金融危机下企业管理海外应收账款的策略思考

在金融危机中,海外应收账款的管理成为每个出口企业都倍加关注的问题.本文分析了海外应收账款隐藏的问题,以及应收账款管理的核心内容,建议企业利用行之有效的金融工具来管理海外应收账款.     

关于应收账款的理论概述和分析

现金是企业的血液,而应收账款是现金的过渡形式。应收账款是企业流动资产的重要组成部分,是企业现金流量的一个重要来源。我国企业特别是国有大中型企业中普遍存在着应收账款资金占用巨大、应收账款呆账损失严重、应收账款纠纷日益增多、应收账款纠纷解决的不规范等问题。这些问题普遍存在,造成企业资金被其它企业无偿、长期地占用,企业资金紧张,坏账、呆账增加,收账费用日益增多,过多的应收账款纠纷既增加了企业费用支出又耗费了大量的精力,情况严重的甚至会影响企业生存和发展。应收账款已经成为制约中国企业生存和发展的一个重要因素。因此,解决企业应收账款管理中出现的问题具有十分重要的理论意义和现实意义。本文主要就应收账款的产生原因及影响因素进行了有关分析。     

试述我国企业应收账款风险与防范措施

应收账款是企业流动资产的重要组成部分,是企业现金流量的一个重要来源。我国企业普遍存在着应收账款资金占用巨大、应收账款呆账损失严重、应收账款纠纷日益增多、应收账款纠纷解决的不规范等问题,因此,解决企业应收账款管理中出现的问题具有十分重要的理论意义和现实意义。     

试述我国企业应收账款风险与防范措施

应收账款是企业流动资产的重要组成部分,是企业现金流量的一个重要来源。我国企业普遍存在着应收账款资金占用巨大、应收账款呆账损失严重、应收账款纠纷日益增多、应收账款纠纷解决的不规范等问题,因此,解决企业应收账款管理中出现的问题具有十分重要的理论意义和现实意义。     

内陆企业出口应收账款形成原因及改进措施

近年来,我国不少企业货物出口后,货款不能按时收回,每年都有数亿美元的应收账款滞留或流失海外.以湖北省仙桃市的统计数据为例:2002年元至12月,企业出口报关数又比出口收汇数相差440万美元,逾期未核销额达到了592万美元.     

应收账款质押问题探析

应收账款质押已成为世界许多国家或地区企业融资的一条重要渠道。我国现行担保法律无此规定,而现实又有强烈需求。《物权法》首次将应收账款质押纳入到我国法律中,为实践操作提供了明确的法律依据。然而,《物权法》仅有两条专门规定,难以解决应收账款质押中存在的全部问题。本文界定了我国应收账款和应收账款质押的概念,明确指出法律意义上的应收账款包括公路、桥梁等收费权,并简要分析了应收账款质押区别于其他权利质押的三个明显特点。在此基础上,有重点地分析了可质押的应收账款的特征、我国公示制度的不足、应收账款质押效力的规定及其存在的问题,并提出了一些完善建议。     

加强应收账款的日常管理

当前,我国的应收账款的坏账损失越来越多,应收账款问题已严重影响了企业的正常经营活动和国民经济的发展,针对应收账款问题存在的现状,文章在分析不利因素的基础上.进一步提出了解决应收账款问题的办法和措施.     

加强应收账款的日常管理

当前，我国的应收账款的坏账损失越来越多，应收账款问题已严重影响了企业的正常经营活动和国民经济的发展，针对应收账款问题存在的现状，文章在分析不利因素的基础上，进一步提出了解决应收账款问题的办法和措施。     

关于企业应收账款风险管理问题的思考

对于一个企业来讲,应收账款的存在本身就包含一定风险,企业一方面想借助于它来促进销售,同时又希望尽量避免由于应收账款的不能及时回收而给企业带来的资金周转困难等弊端,如何处理和解决好这一对立又统一的问题是企业管理应收账款中最重要的问题,本论文主要论述了企业应收账款的影响因素,并在此基础上提出了应收账款的风险防范策略。     

我国企业应收账款管理研究

应收账款是伴随企业销售行为的发生而形成的一项债权。随着我国市场经济日趋成熟,企业应收账款随之逐渐增多,其存在的问题也日益加剧,应收账款管理作为企业营运资金管理的重要方面已越来越引起企业管理者的重视,甚至已经成为我国企业当前学习的一门"必修课"。笔者通过分析我国企业应收账款现状及形成原因和存在问题,从而提出相应的解决措施,以期对企业有所帮助。     

基于流程视角的应收账款管理体系构建

随着我国经济持续发展和市场经济体制的完善,商品经济已经从卖方市场转向买方市场。买方市场的突出特点是大量的“信用销售”取代“货币销售”,企业的应收账款数额迅速增加。然而,我国的信用环境并没有跟上社会经济的发展,导致企业陷入“不赊销等死,赊销找死”的两难境地。针对当前状况,应从管理流程的视角重新构建企业应收账款管理体系,为加快企业经营运转,促进企业的高效成长提供重要的理论依据。     

