董事会特征与企业自愿信息披露

董事会作为公司治理结构的重要组成部分,是公司内部重要的决策机构,不同董事会特征对自愿信息披露的影响程度不同.本文对董事会特征与上市公司自愿信息披露水平之间的相关关系进行了实证研究.研究结果表明,董事会规模、董事会中独立董事的比例、独立董事亲自参加董事会的频率、董事会会议频率等都与自愿信息披露水平显著正相关,而董事长与CEO是否两职合一、董事会成员持股比例与自愿信息披露水平相关关系不明显.     

董事会特征与企业现金持有水平的实证研究

利用我国2002-2006年上市公司的会计数据和公司治理数据,从董事会特征的视角出发,实证研究了董事长与总经理两职兼任情况、女性董事比率、董事会规模、独立董事比率、董事持股比率、董事会会议次数与现金持有水平的相关关系。结果表明:董事持股比率、独立董事比率、两职兼任情况、女性董事比率、董事会规模与企业现金持有水平显著正相关;董事会会议次数与现金持有水平显著负相关。     

Social Capital and Social Influence on the Board of Directors

It is often assumed that directors with human capital such as prior management experience or independence from the company are the most influential board members. By contrast, in a survey of all the board members in 14 companies we found that ties to others in a network of strong ties among those who meet outside of board meetings were more important predictors of social influence than human capital or ties across boards. These ties within the board represent the social capital of members in the form of prior relationships with other directors, ties to others on the board, and membership in cliques within the board's network of ties. These results support a social capital perspective on influence that emphasizes relationships with others on the board as important factors in the social dynamics of board decision-making.     

What have we learnt about board gender diversity as a business strategy? The appointment of board subcommittees

This paper explores whether a board's gender diversity influences the voluntary formation of its board subcommittees. Female board directorship may become a business strategy for firms if it affects the appointment of board subcommittees. We hypothesize that the voluntary creation of board subcommittees is affected by the presence of female directors on boards; the presence of independent, executive, and institutional female directors; and the proportion of shares held by female directors on boards. Board gender diversity has been measured as a proportion and with Blau's index. The results show that independent female directors are positively associated with the likelihood of voluntarily setting up all or some of the committees and a supervision and control committee. The presence of executive female directors negatively influences the probability of forming all or some of the committees, an executive committee and a supervision and control committee. The percentage of shares held by female directors has a positive effect on the voluntary creation of an executive committee. The findings also report that women directors and institutional female directors do not contribute to the voluntary creation of board subcommittees. Our evidence shows that female board directorship impacts the demand of internal control mechanisms such as board subcommittees, suggesting that firms should take it into account as a business strategy. The main implications derived from this research are relevant for Spanish policymakers and researchers because board gender diversity may play a significant role in the decision‐making processes of firms and may influence firms' outcomes.     

董事会非正式层级与企业金融化

近年来，实体企业金融化逐渐成为理论界和实务界研究的焦点。从董事会非正式层级的研究视角切入，以2009—2020年我国沪深A股上市企业为研究样本，探讨了董事会非正式层级对企业金融化的影响。研究发现：（1）董事会非正式层级清晰度对企业金融化具有显著的促进作用；（2）董事长非正式层级和市场化水平能正向调节两者之间的关系；（3）通过区分董事会非正式层级不同类型，发现相较于媒体声望差异，社会资本差异形成的非正式层级对金融化的影响更为明显，而基于政治资本差异形成的非正式层级对金融化不存在显著影响；董事会非正式层级仅对短期金融化存在显著正向影响；（4）从影响后果来看，董事会非正式层级导致的金融化显著提高了企业绩效，缓解了融资约束。研究有助于深入探讨微观企业金融化的成因，对企业优化董事会治理、防范金融风险均具有启示作用，也为政府部门加强监管提供了一定的参考价值。     

现代企业管理战略管理的创新方法研究

本文首先分析了传统管理的弊病,认为,我国企业管理创新需要从理念和方法上作出调整,并提出了管理创新的一些对策方法。这些对策方法包括企业文化整合,组织结构扁平化,绩效管理,累进式管理决策等。     

我国上市公司董事会特征与公司财务风险关系的实证研究

公司董事会特征对财务风险的形成有重要影响作用。文章选取沪、深两市1112家上市公司2007-2009年数据为样本,针对我国上市公司董事会特征对公司财务风险的影响进行实证研究,结果表明:董事会规模、董事长与总经理两职分离程度、董事长期薪酬与财务风险呈显著负相关关系;独立董事比例、董事短期薪酬与公司财务风险呈显著正相关关系;董事会会议频率与财务风险不相关。     

