Macroeconomic policy cooperation and the G20

Has the G20 achieved its goals in macroeconomic cooperation since 2008? The paper organises the G20's efforts under five themes: macroeconomic stimulus, fiscal consolidation, monetary policy, the global financial safety net and global imbalances. The G20 was initially successful in each of these areas, but this success was short‐lived. While the G20 met its goals on macroeconomic stimulus, it has been less successful in reducing deficits and debt. While it was successful in increasing its resources, the global financial safety net remains too small, too fragmented and institutional reform is incomplete. While the G20 succeeded in moving to more market‐determined exchange rates and avoiding competitive devaluations, it struggled to avoid negative spillovers. Despite years of effort, the G20 has made limited progress in reducing global imbalances. Current account imbalances are creeping back to pre‐crisis levels. Public debt remains high and most economies are moving in the wrong direction in correcting imbalances in household savings and debt. The paper concludes that the G20 has done better in some areas than others. But to suggest the G20 is a forum in decline ignores its shift from reactive crisis response to longer‐term structural challenges outside of the pressing need of an immediate crisis.     

Audi Devoted to Fulfilling Social Responsibility

On September 13, world business and political leaders attended the opening ceremony of the fourth Summer Davos forum in Tianjin, to discuss how to keep the economic momentum and promote sustained growth two years after the financial crisis.     

Serbian President Vows to Boost Trade Ties with China

Serbian President Boris Tadic on August 20 pledged to promote economic and trade ties with China, welcoming Chinese invest-ment. Serbia wanted to maintain highlevel political ties with China and enhance economic exchanges and cooperation, said Tadic at a business forum held by the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade （CCPIT）.     

构建高效安全的国际货币体系

在金融业高度发达的今天,金融产品依靠国家信用形成毫无节制的供给能力,是全球经济危机产生的根源。构建高效安全的全球金融体系,是国际经济学界和各国政府共同的历史责任,当务之急是建立多元竞争的国际货币体系、国际储备货币监测预警制度和国际金融安全合作救助机制,形成保障国际金融安全的三道防护门。在这一过程中,G20应充分发挥作用,为建立高效安全的国际货币体系作出历史性贡献。     

基于价值链管理的集团公司资金控制

集团公司是我国国民经济发展的主导力量,而集团公司中母子公司均为独立法人主体的事实决定了母公司对子公司进行财务控制的困难性,这是集团公司面临的共同难题。本文论述了我国集团公司财务控制的有关问题,主要就以价值链为核心思想的集团公司资金控制作了详细论述。     

浅议集团公司财务管理中的问题及对策

随着目前我国市场经济体制的完善和发展,我国形成了一大批大型的集团公司.集团公司能否顺利的成长,不断地发展壮大很大程度上取决于集团管理,而集团管理的核心环节就是财务管理,有效地强化集团财务管理能够促进集团公司获取最大的经济利益,为集团公司的可持续发展提供保障.因此,在当前的经济形势下,如何对集团总部和分部的财务妥善定位,加强子公司间的战略协同度,促进产业升级,提高集团整体效益,已经成为急需解决的问题.本文就集团公司财务管理中的问题进行了分析,并在此基础上提出了一些加强集团公司财务管理的对策.     

Which Dimension of Corporate Social Responsibility is a Value Driver in the Oil and Gas Industry?

The oil and gas (O&G) industry suffers from a negative perception of poor sustainability. O&G companies are therefore engaged in several socially sustainable activities related to community development and environmental protection. This article determines whether the social, environmental, and economic dimensions of corporate social responsibility (CSR) are equally value‐additive to O&G companies. We measure the company‐specific level of CSR activities from the information provided in the annual financial reports of O&G companies and determine the effects of CSR dimensions on firm value. We find that CSR enhances firm value of O&G companies. While social activities such as employee well‐being and community development are key value‐drivers, environmental and economic sustainable activities have an insignificant impact on the market value of O&G companies. Copyright © 2018 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd     

