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1.
Subrata Ghatak Monica Ioana Pop Silaghi 《The journal of international trade & economic development》2013,22(1):61-78
The recent enlargement of the European Union (EU) has enhanced interest in the causes and also the consequences of migration between Central and Eastern European (CEE) and Western European countries. This paper considers the possibility that some of these consequences make themselves felt in the trade flows between migrants' countries of origin and destination. Using a panel of data covering a number of CEE countries between 1996 and 2003, we employ an augmented gravity model to examine the effects of immigration from these transition countries on their bilateral trade flows with the UK. We pay attention to a number of issues that have been raised within the literature on gravity models. We find evidence that migration positively enhances the bilateral exports of the migrants' home country; however, there is less (but some) evidence that the imports from their destination country are also enhanced. 相似文献
2.
Christopher Robertson K. M. Gilley William F. Crittenden 《Journal of Business Ethics》2008,78(4):623-634
As multinational firms explore new and promising national markets two of the most crucial elements in the strategic decision
regarding market-entry are the level of corruption and existing trade barriers. One form of corruption that is crucially important
to firms is the theft of intellectual property. In particular, software piracy has become a hotly debated topic due to the
deep costs and vast levels of piracy around the world. The purpose of this paper is to assess how laissez-faire trade policies
and corruption affect national software piracy rates. Using invisible hand theory, as well as literature from the fields of
international strategy and ethics, formal research hypotheses are posited and tested. Results suggest that corruption mediates
the relationship between economic freedom and software piracy. Implications for multinational managers and researchers are
also addressed.
Christopher J. Robertson (B.S. University of Rhode Island; M.B.A. and Ph.D., Florida State University) is an Associate Professor
in the International Business and Strategy Group at Northeastern University. He has taught in Virginia, Florida, Spain, Peru
and Ecuador and is a two time Fulbright Scholar. Professor Robertson’s Primary research stream is cross-cultural management
with a focus on ethics and strategy. His work has been published in journals such as the Journal of World Business, Strategic
Management Journal, Journal of Business Ethics, Management International Review, Organizational Dynamics and Business Horizons.
K Matthew Gilley (B.A and M.B.A University of North Texas; Ph.D., University of Texas at Arlington) is the Bill Greehey Endowed
Chair in Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility in the Greehey School of Business at St. Mary’s University. His
primary research explores issues of executive compensation, governance, international ethics, and outsourcing. His work has
appeared in the Strategic Management Journal, the Academy of Management Journal, the Journal of Management, the Journal International
Business Studies, and other outlets.
William F. Crittenden, Senior Associate Dean, Dean of Faculty and Professor, General Management Group. A consultant and advisor
to various private, public, and nonprofit organizations, Professor Crittenden has worked with such U.S based organizations
as Boston Beer Company, BAE Systems, EG&G, Intronics, Lotus Software, Wal-Mart Stores, Boston Management Consortium, Head
Start, Jefferson Hospital, Nazareth, the new England Association of Quality Clubs, and The Professional Council, and with
Funducion CANE in Buenos Aires, Argentina, and Banco Nacional de Comercio Exterior of Monterrey, Mexico. He is a member of
numerous professional organizations including the Strategic Management Society, the Academy of Management, and the Academy
of Marketing Sciences. He is a former Chair of the Public & Nonprofit Division of the Academy of Management. Professor Crittenden
holds a BA from the University of Michigan, an MBA from Aubum University, and a PhD from the University of Arkansas. 相似文献
3.
杨莉芸 《四川商业高等专科学校学报》2014,(3):119-122
迁徙自由权是个人自由权内涵之一。由于我国特殊的国情,公民的迁徙自由经历了从肯定到否定再到一定程度的默认过程,随之的迁徙自由权在新中国的变迁也经历了从肯定到逐渐丧失最后到国家制度未松动但事实上部分存在的三个时期。在这一变迁中,户籍制度起了关键作用,直接影响着新时期我国农民工的自由迁徙和流动。迁徙要是自由的,户籍制度改革就不能仅仅是政绩的,而必须是落实人权的。 相似文献
4.
袁宏禹 《湖北商业高等专科学校学报》2011,(1):125-128,F0003
先秦时期就已经兴起了原始民主思想与言论自由思潮,稷下学宫就是一个自由论辩的场所,引发了百家争鸣的高潮。《管子》一书正是在这种原始民主思想、自由主义背景影响下逐渐形成的,是百家争鸣的投影。《管子》提倡言论传播的自由,要求君主要善于听取民众的意见,君臣之间、群臣之间也要做到言论传播的畅通。但是《管子》对舆论传播的控制是很严厉的,采用法制的手段实行禁止、诛罚等,客观上要求言论要"名实相符",在某种程度上还反对著书立说。《管子》一方面提倡言论传播自由,另一方面又对舆论传播进行控制,这正是民主与法制这对矛盾范畴具有一定张力和弹性的体现。这对我们仍具有借鉴价值和现实意义。 相似文献
5.