Should Directors Have Term Limits? – Evidence from Corporate Innovation

This paper examines the effect that directors with extended tenure have on corporate innovation based on a sample of US firms from 1996 to 2006. Using the propensity-score matched-pair research design, I find that firms with a higher portion of outside directors enjoying extended tenure produce significantly fewer patents and that these patents receive fewer subsequent citations. These firms also have lower research and development (R&D) productivity and exploration intensity than their matched control firms, although I found no significant difference in their R&D investment intensity. Difference-in-differences tests based on director deaths and regulatory changes in the early 2000s suggest that the adverse effect of long director tenure on innovation performance is causal. I also find that the effect is mitigated when long-tenured directors have more years of overlap in service with CEOs, and when long-tenured directors are executives at other firms. Finally, I find that boards with extended tenure attenuate the contributions of innovation outputs to future firm value and performance. These findings shed new light on the debate over length of board tenure and provide another justification for imposing term limits on directors.     

Gender and management on Spanish SMEs: an empirical analysis

Few studies have investigated the presence of women on the boards of directors of companies. Those that have been done have focused on large firms. In this study we analyzed the gender diversity of a sample of Spanish small and medium enterprises. These firms are of great importance in terms of their number, the employment they provide, and their sales. Furthermore, there is an open debate in Spain about gender equality after the passing of several laws against gender discrimination. We found that women's presence on boards generates a negative impact on firm performance and this result may be due to less risky strategies implemented by women directors. This finding is interesting because it sheds light on how women can affect the functioning of a board. We also found that family firms and firms with a financial institution as the main shareholder tend to have more women on the board. Finally, we show that firms with less debt, more assets, and larger boards have more women as directors.     

Outside Directors on Korean Boards: Governance and Institutions

Drawing on institutional theory, this study examines the factors that pressured Korean firms to appoint outside directors to their boards. While this practice could be considered to be a management innovation in Korea, in the Anglo‐American corporate governance system it has long been used as one of several mechanisms to mitigate agency costs between management and shareholders. As such, this response by Korean firms, following the 1997–98 currency crisis in Asia, could be seen as an example of corporate governance convergence on the Anglo‐American model, where higher levels of outside director representation on the board are the norm. We examine the antecedents of having a higher proportion of outside directors on Korean boards. Our findings indicate that larger firms that are under stricter control by the government have higher representation of outside directors on the board. We also find a positive and significant relationship between the proportion of outside directors and business group affiliation, poor prior firm performance, higher levels of debt and foreign ownership.     

Too busy to show up? An analysis of directors’ absences

This study contributes to the debate on the benefits and costs of multiple directorships by investigating the impact of multiple directorships on board meeting attendance. Individuals with multiple board seats (or “busy” directors) exhibit a higher tendency to be absent from board meetings. The results are robust even after controlling for firm-specific characteristics, board of directors structure and endogeneity. Furthermore, our results do not support the hypothesis that directors with higher ownership stakes are more motivated to attend board meetings. Monetary inducements such as board meeting fees and annual director retainers do not appear to enhance attendance. Finally, the enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) appears to have a material impact on board attendance.     

董事会构成与财务报告舞弊问题研究

本文收集了1999年至2003年因财务报告舞弊而被证监会处罚的上市公司的数据作为样本进行研究,通过统计分析发现,内部人控制现象严重、董事会构成不合理、监事会形同虚设、董事长与总经理两职重合都是近年来财务造假公司的重要特征。进而指出提高会计信息质量,防止财务报告舞弊,须从完善内部治理机制尤其是董事会构成做起。     

Life cycle management: Integrated approach towards corporate environmental issues

An integrated approach towards environmental management, the concept of life cycle management, is presented. Life cycle management consists of three parts: (i) integrating environmental issues into the decision-making process of the company; (ii) optimizing the environmental impact caused by the product system during its life cycle; and (iii) creating a new organizational culture to support the decision-making process. The concept was developed during the compilation of an environmental management handbook for Finnish industry. The model combines a market-oriented environmental management approach, a circular value chains approach and an organizational culture approach.     

