Who are my donors?

When designing a communications/marketing plan, it is critical to base it on a clear, accurate understanding of the target audience. Specifically, non-profits should have a great understanding of who their constituents are.     

Who consults investment analysts?

This paper shows that the questions: Who consults investment analysts? and Who goes to the El Farol bar in Santa Fe? are similar. Thus, investors use a mixed optimal strategy. The demand for consulting services is also characterized.Received: 25 September 2002, Accepted: 26 May 2003, JEL Classification: D81, C70Jacob Paroush: The author is grateful to Yaw Nyarko, Yigal Milchtaich and an anonymous referee for helpful comments and suggestions.     

Food contamination incidents: what do consumers seek online? Who cares?

• Consumers can play an active role in managing their health during food contamination incidents. With the popularity of the internet, consumers may seek online information to minimize health risks associated with the incidents. This study examines information demand and supply for consumers' online‐information seeking by investigating the search queries commonly used by consumers during the incidents and returned first page search results. We use a stage of change model to frame our hypotheses about information demand and stakeholder and agenda setting theories to frame our hypotheses about information supply. Results show that consumers' information seeking may progress through stages of precontemplation (seeking no special information), contemplation (seeking information related to the facts of the incidents), preparation and action (seeking information related to safety precautions and practices), and maintenance and termination (seeking no special information). Mainstream news media play the most important role in providing online information related to the facts of the incidents during the contemplation stage of consumers' information seeking. Online citizen journalism is the major online source for information related to safety precautions and practices during the preparation and action stage of information seeking. A diversity of other stakeholders also provide online information related to the incidents but are not primary information sources for consumers. We suggest that stakeholders, especially those who are responsible for providing accurate and timely information to consumers such as government agencies, establish online marketing strategies to make their information more accessible by consumers. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

     

Financial Transfers from Living Parents to Adult Children: Who Is Helped and Why?

Abstract . To what extent can young adult children rely on their parents for financial support? This question will take on added importance if the commitments of the Social Security system put greater strain on the children of retirees. Despite the critical role that parents have in supporting their children, why they help some and not others remains unclear. Findings using two waves of data from the Health and Retirement Study that control for the needs of children and the resources of parents suggest that parents give more inter vivos financial assistance to their disadvantaged children rather than focusing on children most able to give financial help in return. Other measures of child well‐being besides income, including home ownership, education, parental status, and marital status, also suggest that parents help needier children more. Children who live nearby also receive more, a finding consistent with exchange motives or simply the ability of these children to more stridently demand support. Neither altruism nor exchange theories explain why stepchildren receive substantially less support than naturally born or adopted children. The diversity of effects suggests that giving is based on heterogeneous motives—parents may temper their altruism for children by the degree to which they feel responsible and by the stridency of some children in seeking support. Findings are robust upon allowing for unobserved differences across families by estimating fixed effect models.     

Understanding the Determinants of Who Gets Laid Off: Does Affective Organizational Commitment Matter?

Whereas prior research has focused on structural, demographic, and human capital factors to predict who gets laid off, the current study examines affective organizational commitment as an additional attribute related to an employee's layoff chances. Specifically, we investigate the relationship between affective organizational commitment and an individual's layoff chances, as well as whether this relationship differs between high and low performers. Event history analysis is conducted using survey data with matched personnel records from 3,057 employees across 563 Australian bank branches. After controlling for numerous predictors of layoffs, the results demonstrate that affective organizational commitment decreases the likelihood of an employee being laid off. Further, the effects of affective organizational commitment on an individual's layoff chances are greater for lower performers than higher performers. We discuss the implications of these findings for researchers and practitioners. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Who will be a good employee in the future?

This article examines the attributes necessary for the successful employee in the future. Many of these are already familiar to the manager: flexibility and adaptability, a team approach, and the ability to see the bigger picture. Implications for the educational process and its development of successful employees are also presented.     

Postal Surveys of Doctors’ Careers: Who Writes Comments and What do they Write About?

This study aimed to characterise the doctors who wrote comments at the end of a postal questionnaire about their careers, to quantify the frequency of negative comments, and to study relationships between the questionnaire content and the topics of comment. Graduates of all UK medical schools in 1999 were surveyed at the end of their pre-registration year. Structured questions about career intentions, current jobs and attitudes were accompanied by an invitation to write comments about any aspect of training, career choices or work. Comments were transcribed and coded according to theme and whether they were positive, negative or neutral. Numbers of comments on each theme, and of positive and negative comments, were counted. Bivariate analyses based on respondents answers to structured questions were used to characterise those who wrote comments on each theme. The survey response rate was 65%, and 40% of respondents wrote comments. Sixteen themes were identified. Ninety-four percent of those who commented said something negative or critical. Respondents who wrote comments differed in some characteristics from the whole cohort. The structured content of the questionnaire, particularly certain attitude statements, prompted the writing of comments on related themes, although not all attitudinal items acted in this way.     

