土地利用类型动态遥感监测方法研究--以黑龙江省阿城市为例

在研究黑龙江省城市土地利用变化规律的基础上,通过大比例尺卫星影像分析了土地利用类型及其变化的特点,提出了快速,及时,可靠地进行土地利用类型动态变化监测及土地变更图件精度检查的遥感方法,并对其做了总结和评价。     

对地面数字测图管理工作的探索与思考

在分析地面数字测图工作的特点和流程的基础上,结合地面数字测图的具体实践和数字测图管理工作的现状,对地面数字测图的作业方法和工程管理如工程方案设计、工作人员、产品质量的管理进行了探讨,提出了具体的建议和管理措施。     

我国城市用地扩展与土地集约利用

分析了我国城市用地增长弹性系数和城市用地扩展幂指数规律,发现土地利用效益偏低、扩张速度偏快是目前我国城市用地扩展的主要特征;分析了城市用地扩展的主要驱动力,发现固定资产投资和人口增长是城市扩展的主要动力,而第三产业发展有助于抑制城市用地扩张;认为城市扩展是我国现阶段经济发展的必然结果,但我国城市土地利用应变外廷扩展为外延扩展和内涵挖潜相结合的利用方式,提高土地利用的集约度与综合效益.     

Land use for transport projects: Estimating land value

Transportation projects are typically characterized by increased land use, which is a scarce resource of economic value. However, there is a tendency to ignore land value during feasibility studies of transportation projects. This may lead to a reduction in the economic efficiency of a project and to increased land use. This paper presents an economic model, based on the relationship between the elasticity of land price with respect to density, and estimating the future value of land designated for various uses, including transportation projects. The model was applied to transactional data from Israel, and was used for examining the value of land designated for two transport projects within Israel. The conclusions of the study indicate that taking the land value during a feasibility analysis of transportation projects into account, may lead to the consideration of other alternative plans, which may prevent the excessive use of land.     

Impact of land tenure on land use in low-income countries

The role of land tenure in agricultural development has been a subject of intensive research, particularly within the context of land and agrarian reform. The complexity of the world's major land tenure systems is well recognized and no attempt is made here to go beyond an overview as this paper limits itself to the impact of land tenure on land use in low income situations. Present land use is determined by a host of factors, of a physical/biological and socioeconomic nature. In applying land evaluation, the question it is necessary to ask is to what extent, when and where land tenure conditions act as a considerable constraining factor impeding a more optimal use of land resources. Even in what used to be low-population density areas (such as Sub-Saharan Africa) it appears that the frontier phase is becoming exhausted and the intensification of agriculture proceeds; it becomes imperative to examine land tenure in relation to land use implications. It is shown that so far a multi-disciplinary approach has often been lacking in treating land tenure and related issues.     

土地利用规划中土地利用空间结构和布局研究进展

土地利用空间结构和布局是土地利用规划工作中的关键所在,是决定土地利用规划是否科学合理的重要步骤;开展土地利用空间结构和布局优化研究有利于促进土地资源利用的集约高效,有利于新一轮的土地利用规划修编的编制和实施;综述了目前我国土地利用空间布局相关理论的研究进展,回顾了土地利用空间布局所采取的主要技术和手段,对我国土地利用空间结构和布局研究进行了展望;研究表明：我国土地利用空间布局理论研究有了长足进展,但还未形成严密的科学理论体系;在研究视角上,多注重耕地和基本农田保护,在“统筹兼顾”“以人为本”“理性发展”等方面应加强;在研究方法上,应加强现代数学模型与计算机空间模拟等方法在土地利用规划布局中的应用研究,加强参与式土地利用规划理论和方法研究,与传统的规划研究方法和手段相结合,形成客观、准确、科学的土地利用规划技术体系。     

Factors affecting municipal land use cooperation

This paper evaluates the factors affecting voluntary municipal land use cooperation in Michigan where neither substantial mandates nor incentives for such cooperation exist. Cooperation is conceptualized as the formality of land use cooperation. This paper uses quantitative data obtained through surveys of chief elected officials and finds that the extent of internal municipal support for cooperation, whether elected officials anticipate benefits from cooperation, and the effectiveness of regional institutions at providing supportive services for cooperation have positive impacts on the formality of land use cooperation. The amount of cooperation on services and a regional cooperative culture impact the formality of land use cooperation negatively.     

内江市城市土地可持续利用评价

随着经济的发展,城市化水平的不断提高,城市土地的可持续利用已变得十分重要.,本文从资源环境、经济、社会3个方面构建了适合内江市土地可持续利用的评价指标体系,对内江市2008年城市土地可持续利用状况进行了综合评价,并运用灰色系统预测模型GM(1,1)对内江市未来三年土地可持续利用进行预测.针对内江市土地利用目前仍处于基本...     

State of national land survey and large-scale mapping

There is still a dearth of appropriate and adequate land survey and large-scale mapping coverage in many countries to facilitate more effective land-related planning, development and management. This situation, in relative terms, applies to both developed and developing countries. Fortuitously, technology is now available and accessible to expand land surveys and the production of large-scale maps at the scales required to support planning and sustainable land development and management. What is now required is official public policy recognition, the attribution of a higher level of priority to this issue, and the allocation of adequate resources to implement an expanded production programme of large-scale maps of cities, towns and villages to facilitate more appropriate settlements and other related land development planning.     

