西部农业水土资源永续利用的途径

在西部大开发中，农业开放是基础，而水土资源则是西部农业开发的重点和希望，西部大开发应以生态环境的恢复和建设为核心，以水土资源的保护和永续利用为重点，本文从提高农业水土资源的质量、利用率和利用效率等方面，提出了实现西部地区农业水土资源永续利用的对策。     

东北地区农业可持续发展问题探讨

分析了东北地区农业发展的基本态势,优势条件及制约农业可持续发展的主要问题,探讨了农业可持续发展的方向、战略重点和主要对策。指出地区农业发展必须走质量效益型可持续农业之路,通过农业结构升级与布局优化、生态环境建设与水土资源可持续利用、区域联合开发与整体布局、农村制度创新及城乡协调发展,实现由传统农业向现代农业的转变。     

实现西部农业水土资源永续利用的途径

目前西部地区农业水资源利用存在的主要问题是 :水资源时空分布不均衡 ;水资源开发利用不均衡 ;水资源浪费大 ;水质污染严重。西部地区农业土地资源利用中的主要问题 ,除土地利用率低 ,利用方式落后 ,经营粗放以外 ,最突出的是土地荒漠化和水土流失严重 ,农地质量不断下降。鉴此 ,西部大开发应以生态环境的恢复和建设为核心 ,以水土资源的保护和永续利用为重点。本文从提高农业水土资源的质量、利用率和利用效率等方面 ,提出实现西部地区农业水土资源永续利用的对策     

订单农业的历史追溯及原因分析

本文通过对国内外订单农业起源的历史分析,认为订单农业是随着西方资本主义制度的产生而产生,是资本主义生产方式在农业生产领域的具体表现;我国订单农业的萌芽最早可以追溯到宋代,现代意义的订单农业则伴随我国市场经济改革的进程而产生;农业生产力发展水平和农产品商品化程度是决定订单农业产生的前提条件,而技术进步和组织制度之间的相互作用则是订单农业产生的根本原因.     

订单农业的历史追溯及原因分析

本文通过对国内外订单农业起源的历史分析，认为订单农业是随着西方资本主义制度的产生而产生，是资本主义生产方式在农业生产领域的具体表现；我国订单农业的萌芽最早可以追溯到宋代，现代意义的订单农业则伴随我国市场经济改革的进程而产生；农业生产力发展水平和农产品商品化程度是决定订单农业产生的前提条件，而技术进步和组织制度之间的相互作用则是订单农业产生的根本原因。     

吉林省农业水土资源可持续利用研究

文章在分析吉林省水土资源现状的基础上,构建了农业水土资源匹配分析模型,模拟分析表明：吉林省水土资源匹配程度较优,但区域差异明显,东部优于西部,林区优于农区。在此基础上,从统一规划水资源的合理配置、优化农用土地资源利用结构、科学利用水土资源等方面提出了吉林省农业水土资源可持续利用的对策和研究方向。     

钟山区生态农业的发展现状和对策研究

钟山区地处六盘水市中心城区,是六盘水市政治、经济、文化中心.钟山区要实现生态建设与农业增效、农民增收的协调发展,必须改变传统农业生产方式,立足地区资源优势,调整农业结构,保护生态环境,坚定不移的走生态农业的农业发展之路.     

我国中部地区农业发展定位与战略

中部地区是我国重要的商品粮生产基地,承担着保障国家粮食安全和实现农产品有效供给的重任.国家实施"中部地区崛起"战略为中部地区进一步发挥农区水土资源比较优势,大力发展现代种植业及其精深加工业,提供了历史机遇.文章从中部地区农业生产特点与问题分析人手,对新时期区域农业发展的功能定位与战略方向进行深入探讨,提出了提升中部地区农业综合生产能力和实现农业持续健康发展的可行途径及对策.     

建国以来贵州民族地区县域农业经济的积累环境效应研究——以关岭布依族苗族自治县为例

良好的生态环境是社会生产力持续发展和人们生存质量不断提高的重要基础.贵州民族地区生态环境形势不容乐观,不仅制约了本地区经济社会的发展,同时也对长江、珠江下游地区的生态安全带来威胁.本文以关岭布依族苗族自治县为研究点,通过分析1949年以来当地农业发展与生态安全的协同发展状况,评估民族地区农业经济活动的累积环境效应,揭示历史时期不同发展模式对贵州少数民族地区区域生态环境的影响.     

区域开发的生态累积效应研究进展

区域开发的生态累积效应是人类活动对生态系统的影响在一定时间和空间上积累,达到一定阈值后所造成的生态环境变化,表现在景观格局、生态系统结构和功能、气候特征、土壤特征、生物群落特征与生物多样性、水土资源特征等方面。该研究目前主要集中在其变化过程监测研究、评价研究、方法论研究以及机理与协同效应研究方面;重大水利工程建设影响区域、人工绿洲区、湿地区为该研究的热点区域。区域开发的生态累积效应研究是较大范围开发活动生态环境后评价工作的基础,也将为今后开展生态文明建设单元筛选和规划提供支撑。     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。     

风险视角下企业治理结构和研发创新——基于委托代理模型的研究

本文基于委托代理模型,从风险的视角研究企业治理结构对研发创新能力的影响。本文构建了一个包含创新活动的委托代理模型进行理论分析,利用动态DEA 模型测算创新能力,并使用2015-2018年我国上市制造业企业数据进行实证检验。实证部分检验了理论结论:委托代理问题不利于企业提升研发创新能力,且客观风险和主观风险厌恶会加剧该负面影响。基于此,本文认为上市企业应根据企业自身研发活动特点有针对性地改善企业治理结构,提出了适当延长代理人任期、推动股权激励计划、提升代理人的风险承担能力等建议。     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...