从出租屋看农民工市民化的困境

出租屋是农民工在打工地的主要居住方式。其基本特征是:大多数位于城乡结合部;大多数建在宅基地上;运作成本低廉,成为出租屋主财产性收入的重要来源;显著不同于国外的贫民窟;获得农民工较高的满意度。存在的主要问题是:政府对出租屋的规划管理具有滞后性;在法律上还没有承认出租屋的合法地位;对出租屋流动人口管理服务有待于进一步加强。有关的政策建议是:高度重视出租屋的地位和作用;加强对农民工居住的出租屋的研究,建立健全有关法律法规;科学制定城镇规划;加快宅基地、农村集体建设用地改革步伐;保持"以屋管人"的连续性。     

城市农民工住房问题的研究综述

城市农民工住房问题是当前社会的热点问题,也是难点问题。本文从三个方面综述了近年来涉及到我国城市农民工住房问题的研究,得出一些共性的结论:1.城市农民工居住的现状:居住面积较小,居住环境较差,居住模式复杂且与家人同住比例持续上升,住房来源以租房为主,居住的区位主要在城乡结合部,住房的满意度出乎意料地高;2.影响城市农民工居住的重要因素主要有:缺少足够的经济来源,缺乏规划指导,住房市场不规范,法律制度不健全以及难以分享的住房政策;3.改善城市农民工住房的建议包括:将城市农民工纳入住房保障体系,加快城市外来人员集中居住区建设,加强住房市场和居住条件的管理,并提高城市农民工改善住房条件的能力。这些共性的结论对城市农民工住房的建设、改善、管理等工作的开展具有重要参考价值。     

浅议我国档案信息化建设

档案信息化建设有利于提升档案服务效能、创新档案工作模式。因此,我们要高度重视档案信息化建设。本文分析了我国档案信息化建设存在的问题,并针对这些问题,提出树立开放的档案服务意识、完善配套的技术标准与法律法规、加快档案信息安全建设、建立高水平的信息开发与管理队伍等多项保障措施。     

关于建立农民工“和谐管理”机制的几点建议

一、建立农民工登记制度,确认农民工的主体资格 1.输入地和输出地的公安机关同时对农民工进行网上登记,以及街道办事处对居住在本辖区内的农民工进行系统的户籍、档案、从业状态等管理登记,形成以“输入地管理为主,输入地和输出地协调配合的管理体制”,这样有利于为加强农民工管理和服务提供准确、及时的信息。     

政策信息(2003年1月)

国务院办公厅通知做好农民进城务工就业管理和服务工作为加强对农民进城务工就业的管理和服务，经国务院同意，国务院办公厅就有关问题通知各省、区、市人民政府和国务院各部委、各直属机构：1.进一步提高对做好农民进城务工就业管理和服务工作的认识。2.取消对农民进城务工就业的不合理限制。3.切实解决拖欠和克扣农民工工资问题。4.改善农民工的生产生活条件。5.做好农民工培训工作。6.多渠道安排农民工子女就学。7.加强对农民工的管理。国家计委等三部门联合发布《外债管理暂行办法》国家计委、财政部、国家外汇局联合发布了《外债管理暂…     

论出租屋管理

在我国加速城市化发展的现阶段 ,广州市及其周边地区出现许多出租屋 ,由此引发许多与出租屋有关的不良社会现象是不足为怪的。怎样正确认识出租屋及出租屋现象 ,加以公正、有效地管理 ,使我们的城市健康发展 ,使我们的国家和人民尽快顺利地走城市化道路。这是一个意义十分重大的问题。本文以广州为例 ,对出租屋的管理作一探讨。　　 一、出租屋的界定及其类别　　何谓出租屋 ?其内涵目前还没有一个准确的界定。景贤、郭艳华等学者认为出租屋是指除领取国家工商管理部门执照正式营业的宾馆、酒店、招待所以外 ,以营利为主要目的 ,租赁给社会…     

我国住房租赁市场发展思考

一、现行住房租赁政策存在的问题 1.有关住房租赁的法律法规立法层次低 关于住房租赁行为的法律依据,目前主要存在于《合同法》、《城市房地产管理法》以及《城市房屋租赁管理办法》中,此外是地方性法律法规,如《上海市居住房屋租赁管理实施办法》。总体而言,住房租赁立法层次低,没有专门的房屋租赁法,     

农民工公共卫生状况调查——以珠三角地区为例

以珠三角地区的625名农民工为研究对象,调查了农民工的公共卫生状况。调查结果显示,相当一部分农民工居住和工作环境不佳,没有医疗保险,存在着性伴侣不固定、性交时不使用安全套,对各种传染性疾病缺乏了解和防范知识及就业单位普遍不重视农民工职业病防范和工伤补助等问题。调查结果表明,农民工的公共卫生状况不容乐观,可能成为艾滋病、性病、职业病和肺结核等疾病爆发流行的高危人群。为此,企业必须转变管理观念,政府应当抛弃粗放的经济发展模式,转变政府职能,真正承担起为普通工人提供公共服务的责任。     

城市规划区规划控制问题研究

规划区是实施《城乡规划法》的法律特别授权区,合理规划是科学管理的前提,但当前规划区无论在范围划定、空间规划体系还是内容控制上都存在缺陷。首先分析了规划区的内涵、划定目的和作用,认为规划区存在空间规划体系不清、内容控制模糊、管理主体混乱、与土规内容难衔接、配套法律法规不健全等问题,并提出了规划区"不越位"的划定原则和规划全域覆盖、划分控制单元并层级细化土地用途的控制方法,同时提出设立专门的规划管理机构,制定配套法律法规等建议。     

浅谈深圳市保障性住房营运效益及资金管理

深圳市保障住房运营效益受供需不平衡、配套设施建设相对滞后等因素影响,致使城市保障性的安居工程建设发展缓慢。针对于深圳市保障住房运营实践问题,再结合我国保障住房运营中存在的各种问题,对这些问题的解决进行系统的、全面的分析,是提高深圳市保障性住房运营效益的有效策略。并着重对保障性住房资金管理问题进行分析,目的是进一步强化深圳市保障性住房建设、管理,确保城市中低收入人群居住条件的改善。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。     

浅谈大体积混凝土裂缝的控制

大体积混凝土的裂缝问题是实际工程中长期困扰工程技术人员的问题,其控制技术的研究是混凝土结构研究的热点问题,具有重大的学术价值和潜伏的工程背景。     

Export Composition and Manufacturing Employment in the US during the Economic Downturn of 1991-92

This paper examines the effect that export composition had upon manufacturing employment in the US during the 1991 recession. Although it takes, on average, approximately $66 000 in exports to create one job, the exact gains in terms of total employment depend upon the labour-intensity of the products being exported. Foreign sales by the chemical and textile industries result in a far greater increase in employment than exports by the petroleum refining or steel industries. This analysis estimates the employment effects of manufacturing exports over the 1989-95 period, utilizing an input-output model to capture both direct and indirect effects. The results demonstrate that export composition has, at times, both strengthened and reduced demand for labour. Consequently, if job-creation is a national goal, it may be in the interests of the US to promote exports from sectors that are labour-using.