企业内部知识市场及其要素研究

很多企业认识到企业的效益和成长性越来越依赖于员工的知识和技能,而知识管理为企业解决知识层面的问题提供了有价值的方法。知识管理的重要应用之一就是企业内部知识市场。依据企业内部知识市场的概念,重点研究知识产品、价格体系、市场参与者和运营平台的四大要素,同时通过一个在线论坛知识市场应用案例,为企业知识市场的构建项目提供参考建议。     

Consumption smoothing,risk sharing and financial integration

Theories indicate that financial integration should allow economies to better share risk and thus improve consumption smoothing. We construct two widely used price‐based measures of financial integration (i.e., the standard correlation and the adjusted R‐squared) and test whether consumption volatility declines as international equity markets become more integrated. Pooled and panel estimates for three different groups of countries (i.e., G7, G20 and EU) provide no significant evidence of improved consumption smoothing as financial integration rises. This evidence is supported by a battery of robustness checks and holds over time. Taken together, our results suggest that convergence in international equity prices does not necessarily represent the channel through which risk‐sharing opportunities arise or consumption smoothing improves.     

How successful is the G7 in managing exchange rates?

The paper assesses the extent to which the Group of Seven (G7) has been successful in its management of major currencies since the 1970s. Using an event-study approach, the paper finds evidence that the G7 has been overall effective in moving the US dollar, yen and euro in the intended direction at horizons of up to three months after G7 meetings, but not at longer horizons. While the success of the G7 is partly dependent on the market environment, it is also to a significant degree endogenous to the policy process itself. In particular the reputation and credibility of the G7, as well as its ability to communicate a consensus among individual G7 members, are important determinants for the G7's ability to manage major currencies. The paper concludes by analyzing the factors that help the G7 build reputation and consensus, and by discussing the implications for global economic governance.     

China-Ukraine Ties up Economic Cooperation on Local Layers

On August 26,China—Ukraine Local Cooperation Forum,jointly sponsored by CCPIT and Ukraine Chamber of Commerce and Industry(UCCI)was held in Kiev,Ukraine.The subject of this forum was strengthening the cooperation and coordination between the sub—councils of CCPIT and local branches of UCCI to promote the economic and wade cooperation of the SMEs in the two countries."More than 200 delegates from the governments,business associations and enterprises of the countries attended the forum.     

Global financial conditions,country spreads and macroeconomic fluctuations in emerging countries

This paper uses a panel structural vector autoregressive (VAR) model to investigate the extent to which global financial conditions, i.e., a global risk-free interest rate and global financial risk, and country spreads contribute to macroeconomic fluctuations in emerging countries. The main findings are: (1) global financial risk shocks explain about 20% of movements both in the country spread and in the aggregate activity in emerging economies. (2) The contribution of global risk-free interest rate shocks to macroeconomic fluctuations in emerging economies is negligible. Its role, which was emphasized in the literature, is taken up by global financial risk shocks. (3) Country spread shocks explain about 15 percent of the business cycles in emerging economies. (4) Interdependence between economic activity and the country spread is a key mechanism through which global financial shocks are transmitted to emerging economies.     

Financial Literacy and Retirement Preparedness: Evidence and Implications for Financial Education

Economists are beginning to investigate the causes and consequences of financial illiteracy to better understand why retirement planning is lacking and why so many households arrive close to retirement with little or no wealth. Our review reveals that many households are unfamiliar with even the most basic economic concepts needed to make saving and investment decisions. Such financial illiteracy is widespread: the young and older people in the United States and other countries appear woefully under-informed about basic financial concepts, with serious implications for saving, retirement planning, mortgages, and other decisions. In response, governments and several nonprofit organizations have undertaken initiatives to enhance financial literacy. The experience of other countries, including a saving campaign in Japan as well as the Swedish pension privatization program, offers insights into possible roles for financial literacy and saving programs. JEL Classification A2, G2     

The Competitiveness of European Financial Markets

The countries that together make up the euro area are undergoing a process of far-reaching change, with established national financial markets merging into one new European market accompanied by deregulation, cross-border consolidation, and increased competition within the euro area. These developments will help to increase longterm economic growth and will have a strong bearing on the international competitiveness of the European financial sector, leading to innovation and modernisation. This paper presents the underlying rationale of financial integration and increased competitiveness of European financial markets and provides a snapshot of where financial integration has been successful and where work is ongoing. It also notes important historical experiences of U.S. financial integration. It concludes by highlighting the role and recent activities of the European Central Bank and the Eurosystem in promoting and enhancing further financial integration. JEL Classification F15, G15     

