IT部门往何处去

在IT基础设施和系统到位后,IT负责人如果不思部门转型,被边缘化的可能性会逐渐增大。CIO和企业IT部门在完成IT基础设施、办公自动化和ERP等基础系统后,如何为企业创造新的更大的价值?CIO和企业IT部门的职能、价值和能力在未来将如何演变?随着企业规模的发展、业务和组织复杂性的增加、市场竞争的加剧和“世界变平了”,企业如何利用CIO和IT部门的能力优势,建立新的组织能力和核心能力?在企业追求卓越绩效的过程中,信息化应该扮演什么角色?变化趋势Gartner公司在“2006年CIO状况”中指出,如今的IT部门引领着组织信息与流程的转变…     

扶“云”直上

云计算被视为是个人计算机变革、互联网变革之后的第三次IT浪潮,它将传统的IT基础设施和软件的选型、实施、交付、运维、管理等业务转化成可以按需定制的服务。这种转变不仅使企业级用户的IT资源变得有弹性,也让IT项目实施更便捷,让IT运维管理变得更轻松。与之对应的是IT产品和服务提供商角色的转变,它们不再是简单的卖产品,     

您的企业动成长了吗?

IT界有史以来最大的合并案发生在2002年5月7日。在这一天,惠普公司董事会主席兼首席执行官Carly女士郑重宣布:惠普与康柏成功合并。由于公司的业务与管理模式都已经基于IT系统,因此,在当今企业合并中,双方融合首当其冲的就是IT基础设施。在这个IT界最大合并的过程中,Carly面对着业界最为庞大的IT基础设施带来的技术挑战。这个最大IT基础设施的清单如下:1200个分散的IT中心、215000台PC、49000台网络设备、7000多个应用、900多个Web服务器与基础设施、21671台服务器以及228000个邮箱;在这个系统上,一个星期产生的邮件数量为2600万个,每个月的B2B信息为3000万个。这些数字足以满足支撑任何一家企业的运营。     

物联网技术提升行业整体信息化水平

正在酝酿的纺织工业十二五科技发展纲要中,物联网将作为纺织产业升级的一个重要发展方向被列入其中。物联网是一种新概念和新技术,它使新一代IT技术更加充分地应用于各行各业之中。它的问世打破了过去将基础设施与IT设施分开的传统观念,将建筑物、公路、铁路和网站、网络、数据中心合为一体,是信息化和工业化融合的重要切入点,在改造提升纺织产业、发展现代服务业、催生新的经济增长点等方面将发挥巨大作用和影响。     

CIO的未来十年

C时代,企业的信息应用模式面临一场重大变革,CIO们需要重新审视原有的信息利用能力、内部IT的应用模式,在未来十年重构C时代的信息利用模式。     

基础不能含糊

在IT圈子里,英文 Infrastructure 通常翻译为“基础设施”,但是在理解上,总是有人将它与Architecture(体系结构)搞到一起。那么,到底什么是“基础设施”,什么是“体系结构”呢? 我们可以从建筑学的角度去理解。在盖房子的时候,建筑师设计了房子的外观和搭建方式,这就是体系结构。而工人则具体搭建房屋的框架和管线,这就是基础设施。体系结构是蓝图和设计,而基础设施则是物理的材料。     

从安全过程管理看双网改造的定位

<正>关键基础设施面临的安全挑战是一个国际化存在的问题随着自动化系统向智能化、网络化过渡,IT安全的风险越来越向电力、通信、石油、天然气管道、自来水系统、交通运输等国家关键基础设施渗透。由于因特网的开放性,以及IT产业链(从产品设计、开发、销售到     

人力资源能力柔性研究：基于技能和行为柔性的视角

对人力资源能力柔性的国外文献研究进行了综述,总结了人力资源能力柔性所包含的两大方面：技能柔性和行为柔性,并分析了人力资源能力柔性与企业绩效的关系。     

IToIP，创造企业新价值

在IT资源融合的大背景下，客户需求越来越倾向于整体解决方案的提供能力。面对客户需求，H3C打造了基于IP技术的网络、安全、存储和多媒体四大产品线，为IToIP架构下的解决方案提供了坚实的产品资源基础。     

IT与创新

中山大学管理学院副院长谢康教授经常这样描述我国信息化经历的三个阶段:“第一阶段,谁上了信息系统谁就有优势;大家都上了信息系统后,就进入到第二个层面,谁把信息技术用得好谁就有优势;现在企业之间的竞争已经开始上升到第三个层面,谁的IT技术和业务结合得更紧密,谁才能获得优势。”《IT经理世界》和IDC中国在2006年将第五届“中国优秀C I O评选”的主题定为“IT与创新”,大的背景是看到很多企业在寻求差异化竞争优势的时候,迫切地希望借助IT工具进行创新这一新的趋势。在几个月的时间里面,《IT经理世界》的记者通过对200多位候选C…     

