中国能源金融理论的构建设想及其展望

一、能源金融研究的理论基础 1、能源经济学 能源经济学是用经济学的观点,研究能源的经济性质及其作用,探讨能源在人类社会物质生产和生活中的作用方式及其规律.能源金融更加突出能源的资产属性,它在考察能源可持续发展的前提下,注重将金融理论的成果应用在能源领域,从而深化了能源经济学原有的研究内容.同时,能源金融不局限于能源经济学的研究内容,它还关注能源价格的波动作为宏观经济变量对股市的影响、能源的风险管理等.可以说能源金融是能源经济学发展的高级阶段,是对能源经济学的补充和扩展.     

评阿玛蒂亚·森的思想:自由、贫困和饥荒

本文简单评述了阿玛蒂亚·森的经济学思想。本文认为,森的经济治理理论建立在其对"自由"的定义基础之上,这种实质上的自由构成了森对"贫困"和"饥荒"的认识。而森的治理思想则更接近于制度主义学派的治理理念,森不仅关注制度层面的治理思想而且关注价值观等"非正式制度"的治理思想。     

科学发展观与我国生态经济学的发展

20多年来我国生态经济学取得了长足的发展,但以往主要是从生产的角度进行研究.为推进生态经济学的研究与应用,在研究框架设计上,应该全面分析我国社会经济活动对生态环境的影响及其作用途径;研究内容的重点是从生产的角度研究生产活动的生态影响,进行生态补偿研究;在研究方法上,应结合生产领域和消费领域的研究进行研究方法的大胆借鉴.     

发展经济学的学派划分及其研究方法

在对经济学界关于经济学学派划分标准进行阐述的基础上,归纳分析了国内外学者关于发展经济学流派的划分观点.学者们普遍接受将发展经济学划分为结构主义经济发展思路、新古典主义经济发展思路、新古典政治经济学思路和激进主义经济发展思路.本文对上述四种思路的研究方法进行了分析,并明确指出上述几种思路研究方法分歧的本质,即“单一经济学”和“双元经济学”之争、发展中国家经济发展的“内因”与“外因”之争、对经济发展进行“纯经济研究”还是进行“社会经济系统研究”之争.     

从高校与社会支持方面谈我国经济学创新型人才的培养

在高校经济学专业教学中,推动经济学专业学生创新意识以及创新能力的提高,不仅是推动经济学教育适应知识经济时代发展的需求,同时也是推动我国经济学学科发展的有效途径,因此,对我国经济学创新型人才的培养做出研究具有着重要的现实意义.本文以提高我国经济学专业学生创新意识与创新能力为出发点,从高校以及社会两个方面对我国经济学创新型人才的培养策略做出了研究与探讨.     

经济学研究中的短期行为

当前我国经济学研究中存在明显的短期行为。这不仅不利于经济研究的深入发展,而且对社会经济决策者行为短期化产生一定影响。(一) 研究的选题紧紧追随政府和执政者主观偏好转圈子,将百家争鸣的学术论坛.变成政策的注解与宣传园地,大大弱化了经济学研究求是创新的活力。     

证券市场犯罪现象分析

犯罪经济学与"证券犯罪" 根据犯罪经济学的观点,"犯罪"可以看做是一种重要活动或者产业.不妨把犯罪行为与其他经济行为如消费、生产等等同起来,在犯罪现象中也存在成本收益及最优状态等典型的经济学问题,同时可以把惩罚看成是与犯罪行为相辅相成的产物,从经济学上看它是社会的一种产出,惩罚所需费用也就是社会实施惩罚行为所付的成本,惩罚收益也就是它能在多大程度上制止及预防犯罪,两者结合在一起构成了犯罪和惩罚的社会总成本和社会总收益.     

试论教育经济学研究方法的多样化——基于教育经济学学科性质的分析视角

教育经济学是建立在教育学与经济学学术借鉴基础之上的一门交叉学科,它揭示了教育与经济发展之间的密切关系.对于教育经济学学科性质认识的不同,反映出人们对其研究对象存在认识上的差异,而对研究对象的不同认识必然会影响研究方法的选择.教育经济学作为一门新兴的边缘学科,具有多学科交叉的属性,这一属性决定了其研究方法的多样性.教育经济学研究不能局限于实证研究和数学、统计等方法,而应倡导研究方法的多元化.     

如何正确发挥数学在经济研究中的作用

数学是研究现实世界数量关系与空间形式的学科,经济学是研究社会资源配置及社会经济关系的学科.由于资源存量与流量的可度量性,为了使资源配置更加公平、效率更高,经济学有必要借助数学这一严密、精确、实用的思维工具.基于此,现代经济学越来越重视运用数学方法来解释和解决经济问题.数学的运用也提升了人们对经济学科学性的认同.自1969年颁发诺贝尔经济学奖以来,诺贝尔经济学奖得主的成果大都是运用数学的思想和方法研究经济问题的结晶.     