深入剖析一国政治文化的内部结构及其相互关系,对于了解该国政治体系的运作具有重要意义。转型期中国政治文化在精英和大众层面都存在着社会主义意识形态、传统政治文化、民主政治文化三种类型的交织与分化。当代中国政治文化应以发展和权利、民主、法治为核心理念的中国特色的社会主义公民文化为指向,探寻其整合与创新的路径。 相似文献
6.
Simon Berge 《International Journal of Consumer Studies》2017,41(5):509-517
This paper presents the interview results from nine managers operating in the co‐operative food sector in Ontario, Canada. The interview results are framed within the context of Consumer Culture Theory to show how co‐operatives can be considered hyper‐communities that are built around an opposition to the current economic system's management of food as a common pool resource. The co‐operative managers interviewed present a view that co‐operatives act as drivers of sustainable innovation by allowing individuals to act as a group with a common interest in sustainable practices. The co‐operative model provides these hyper‐communities with guidance to interact with the economic system through the co‐operative principles. The co‐operative principles assist co‐operative managers in establishing member control over the common pool resource. This paper supports the growing literature on the co‐operative economy and self‐governance of common pool resources for a sustainable future. 相似文献
7.
区域经济一体化效应的研究方法主要有事后研究方法和事前研究方法,贸易引力模型和经济增长模型是区域经济一体化效应研究中主要的事后研究方法。阐述了贸易引力模型的提出、一般形式、细化和扩展、在区域一体化研究中的应用及其缺陷以及经济增长模型的产生、应用和发展,以助于从多个角度来研究区域经济一体化效应问题。 相似文献
8.
在贸易理论中能够定量应用于两个经济之间贸易额计算的,目前只有引力模型。但引力模型在实践中的应用效果并不令人满意。注意到贸易的本质就是交换,贸易额与产出之间应该存在着某种特定的数量关系,本文认为引力模型的基本形式应该能够普遍适用于国内贸易和国际贸易,并称之为“贸易定律”。模型中的距离应该理解为“经济距离”,代表运输成本。据此思路以中国对外贸易数据进行验证,贸易定律是有效的。 相似文献
9.
李瑞 《商业经济(哈尔滨)》2009,(7)
长期以来,人们一直认为托达罗模型是解决二元经济结构下人口流动问题的有效措施.但是,我国人口流动的实践证明:托达罗模型没有考虑到农村剩余劳动力的供给不断增加的问题;也没有看到随着第三产业的发展时劳动力的大量需求.托达罗提出的控制农村人口向城市迁移的模型,只是控制了城市人口不会大量增加,在一定程度上加剧了农村人口的增长趋势,把城市中的失业问题转移到了农村,并没有从根源上解决农村剩余劳动力的就业问题.托达罗模型自身的理论缺陷,不仅不能解决我国的农村问题,反而对城市经济发展产生极为不利的影响.应从托达罗人口流动模型中吸取经验教训,取消户籍制度,打破城乡二元劳动力市场分割的局面,建立全国统一的劳动力市场,允许农村剩余劳动力向城市迁移,降低劳动力迁移成本,加快我国城市化进程. 相似文献
10.
中国企业对外直接投资及其贸易效应——基于面板引力模型的实证研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文章利用2003~2009年中国对40个国家的投资面板数据,通过引力模型对投资与贸易的关系进行研究。结论表明,中国对外直接投资与贸易既存在互补关系,也存在替代关系,且对外直接投资对零部件贸易的影响非常明显。这体现出中国企业正在以更加积极主动的方式融入基于产品内分工的全球生产网络,并在其中发挥更大的作用。 相似文献
11.
后金融危机时期,中俄双方政治互信升级,两国建立了更为密切、全面的战略协作伙伴关系。文章基于较长时间跨度(1989~2010年)中俄双边贸易相关数据构建贸易引力扩展模型,研究两国贸易流量的影响因素以及发展潜力问题,并提出促进双边贸易发展的政策建议:进一步深化区域合作机制,完善贸易制度安排;强调各领域的务实合作;积极构建中俄自由贸易区;加强双边经贸结构调整,培育新兴贸易形态。 相似文献
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13.