浅谈国有企业如何实现管理创新

从管理理念的创新、决策管理的创新、战略管理的创新、组织结构的创新以及人本管理的创新等方面出发,分析国有企业如何实现管理创新。     

Integrated risk management and product innovation in China: The moderating role of board of directors

This study explored the role of the board of directors in the relationship between integrated risk management and product innovation. We focused on a board's direct involvement in risk oversight and its use of external audit in risk oversight, and examined their moderating effects on the relationship between integrated risk management and product innovation. Panel data from a survey of 1178 Chinese firms was analyzed to test the hypotheses. A board's direct involvement in risk oversight was found to negatively moderate the positive relationship between integrated risk management and product innovation success. The use of external audit in risk oversight similarly weakens the relationship. These results show how an effective board contributes to the innovation benefits associated with risk management in product innovation. They also have important implications for emerging economy firms pursuing an integrated approach to risk management in product innovation.     

中国现代物流企业制度建立的问题及建议

结合我国物流企业改革发展的背景,说明了建立现代物流企业制度具有的重要意义;从产权、组织、管理三方面详细分析了我国物流企业制度建立的现状,并指出所存在的各种问题;阐明了制定现代物流企业制度的基本原则;并提出了包含股东或国家授权部门、董事会、监事会、经理层和企业员工几方面的现代物流企业基本框架;最后在物流企业产权制度的优化和加强经营组织管理方面给出了建议。     

Innovativeness and organizational innovation in total quality oriented firms: The moderating role of market turbulence

This paper analyses the contribution of TQM implementation to the firms’ innovative culture and their overall innovation effort in the technical and administrative organizational domains. The research seeks to contribute to a further understanding, under different market turbulence conditions, of the TQM–innovation relationship and the interactions between the organization's innovativeness and the intensity and newness of the innovations adopted. The findings indicate that TQM strongly influences firm's innovative culture and higher administrative innovation levels with a greater degree of incorporated novelty, whereas the mediating role of innovativeness is required for TQM to achieve this impact on technical innovation. These relationships significantly vary under different levels of market turbulence, but results reinforce the consideration of TQM as an appropriate resource to foster innovativeness and organizational innovation. The study provides an unexpected result as innovativeness does not influence administrative innovations, which seem to be ultimately determined by TQM. Finally, the findings provide empirical support regarding the coordinated development in practice of technical and administrative innovations.     

我国上市公司董事会模式研究

董事会是公司治理的核心层,董事会模式对上市公司的发展具有重要意义。文章讨论了我国上市公司的董事会模式及存在问题,并从提高董事会和监事会的运作效率方面提出改进董事会模式的建议与对策。     

Do independent,female and specialist directors promote eco-innovation and eco-design in agri-food firms?

Eco-innovation and eco-design strategies are associated with firms' innovation capabilities. Moreover, they may impact on access to public subsidies and on financial performance. In this respect, the agri-food industry is especially vulnerable, because in general, this sector has less experience of technological innovation, and managers are more likely to be averse to such projects. On the other hand, the board may promote a proactive environmental approach to defend the interests of investors and other stakeholders, taking the view that these strategies reduce the environmental impact of the firm's products and its production processes and are therefore beneficial. Our study aim is to identify the profile of directors who may be favourable to eco-design and eco-innovation strategies, focusing on the traits of independence, gender diversity and environmental specialisation. The results obtained, from a dependence model based on panel data supplied by 321 agri-food companies for the period 2002–2017 (unbalanced panel data with 4878 observations), show that independent directors play a crucial role in implementing eco-innovation and eco-design projects. However, neither the diversity nor the specialisation of directors is a significant factor in this regard.     

Ambidextrous culture,contextual ambidexterity and new product innovations: The role of organizational slack and environmental factors

Contextual ambidexterity, defined as the simultaneous pursuit of alignment and adaptability at business unit, is linked to several organizational outcomes including improved performance and innovation outcomes. Extant research posits ambidextrous organizational culture as an important enabler to contextual ambidexterity but suffers from a lack of a well‐meaning scale for the same. In addition, there is very little understanding as to how tasking and facilitating environment can be on firms' endeavour for contextual ambidexterity and the outcomes thereof. Therefore, the current piece of research has twin objectives using two separate studies. First, to develop a scale for ambidextrous organizational culture construct and second, to analyse the role played by the external forces (munificence and dynamism) and internal slack resources on the relationships between ambidextrous organizational culture and contextual ambidexterity and between contextual ambidexterity and new product innovation outcomes through an empirical investigation in India. Using structural equation modelling on data from 414 respondents, we found environmental munificence to strengthen the relationships between ambidextrous organizational culture and contextual ambidexterity and between contextual ambidexterity and new product innovation outcomes. On the other hand, environmental dynamism had a dampening impact on these relationships. Our findings also suggest that for low slack organizations, dynamic and unmunificent environments magnified the negative impact on an organisation's ambidexterity efforts and new product innovation outcomes.