Kapitalmarktunion — bisher hohe Persistenz der Finanzsysteme

In 2015, the European Commission announced that it would push to create a European wide capital market union to support economic growth and financial stability in Europe. The agenda of the EU Commission is ambitious, because the success of such a plan would transform the European financial systems, most of which are still much more reliant on banks than on financial markets, as opposed to the US, for example. A cluster analysis shows, however, that national financial systems are resistant to change, which can only be implemented in the long run. Nevertheless, the past 20 years have seen financial markets gaining more importance for all economies.     

Business ethics and a state–owned enterprise in China

Since China's Reform Era began in 1979, corporations of all shapes and sizes mushroomed in the economic landscape. Among these companies, a few have distinguished themselves by their unique corporate cultures and financial performance. The Chinese state–owned enterprises (SOEs) are notorious for their inefficiency, conservatism, bloated bureaucracy, and obsoleteness. However, a few good SOEs stand out as corporations of excellence with commitment to business ethics. Very little study has been done on SOE corporate cultures and business ethics, especially in the western literature. This paper provides an insight into one such organisation – the Double Star Group of Qingdao. This paper includes the results of an empirical survey on Double Star's employees' perception of its corporate culture and business ethics.     

Financial deregulation and integration: an Australian perspective

Many countries in recent years have progressively removed economic and financial barriers and this process has provided easier access to their capital markets. Further, such liberalization measures can impact upon the risk-return relationship between assets. This paper investigates whether the Australian stock market is segmented from or integrated into the world equity market. The aim is to ascertain if the liberalization undertaken in the Australian economy, in the form of financial deregulation in the early 1980s, has resulted in its integration with the world equity market. Consistent with expectations, we find evidence that the stock market was segmented in the pre-deregulation period but integrated following financial deregulation. The hypothesis that industry factors may impact upon integration could not be supported.Keywords: Australia; Deregulation; IntegrationJEL classification: F36; G12; G15     

金融发展应成为构建“十一五”经济发展机制的核心内容

在中国这样具有发展中和转轨中双重特征的国家，经济发展机制具有更加重要的意义。改革开放以来我国东南沿海地区的经验表明，形成良好的金融支持体系对于经济发展尤其是内生性经济发展至关重要。目前全国大部分地区金融发展滞后已经成为制约经济发展的重要因素，“十一五”时期，应该把金融发展和金融体系创新提上重要日程，作为构建经济发展机制的关键和核心内容。制定明确有序的金融发展规划，全面深化金融体制发展与改革，积极重建地方性金融服务体系，改变金融发展滞后对经济发展的不利影响，创造良好的经济发展环境和机制。     

Financial services spillover effects on informal economic activity: evidence from a panel of 20 European countries

ABSTRACT

This study aims to investigate the spillover effects of the financial services sector development on the size of informal economic activity in the case of the European Union (EU) countries. The results from panel data analysis show that there exists an inverted U-shaped relationship between financial services and informal economic activity in the EU; that is, at the initial levels of the financial development, the reaction of informal economic activity is positive while it becomes negative at the further stages of the financial development in the EU. Thus, this study finds that financial services sector is a major contributor to changes in the volume of informal economic activity in the EU countries.     

新疆经济增长与金融支持的实证研究

经济增长与金融发展相互制约、相互促进。经济增长对金融发展起着决定性推动作用，而金融发展也反过来作用于经济增长，金融资源数量的多少及效率配置的高低制约着经济增长的快慢程度。以新疆的金融支持为研究对象，通过借助金融发展的衡量指标来验证新疆经济增长和金融支持之间的关系，并在此基础上建立影响经济增长的回归模型，实证分析结论表明新疆金融发展没有对经济增长起到显著的支持作用，其原因在于新疆金融发展难以有效积累资本以及投资效率低下。为此，应积极推进新疆金融体制改革，实行倾斜性金融政策，加大财政支持力度，调整产业结构，加快所有制结构改革。