《The World Economy》2018,41(9):2528-2551
This paper estimates the impact of vessels turnaround time on Brazilian exports. To achieve this goal, we use a difference gravity equation in order to explore the time variation in port procedures for 16 Brazilian ports. This paper uses a unique database with local exports, taking into account the port used and products aggregated at the four‐digit Harmonized System (HS ) level for the period between 2010 and 2012. The estimation results indicate that, in general, each additional hour of delay in port procedures represents costs to Brazilian exporters, which may lead to loss of competitiveness of domestic products abroad. According to the estimates, each additional relative hour of delay in the average port is equivalent to a reduction in relative local exports of ~2%. Moreover, a 10% relative reduction in vessel turnaround time can increase the proportional number of exported product categories by 1%. Therefore, our findings suggest that turnaround time has a statistically significant effect on the intensive and extensive margins of international trade. 相似文献
14.
在引力模型分析框架下,结合消费者对异质车型的需求特征,本文研究中国向不同贸易伙伴国出口汽车规模差异化的影响因素。研究结果表明,进口国的经济发展水平不仅通过改变居民购买力影响从中国进口的汽车规模,还通过需求偏好的调整影响中国汽车出口规模;总体而言,随着贸易伙伴国人均GDP的增长,中国汽车出口规模呈先增加后减少的变动规律。对贸易伙伴国的市场定位也影响到中国汽车出口规模的差异,中国对不同贸易伙伴国的汽车出口规模与出口汽车的平均价格呈反向变动关系。 相似文献
15.
Rafael Cezar 《The journal of international trade & economic development》2013,22(5):696-723
The article empirically tests the link between financial constraints with the extensive (proportion of exporters) and the intensive (volume of exports) margins of international trade. The main contribution is the macroeconomic analysis of this relationship – i.e. the investigation of the effect of finance on trade of all economic sectors combined – which is further reaching than the manufactured-sector-based focus found in the current literature. The study is developed on the basis of a bilateral trade database on 104 countries between 1998 and 2007. The empirical section estimates a two-stage gravity equation using panel data and shows a positive impact of financial development on the marginal variation of the extensive margin. However, the estimate of the relationship between finance and the intensive margin shows an unexpected result. It finds inconsistent results demonstrating a relationship that is negative, positive or statistically null. 相似文献
16.
我国种植大豆的历史悠久,总产量和出口量曾占世界市场份额的90%以上,与美国、巴西、阿根廷并列为世界四大大豆生产大国。基于引力模型,选取2008年我国大豆出口截面数据作为因变量,各国和各地区的GDP、人均GDP、我国与各国的的地理距离等数据作为自变量,实证分析了我国大豆出口的影响因素,证实了各进口国和地区的人均GDP与我国大豆出口呈正相关,进口国和地区的GDP和人均消费能力的增长在一定程度上有利于我国大豆的出口增长,而距离与我国大豆出口负相关。为提升我国大豆出口竞争力,应开拓市场,加强对外联系,增加对大豆的科研投入,减少大豆的生产成本,挖掘我国大豆的绿色能量。 相似文献
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18.
Whelsy Boungou;Francis Osei-Tutu;Amara Zongo; 《The World Economy》2024,47(9):4038-4060
Cross-border trade is critical to livelihoods and food security in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), but bribery remains one of the main barriers to economic growth in the region. Does corruption affect intra-African trade? We address this issue by considering the bilateral trade among 48 sub-Saharan African countries from 2000 to 2018, which are subject to a high level of corruption. Using a gravity model, the results show that corruption has a positive impact on exports and a negative impact on imports of global, primary, and manufactured goods. However, the difference in the level of corruption between country pairs is negatively and significantly associated with intra-African trade in manufactured goods. Therefore, to promote the corruption-free environment needed to facilitate the African Free Trade Agreement, it is essential for policymakers in sub-Saharan African countries to combat corruption to boost intra-African trade. 相似文献
19.
自20世纪60年代以来,引力模型被广泛地应用于研究国际贸易中的双边贸易流量。在引力模型不断发展和完善的基础上,众多学者开始从不同角度研究基于引力模型的边境效应问题。本文试图将国外繁多的研究进行总结和概述,以推动国内对于边境效应引力模型的理论和实证研究。 相似文献
20.
贸易便利化测评体系及对我国出口的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
文章基于层次分析法(AHP)来构建贸易便利化综合评价指标体系,对一国贸易便利化水平进行量化。在此基础上,通过贸易引力模型对贸易便利化与我国出口贸易额之间的关系进行实证研究,得出我国贸易便利化总体水平偏低,贸易伙伴国的贸易便利化水平是影响我国与其双边贸易额的重要因素。提高贸易便利化水平促进我国对外贸易的发展,需要从促进全球贸易便利化水平、积极参与并推进贸易便利化谈判、加强贸易便利化国际合作三个方面着手。 相似文献