浅谈低碳经济背景下的绿色会计

绿色会计,是一门站在环境测评的角度研究企业财务影响的绿色经济学.它将会计与环境经济学相挂钩,通过协调生存环境与社会经济发展中所存在的矛盾,以求共赢的局面.本文通过对低碳经济背景下的绿色会计诞生意义、发展现状及现今存在问题的进行分析,提出了推动绿色会计发展的相关对策,以令其在我国快速发展,减轻环境污染,促进社会效益和经济效益的不断提升.     

Debt and Taxes and Uncertainty

With a graduated personal tax schedule, Miller showed that there could be an equilibrium debt supply for the corporate sector as a whole. In the presence of uncertainty there is also a unique debt/equity ratio for each individual firm, and this ratio is related to the firm's operational risk characteristics. However, if firms merge and spin off in response to tax incentives, the identity of firms is ambiguous and only the corporate sector is a meaningful construct. These arguments are developed in both discrete and continuous models that employ extensions of the arbitrage-free pricing theory.     

教育与资本怎样的前景怎样的现实

来自政府的声音: "动员各种社会资源,发展教育" 此次论坛上财政部长助理张少春的发言是最受关注的发言之一.他的演讲传达出的信息有这样几方面:第一,谈到现实,他认为全社会对教育的巨大需求与我国公共投入不足已成为我国教育事业发展的突出矛盾.近年来,以公共部门投入为主,多渠道筹措教育经费的教育投入机制成为解决这一问题的重要途径,也使得公共部门与私营部门在教育领域的合作日益密切.第二,谈到前景,他认为,1.中国经济持续、快速的增长对高技能人才产生巨大的需求,这为私营部门的参与提供了广阔空间.2.随着公共财政职能的不断完善,财政资金将在各项教育事业中重新进行分配,进一步优化财政支出结构,提高资金的使用效率.在"十一五"期间,我国将把公共支出的重点转移到农村.我们将逐步把全体农村适龄儿童的义务教育全部纳入公共财政体制.     

Director gender and mergers and acquisitions

Does director gender influence CEO empire building? Does it affect the bid premium paid for target firms? Less overconfident female directors less overestimate merger gains. As a result, firms with female directors are less likely to make acquisitions and if they do, pay lower bid premia. Using acquisition bids by S&P 1500 companies during 1997–2009 we find that each additional female director is associated with 7.6% fewer bids, and each additional female director on a bidder board reduces the bid premium paid by 15.4%. Our findings support the notion that female directors help create shareholder value through their influence on acquisition decisions. We also discuss other possible interpretations of our findings.     

Political corruption and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between political corruption and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that local corruption increases firm acquisitiveness but decreases firm targetiveness. The levels of corruption in acquirer areas relate positively to the bid premiums and negatively to the likelihood of deal completion. Corruption motivates acquiring firms to use excess cash for payment, which mitigates the negative effect of corruption on acquirer shareholder value. The evidence indicates that acquisitions help acquiring firms convert cash into hard-to-extract assets and relocate assets from the high to low corruption areas, thereby shielding their liquid assets from expropriation by local officials.     

East and west and north and south : A preliminary model

The Brandt report and other proposals for a new North-South world order continue to be the focus of lively debate, yet it is often argued that little concrete has emerged from their recommendations. A major reason for this, the author argues, is that the East-West conflict component is not sufficiently taken into consideration-East-West tensions are a severe constraint on and a determining factor of North-South relations. Using influence diagrams, the author develops a flexible framework for discussion and assessment of N/S-E/W relations.     

Trust and cross-border mergers and acquisitions

A number of studies suggest that social trust matters for investment. Using different measures of trust from World Values Survey, we show that countries where people display higher levels of trust engage in more cross-border M&A activities. When they do, these acquirers pay lower premiums. To the extent that these acquirers also tend to engage in larger acquisitions as well, our findings suggest that a larger selection pool of potential targets and higher value targets enable these acquirers to negotiate for lower premiums. We do not find evidence of the significant effect for target country trust levels. Hence, trust may benefit those acquiring firms in cross-border transactions.     

Tournament-based incentives and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between tournament-based incentives, which are proxied by the difference between a firm's CEO pay and the median pay of the senior managers, and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that tournament-based incentives are positively related to firm acquisitiveness and acquiring firms' stock and operating performance. Further analysis indicates that positive acquisition performance increases the likelihood of the CEO being promoted from inside the acquiring firm. Our evidence is consistent with the view that tournament-based incentives motivate acquiring firms' managers to make greater efforts and take more risk that result in superior acquisition performance.     

Corporate Innovations and Mergers and Acquisitions

Using a large and unique patent‐merger data set over the period 1984 to 2006, we show that companies with large patent portfolios and low R&D expenses are acquirers, while companies with high R&D expenses and slow growth in patent output are targets. Further, technological overlap between firm pairs has a positive effect on transaction incidence, and this effect is reduced for firm pairs that overlap in product markets. We also show that acquirers with prior technological linkage to their target firms produce more patents afterwards. We conclude that synergies obtained from combining innovation capabilities are important drivers of acquisitions.