher investment in human capital and technology. The export-led growth approach reasonably predicts the growth rates and the prediction is more precise when differences in productivity growth are controlled for. Higher economic growth is explained by the higher income elasticity of exports relative to imports. 相似文献
16.
基于VAR模型的人民币有效汇率就业效应 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于向量自回归模型,对人民币实际有效汇率的就业效应进行实证分析,结果表明就业量和人民币实际有效汇率之间存在长期均衡关系,长期而言人民币实际有效汇率上升1%就业量将下降0.1821%。因此,人民币实际有效汇率的波动率对就业量仅存在微弱的负面影响。 相似文献
17.
中国存在B-S难题吗? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目前中国依赖投资和出口驱动的经济发展模式已经引发诸多弊端和不良效应,在开放条件下,汇率变动对消费影响越来越大,居民消费变动的传递也会影响实际汇率,对中国的经验证据发现,实际汇率升值会抑制当前消费,随着消费增长率的增加,汇率被低估的概率减少,验证了B-S难题(消费—实际汇率悖论)在中国成立。 相似文献
18.
人民币实际有效汇率与中国工业制成品对外贸易平衡的长期关系分析 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
以双边名义汇率为基础 ,对 1978~ 1999年期间人民币的名义和实际有效汇率指数进行测算 ,利用协整技术分析中国工业制成品对贸易平衡指标与我国实际国内生产总值、国外实际收入及人民币实际有效汇率之间存在长期稳定的均衡关系 ,实际的人民币贬值改善了我国工业制成品对外贸易平衡状况。 相似文献
19.
Peterson Owusu Junior George Tweneboah Anokye M. Adam 《Journal Of African Business》2013,14(3):407-430
ABSTRACTWe have employed the three-dimensional continuous Morlet wavelet transform methodology to explore the co-movement amongst the returns of four major currencies in Ghana (dollar, euro, pound, and yen) for the period May 1999 to February 2018. The analysis reveals that the dynamics of the interdependence of the currencies is time-varying and heterogeneous. Our empirical findings demonstrate that the currencies are closely linked or interconnected. The lead–lag relationships between the returns of the exchange rates established that volatilities in the euro and yen significantly affect movements in the other currencies in daily and weekly exchange rate returns. The presence of lead–lag effects and stronger co-movements at short-run fluctuations may induce arbitrage and diversification opportunities to investors, albeit with limited space. The differences in the co-movements of returns and the evidence of contagion among the foreign exchange markets provide reliable incentive to the monetary authorities for unflinching strides to halt the speeding exchange rates. 相似文献
20.
利用商品期货价格对中国通货膨胀进行了实证分析和预测。研究发现,大宗商品期货价格对PPI和CPI的变动具有显著影响。回测结果表明,模型对PPI和CPI的短期预测能力相对良好,对中长期预测的误差虽有增大,但预测走势与实际走势大体一致。在此基础上对下一步通胀走势进行分析后发现:2022年PPI将呈现逐步回落趋势;短期内CPI有小幅上升的可能,未来一年内将回落至较低水平震荡。由于期货价格无法预测到中长期产业政策变动,因此预测模型无法捕捉到个别月份的大幅波动,但在趋势判断上仍有一定参考价值。 相似文献