Who＇s Hot,Who＇s Not

丹·艾克森 通用汽车董事长兼首席执行官丹·艾克森2月15日来到中国，发布了中国市场新战略。艾克森今年年初起开始出任通用汽车董事长，上任不久便率先来华举办媒体见面会，显示通用汽车对中国市场的重视。     

Who＇s Hot, Who＇s Not

郑俊怀 中国乳业大佬、前伊利集团董事长郑俊怀，从公众视线中淡出四年后，在金融危机的寒冬中，悄然复出于乳都呼和浩特。四年前，郑因涉嫌挪用公司资金被判刑6年。后于2008年年中提前出狱。目前在呼和浩特引来40亿元的投资。准备再造一个乳业帝国。     

Who Is Eligible? Should Affirmative Action be Group‐ or Class‐Based?

We explore the consequences for eligibility of members of subaltern groups for affirmative action (AA), when AA policies are based on social class criteria rather than on group affiliation (race, ethnicity, or gender), by means of a general model with simplifying assumptions. The model is developed first for the case where everyone eligible for AA becomes a beneficiary, and then for the case where beneficiaries are only those eligibles who are able to meet minimum qualification requirements for the positions at issue—an ability that is (reasonably) assumed to be correlated with socioeconomic status. The model demonstrates that class‐based affirmative action cannot provide as many subaltern‐group beneficiaries as group‐based affirmative action, especially when access to the desired positions hinges on performance qualifications. Data on AA‐targeted subaltern groups in rural India and in the United States are used to illustrate the conclusions of the model.     

Who needs MBAs in HR? USC's strategic human resource management MBA concentration

This article describes the MBA concentration in Strategic Human Resource Management offered by the Marshall School of Business at the University of Southern California. Very few MBA programs offer such a concentration. We discuss the genesis of USC's program, its rationale, and its components. Launched in 1996, the program's success derives in large part from its close industry links. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

巨龙:沉默?沉沦?

"巨龙公司作为通信设备行业最早的企业,由于体制的问题,已经从中兴华为公司的竞争对手名单中删除!该公司目前重点将市场转向广电和海外."这是"国内最大的通信设备制造业上市公司"--"巨大中华"之一的中兴通信在今年年报里对巨龙信息技术有限公司这一昔日强劲竞争对手的评价.     

国际化:先驱?先烈?

2004年是TCL最热闹、最风光、最受关注的一年。一年来,TCL战略性大动作一个接一个, 与法国汤姆逊合资组建了由TCL控股的垒球最大彩电企业TTE;移动电话业务成功地与阿尔 卡特合作,打造了全球第七大手机制造商。李东生也因此成为2004年度中国企业界的"获奖 专业户"。然而,与TCL备受关注相伴的却是一连串难题。     

Who says we don't? The perspective from a small Catholic liberal arts college

“Although American higher education can justifiably take pride in its capacity to develop the student's ability to manipulate the material world through its programs in science, medicine, technology, and commerce, it has paid relatively little attention to the student's “inner” development—the sphere of values and beliefs, emotional maturity, moral development, spirituality, and self‐understanding.” —from the Foreword to Encouraging Authenticity and Spirituality in Higher Education by Alexander W. Astin and Helen S. Astin     

讨债公司:合法?非法?

讨债公司号称非暴力讨债,一旦出格谁人能够监督?讨债公司号称专治赖帐者,难道比法院还厉害?缠、磨、泡,跟人盯梢,以赖治赖,合法耶,非法耶?     

独立董事:纪晓岚?花瓶?

《关于在上市公司建立独立董事制度的指导意见》自实施到现在已逾两年。最近,上海上市公司董事会秘书协会和上海金信证券研究所共同开展了上市公司独立董事制度的调查研究工作。调查中发现有2％的独立董事直言不讳地认为自己是“花瓶”,另有39％的独立董事含蓄地指出自己是顾问角色,37％的认为自己是董事,21％认为自己是中小股东的代表。可见,有近四成的独立董事认为自己只是充当公司决策的顾问,与独立董事的定位——公司经营监督不相符。本刊为此编发了两篇文章,探讨个中究竟。     

小产权房:止痒?止痛?

同样的地段,同样的物业品质,价格却是周边同类型楼盘的一半甚至更低。这都是因为它们的特殊身份:小产权房。在杭州,小产权房总量到底有多少,可能永远是个谜,早在2007年底就曾有媒体指出杭州当时的小产权房达一百多处。     

钢材价位:涨?落?

上半年,钢材市场仍然让人感到有些琢磨不透,个中原由可谓仁者见仁、智者见智。在日前召开的一次分析会上,多数专家认为:下半年钢材市场将走出低谷,价格总体上呈平稳上升之势,总水平将接近国际市场价格,但涨幅不会大起大落。     

Who is an Employer in the Triangular Employment Relationship? Sorting Through the Definitional Confusion

Employers in the United States are increasingly utilizing staffing firms, employee leasing firms, temporary employment agencies and other third parties to help manage contingent labor in their organizations. The use of such triangular relationships creates complexities in the rights and responsibilities of each party, partially due to the variation in how U.S. employment law defines employers and employees across statutes. We analyze the various definitions of employee and employer across key U.S. employment statutes (e.g., Civil Rights Act of 1964, ADA, FMLA, FLSA), tests used by the courts in their decision making, and IRS regulations and evaluate the impact of these definitions on the use of contingent employees in triangular relationships. We review existing case law relevant to discrimination and non-discrimination statutes and identify key areas of risk and responsibility for both the individuals employed as contingent workers and firms that use contingent labor. Finally, we offer recommendations for strategically managing contingent labor in the current legal context.