Developing organizational agility in product innovation: the roles of IT capability,KM capability,and innovative climate

This study investigates how to leverage information technology (IT) capability to build organizational agility in the context of product innovation. A moderated mediating model is proposed from the capability‐building processes perspective. The data collected from 194 senior executives of firms in China show that knowledge management capability partially mediates the relationship between IT capability and organizational agility. Innovative climate also positively moderates the indirect relationship between IT capability and organizational agility in the context of product innovation. Discussion, implications, and direction for future research are offered at the end of this paper.     

城市基础设施项目网络化管理的分析

城市基础设施管理纷繁复杂，如何利用网络平台对基础设施项目进行管理，提高管理效力，是目前基础设施项目管理研究的热点问题之一。本从城市基础设施的特点出发，分析了信息技术对基础设施项目管理的影响以及目前城市基础设施网络化管理的具体形式。     

信息技术应用对企业纵向边界的影响--实证研究与讨论

基于交易成本理论的分析表明：信息技术应用节约了企业的内部协调成本和外部交易成本，从而影响企业纵向边界的变动，然而这一理论推断需要进一步的检验。本文利用我国信息技术行业的数据进行实证研究．分析信息技术应用与企业纵向边界变动之间的关系。结果表明：现阶段的信息技术应用使企业纵向边界呈现扩大的趋势。文章据此讨论了中外企业信息化进程的差异和影响．并解释研究结果对企业规模边界和能力边界变动趋势的含义。     

Leveraging supplier capabilities: The role of locus of capability deployment

This study adds to the resource‐based view by studying how client firms may gain performance benefits from supplier IT capabilities in market‐based arrangements where the supplier's IT capabilities are readily available to multiple client firms. I argue that the locus of supplier capability deployment, i.e. whether supplier capabilities are deployed at the client (in‐sourcing) or supplier (outsourcing), has implications for client firm performance. The findings show that in‐sourcing leads to complementary effects between supplier IT capabilities and client operational capabilities. In contrast, clients with weaker operational capabilities benefit from outsourcing the respective activity to the supplier, and may even be able to reduce their capability disadvantage through outsourcing. The data on 964 U.S. credit unions contracting with 22 technology solution providers is archival. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Antecedents and Consequences of Information Technology Usage in NPD: A Comparison of Dutch and U.S. Companies*

This study examines information technology (IT) usage for new product development (NPD) in a global context. Specifically, this research seeks to ascertain the factors that influence IT usage and the relationship between IT usage and new product performance in two different countries—the United States and the Netherlands. The interest here is in discovering if, and how, these relationships may be different depending on the country within which the NPD effort is undertaken. Employing a mail survey methodology, the present study uses data from a sample of U.S. practitioner members from the Product Development & Management Association (PDMA) and new product managers from Dutch manufacturing companies to examine the effect of IT infrastructure, IT embeddedness, NPD process formalization, colocation, outsourcing of NPD projects, and length of time on the job on the extent of IT usage. The data are also used to explore the impact of IT usage on speed to market and market performance. The results indicate that IT embeddedness and NPD process formalization positively influence IT usage in both the United States and the Netherlands. Colocation and length of time on the job are negatively associated with IT usage only in Dutch firms. Similarly, outsourcing of NPD projects is positively related to IT usage only in U.S. firms. Finally, IT usage has a positive relationship with speed to market in the Netherlands and with market performance in the United States. An important implication of the present study is that IT usage does impact speed to market and market performance, confirming anecdotal evidence. However, these relationships are not the same in each country. Moreover, the antecedents to IT usage also vary by country. Thus, the precursors and consequences of IT usage in NPD are context specific. Another implication of this research is that unless IT is embedded into the NPD process, it is unlikely that the benefits of IT will come to fruition. Finally, this study suggests that as firms use more globally dispersed teams for NPD and outsource more of their development activities, IT usage is likely to increase to facilitate communication and cooperation.     

ICT and economic development in Taiwan: analysis of the evidence

The IT-led development strategy adopted by Taiwan has been greatly recognised by other Asian newly industrialised economies (NIEs) in their own NII initiatives. This paper discusses the impact of ICT on economic growth in Taiwan based on longitudinal data over 16 years. It highlights the joint impact of national IT capabilities and national IT investment on economic growth, and the findings imply that the payoff effect of IT investment on economic growth can be achieved only through a robust national information infrastructure that supports IT adoption and application.     