城市化进程中土地持续利用评价指标体系研究

研究目的:建立科学的指标体系,评价城市化进程中土地持续利用实现的程度.研究方法:文献资料法和演绎法.研究结果:城市化进程中土地持续利用的目标可归结为耕地保护、用地结构优化和土地生态优化,可具体从粮食安全、城市体系合理性、城镇用地规模合理性、城镇内部用地合理性以及土地生态系统等几方面进行评价指标体系的构建.研究结论:上述指标体系是科学评价城市化进程中土地持续利用实现程度的工具.     

土地"征收""征用"之我见--对《宪法》修正案征地制度修改的思考

今 年 3月 14日 公 布 施 行 并 生 效 的 《宪 法 》 修 正 案 , 将原 《宪 法 》第 十条 第 三 款 “国 家 为 了 公共 利 益 的 需要 , 可 以依 照 法 律 规 定 对 土 地 实 行 征 用 ”, 修 改 为 : “国 家 为 了 公 共利 益的 需 要, 可以 依 照 法 律规 定 对 土 地实 行 征 收 或者 征 用 并给 予 补 偿 。” 这 一 修 改 , 将 不 仅 直 接 导 致 《土 地 管 理 法 》 的修 改, 同 时, 对完 善 我 国 的征 地 制 度 ,切 实 维 护 土地 所 有 者或 使用 者 的权 益, 逐 渐 实 现集 体 土 地 所有 权 主 体 地位 , 进 一步 构建 公 平…     

Rural land ownership in the United Kingdom: Changing patterns and future possibilities for land use

The broad pattern of rural land ownership exhibits quite modest change over the past 30 years, but this impression is misleading. It understates substantial changes in property rights, evidence of which is not readily available from published statistics. These changes reflect the growing urbanisation of the countryside, which has required owners to pay more attention to consumption interests, sometimes at the expense of traditional agricultural and forestry interests, which in turn have experienced mixed fortunes. Rural land is expected to supply, and is increasingly valued in terms of, multiple goods and services.Major trends in ownership, occupancy and land prices are reviewed, noting that the divisibility and flexibility of the bundle of rights which constitute ownership have allowed holders to respond to urban pressures and farming difficulties with practices including short-term leasing, contracting, supplying life-style residential properties and accommodating increased environmental regulation. But linking land use to land ownership type is difficult, not least because there are many other drivers of land-use change. Moreover, local and individual circumstances are now more significant than in the past, not least the ageing occupational structure of farming. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of some of the political, economic and environmental drivers that may affect future land ownership patterns.     

浅议农用地分等成果在第二次土地调查中的应用

将农用地分等成果应用到第二次土地调查中,可对土地条件调查进行探索;土地数量与土地质量信息的结合,为土地利用总体规划修编、基本农田划定、占补平衡管理、土地开发整理规划、土地整理项目后评价等提供技术支持,进而实现土地数量与质量管理并重.     

Farmer-specific relationships between land use change and landscape factors: Introducing agents in empirical land use modelling

Traditional empirical land use change models generally assume one average land use decision-maker. Multi-Agent System (MAS) models, on the other hand, acknowledge existence of different types of agents, but their poor empirical embedding remains a serious handicap. This paper demonstrates how agent information can also be incorporated into empirical, biophysical land use models.     

Associating land use/cover information with land parcels represented in LADM

LADM design requires the association of external land use/cover information with cadastral land parcels. In addition to model design, related specifications are to be defined in the implementation. Yet, there are many severe obstacles against defining such specifications that are applicable to all cases. In this context, there are many different types of land use/cover classification systems for different purposes in different data quality, scale and content, which are either designed internationally or nationally. FAO Land Cover Classification System (LCCS), CORINE land cover, INSPIRE land use/cover themes, land use capability classification and Land Parcel Identification System (LPIS) are common international examples.In this study, management of spatial land use/cover data in association with cadastral land parcels represented by LADM was studied in a pilot study area in Turkey. In this context, association of spatial information as sub-divisions of land parcels (sub-parcels) was studied. Different land use/cover data sets (four types) were specifically produced for this study with an LPIS like digitization method. For the association, special overlay operations with and without predefined XY tolerances were carried out. Effects of similar yet different data sets, spatial data consistency between the produced sub-parcel data sets and land parcels, and also errors were analyzed based on the results. It is found (1) that the level of detail (base production scale) of external land use/cover data set increases spatial association errors, (2) that using XY tolerances to reduce these errors causes data inconsistency and (3) that direct spatial harmonization of two data set may be a robust solution when it is possible. In this context, in order to contribute to the implementation of LADM in terms of spatial association of land parcels and external land use/cover data, together with these data processing and analysis work, LADM modelling abstraction, availability and data quality issues of external land use/cover data, updating and maintenance issues were also discussed.     

区域土地利用生态安全研究进展

土地利用生态安全已经成为土地资源可持续利用研究的热点课题.文章综述了土地利用生态安全的概念、特点(整体性、区域性、动态性、不可逆性)、研究现状及其应用,然后提出区域土地利用生态安全在研究方法、评价标准和应用领域等方面的展望.