A Dynamic Approach to Accounts Receivable: a Study of Spanish SMEs

The main objective of this paper is to extend the literature on the granting of trade credit. The focus is to test whether the accounts receivable decisions follow a model of partial adjustment. To do that, we use a sample of 2,922 Spanish SMEs. Using a dynamic panel data model and employing the GMM method of estimation we control for unobservable heterogeneity and for potential endogeneity problems. The results reveal that firms have a target level of accounts receivable and take decisions in order to achieve that level. In addition, we find that sales growth (if positive), the size of the firms, their capacity to generate internal funds and get short term financing, and economic growth are important in determining trade credit granted by firms.     

Do firms use the trade credit channel to manage growth?

While many theories of accounts payable and receivable are related to firm performance, there has not been a direct test whether firms actively use them to manage their growth. We argue that it is not just the accounts payable but also the accounts receivable that matter. While the former help to alleviate imperfections in the financial market, the latter do so in the product market. Using over 2.5 million observations for 600.000 firms in 8 euro area countries in the period 1993–2009, we show that firms use the trade credit channel to manage growth. In countries where the trade credit channel is more present, the marginal impact is lower, but the total impact is still higher. Further, firms that are more vulnerable to financial market imperfections, rely more on the trade credit channel to manage growth. Finally, we show that also the overall conditions of the financial market matter for the importance of the trade credit channel for growth.     

商业信用与合作型客户关系的构建——基于提供给大客户应收账款的经验证据

利用我国上市公司前5名应收账款欠款人信息以及前5名大客户信息的披露数据,本文较为直接地考察了企业是否以及如何利用应收账款的产品质量担保功能与大客户构建合作型客户关系。研究结果表明,客户集中度越高,企业提供给大客户的信用政策越宽松,即应收账款金额越多,信用期限越长;进一步研究发现,在与主要客户地理位置相似度较低的企业、处于竞争性行业的企业以及营商环境较好的地区,上述两者之间的正相关关系有所增强。最后,本文发现,在与大客户构建合作型客户关系时,企业向这些大客户提供的应收账款越多,企业的业绩越好。     

Suppliers' listing status and trade credit provision

We show that public suppliers extend more trade credit than their private counterparts. The impact of stock market listing on accounts receivable is more pronounced among firms that are financially more constrained or more reliant on external finance. Moreover, firms significantly increase their trade credit provision following equity issuances in stock exchanges. These results are consistent with the argument that stock market listing status improves firms' access to external sources of financing, especially equity capital, thus enhancing their ability to offer more trade credit to customers.     

论科研单位应收帐款融资

科研单位经常遇到应收帐款收回不及时或无法收回的现象，不仅占用了企业流动资金，还增加了企业管理成本和坏帐成本，严重制约了企业的生存和发展。分析了我国科研单位应收账款管理中存在的主要问题，开展应收账款融资的现实意义，在此基础上提出我国科研单位应收账款融资的方式选择。     

Corporate trade credit and inventories: New evidence of a trade-off from accounts payable and receivable

Trade credit is an important source of finance for firms and has been well researched, but the focus has been on financial trade-offs. In this paper, we consider the trade-offs with inventories and develop a simple model that recognizes the incentives a firm faces to offer and receive trade credit. Our model identifies the response of accounts payable and accounts receivable to changes in the cost of inventories, profitability, risk and liquidity, and importantly, this influence operates through a production channel. Our results support the model and complement many existing studies focused on explaining the financial terms of trade credit.     

Trade Credit,Future Earnings,and Stock Returns: A Self-Dealing Perspective

Chinese listed firms are characterized by a great magnitude of long-duration accounts receivable from controlling shareholders and their affiliates, and they often do not make bad debt allowances. On many occasions, these receivables are never collected. We find that firms with a great magnitude of accounts receivable demonstrate a low level of future profitability and low stock returns. It does not appear that the low earnings persistence of these firms is responsible for their poor future performance as predicted by the accrual anomaly, because the firms also report low concurrent earnings. In the context of the Chinese stock market, we interpret the results as being consistent with self-dealing through trade credit by controlling shareholders. This study contributes to the self-dealing literature by identifying a more subtle channel of expropriation of minority shareholders in China.     

论应收账款的催收管理

应收帐款是企业为了稳定销售渠道,面向客户提供信用业务所累积的款项。它是企业顺利运营的前提,但也增加了企业的经营风险。本文首先通过对应收账款成因的分析,提出了企业应怎样加强应收账款的管理;接着阐述了企业应如何根据自己的实际情况制定良好的信用政策;最后详细介绍了应收账款的催收方案、方法和技巧,以及坏账的预防措施。