Determinants of IT Usage and New Product Performance*

Explosive growth of information technologies (IT) has prompted interest in examining the role of IT in new product development (NPD). Through desktop software and Web‐based tools, IT has been used to aid idea generation and product testing as well as for NPD activities such as process and portfolio management. Recent research suggests, however, that a gap exists between IT availability and usage. Given the importance of IT in creating business value through the development of new products and services, the present study seeks to identify factors that affect IT usage. Further, anecdotal evidence and conceptual studies intimate that the usage of IT tools for NPD can shorten time to market, can improve product quality, and can increase productivity. However, empirical substantiation of this impact is mostly nonexistent. The current study investigates the relationship between IT usage and two measures of new product performance: speed to market and market performance. Employing a mail‐survey methodology, the study uses data from a sample of practitioner members from the Product Development & Management Association to examine the effect of project risk, existence of a champion, autonomy, innovative climate, IT infrastructure, and IT embeddedness on the extent of IT usage. These data are also used to explore the impact of IT usage on speed to market and market performance. The results indicate that project risk, existence of a champion, and IT embeddedness positively affect the extent of IT usage for NPD. Additionally, IT usage positively and significantly influences the performance of the new product in the marketplace. Surprisingly, and contrary to popular belief, IT usage does not have any impact on speed to market. An important implication of this study is that IT usage influences performance but not in the way managers expect. Specifically, IT usage does not seem to affect speed to market but rather positively impacts the performance of the new product in the marketplace. This result suggests that IT usage in NPD provides far more value to firms than previously thought and provides evidence to support greater investments in IT for product development efforts. Other implications of the study are that unless IT is embedded into the NPD process and champions for IT tools exist, chances are that IT will not be used and its benefits will not be realized.     

The Influence of Digital Design and IT on Modular Product Architecture

The architecture of a product is the design and specification of inherent subsystems, components, and interfaces between subsystems. Well‐defined interfaces allow the development of standardized subsystems that may be shared across product lines, e.g., technology platforms. Past research shows the benefits of modular product architecture in terms of improving cost of goods through common components and materials as well as improving development time cycles for derivative products. Product architecture does not occur by accident; it must be engineered and implemented. This study explores the impact of digital design and information technology (IT) on the development of modular product architectures. Through an empirical study of 122 firms and follow‐up interviews with several respondents, we study the impact of digital design tools and IT infrastructure on the development of modular product architecture and overall project outcomes. The results indicate that a firm's IT infrastructure has a strong, significant relationship with the development of modular product architecture. The findings also show a strong, positive relationship between the development of modular product architecture and project outcomes. However, in contrast to the common perception that digital design tools enhance R&D productivity and effectiveness, we do not find a significant relationship between digital design tool usage and modular product architecture or overall project outcomes. The findings suggest that digital design tools and their organizational implementation need improvement in up‐front new product development phases.     

The rise of IT services clusters in India: A case of growth by replication

The Indian IT services sector has grown from small beginnings at the bottom of value creation to a major player in the global information and communications technology (ICT) industry. It commands a 55% share in the global market for IT services. India's IT sector value proposition in terms of low cost with large supply of high quality talent is compelling. As a result, India has become the premier choice not only for outsourcing IT services by the developed-world's multinational corporations (MNCs) but also for locating their own Global In-house Centers (GICs), which simultaneously compete and partner with local firms. This gave rise to six additional clusters beyond the earliest, largest and robust cluster, Bangalore. The paper provides a review of relevant literature; develops a conceptual framework for evaluation of clusters; and presents data and analysis with respect to relative size, growth, specialization, MNC presence and connectivity to local firms through expatriates and returning Indians, ,innovation; and discusses adequacy of ICT infrastructure for future growth. Although there are clear signs that the Indian IT sector has been moving towards a regime of providing high-end value added services, the sector's value proposition – lower cost combined with a large supply of high quality talent – remains the single most compelling reason for the rise and growth of multiple export clusters. Thus the sector's growth appears to be a case of growth by replication rather than innovation. The paper concludes that the Indian IT sector's value proposition in terms of lower cost combined with large supply of high quality talent remains the single most compelling reason for the rise and growth of multiple IT services export clusters. While the old adage, “people follow jobs” still holds for large part of the labor force, there is little doubt that the sprawling IT services clusters in India - with more to come from Tier II and Tier III cities – indicate, in fact, that “jobs follow talent." Both local firms and the MNCs, through their GICs, are pushing the boundaries of location farther and farther to continue to leverage cost advantage and available pools of talent.