市政道路施工协调管理措施探究

当前,工程施工中的交叉配合与协调工作经常处理不当,导致工程施工后期出现返工,延误工期,影响到市政道路的使用,严重的甚至还会带来质量问题和安全隐患,因此协调管理工作十分重要。文章阐述了市政道路工程施工中协调管理相关现状,分析了其重要意义,提出了市政道路施工中协调管理相关措施。     

CordNet: Toward a distributed behavior model for emergency response coordination

Existing studies of coordination theory in human networks have looked at coordination problems requiring stable working relationships with no environmental uncertainties. With emergency response management demanding distributed coordination in volatile situations, the designs of existing models are useful as a building block, yet flawed for application. We hypothesize that changes to interconnectedness of nodes in the network may have implications on the potential to coordinate. To test our hypotheses, we investigate survey data from state law enforcement, state emergency services, and local law enforcement by performing agency‐based (macro) and cross‐agency (micro) analysis to identify attributes of each network and coordination.     

快递路径优化模型研究

针对快件的揽收和递送环节,在给定服务水平下,采用路径成本最小和等待时间最短的目标,建立模型,研究其中的车辆路径问题。     

EMPIRICAL STUDIES OF GASOLINE RETAILING: A GUIDE TO THE LITERATURE

Abstract This paper surveys the empirical literature on gasoline retailing, which has been growing rapidly over the last three decades, possibly in response to antitrust and regulatory concerns and increased availability of pricing data. Studies of both pricing and non‐price decision variables are considered. In general, it is found that crude oil prices are the primary driver of national price movements over time. However, market structure has been identified as playing a role in price dynamics, equilibrium selection and price differentials across markets and stations. The economic literature emphasizes the importance of heterogeneity across stations and coordination problems faced by retailers. Several directions for future work are suggested, including the development of theory and demand estimation using high‐frequency station level data.     

On sooner and later waiting time distributions associated with simple patterns in a sequence of bivariate trials

In this article, we study sooner/later waiting time problems for simple patterns in a sequence of bivariate trials. The double generating functions of the sooner/later waiting times for the simple patterns are expressed in terms of the double generating functions of the numbers of occurrences of the simple patterns. Effective computational tools are developed for the evaluation of the waiting time distributions along with some examples. The results presented here provide perspectives on the waiting time problems arising from bivariate trials and extend a framework for studying the exact distributions of patterns. Finally, some examples are given in order to illustrate how our theoretical results are employed for the investigation of the waiting time problems for simple patterns.     

Exploring the Relationship Between Rework Projects and Risk Indicators

When projects fail to adequately meet requirements, organizations are forced to either abandon the project or to initiate a new project to address the original project requirements. Because the organization already has experience with and exposure to many project details, it is possible that the second attempt to address the original requirements (a rework project) will create different challenges for the project team. The purpose of this study was to examine risk indicators for rework projects and to determine whether or not risk indicators were the same or different for rework projects. A risk indicator is a factor that has predictive power about the likelihood of a risk occurring in the course of a project's life cycle. The projects studied for this research were undertaken by a large engineering design organization. The results show that there are some important differences in the types of risk indicators experienced by project managers and project teams in rework projects. Specifically, the risks associated with project urgency, quality, and technological changes were more common in rework projects. By understanding and attending to these differences in rework project risks, project managers will be better equipped to successfully guide rework projects to completion.     

Revenge Exacerbates the Effects of Interpersonal Problems on Mentors’ Emotional Exhaustion and Work‐Family Conflict: A Self‐Defeating Perspective

Drawing on conservation of resources theory, this study examined the link between negative mentoring experiences (i.e., interpersonal problems) perceived by mentors and their work‐family conflict (WFC) by focusing on the mediating role of emotional exhaustion and the moderating role of revenge. The results of a field survey of 187 mentors in China supported all of our hypotheses, indicating that interpersonal problems perceived by mentors were positively related to their WFC. This relationship was also found to be mediated by the mentors’ emotional exhaustion. In addition, revenge against protégés was found to moderate the main effect of interpersonal problems on emotional exhaustion and the indirect effect of interpersonal problems on WFC. Specifically, revenge exacerbated the positive relationship between interpersonal problems and emotional exhaustion. Further, emotional exhaustion mediated the indirect effect of interpersonal problems on WFC when the level of revenge was high, but not when it was low. The findings of this study provide insightful theoretical contributions and managerial implications that indicate new directions for research related to mentoring and work‐family relationships. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Impact of relational coordination on job satisfaction and quality outcomes: a study of nursing homes

This article develops a relational perspective on the coordination of work. Existing theory suggests that relational forms of coordination should improve performance in settings that are highly interdependent, uncertain and time‐constrained. Going beyond previous work, we argue that relational coordination should also improve job satisfaction by helping employees to accomplish their work more effectively and by serving as a source of positive connection at work. Using a cross‐sectional sample of nursing aides and residents in 15 nursing homes, we investigate the impact of relational coordination on quality outcomes and job satisfaction.     

企业电气设备安装常见质量问题及解决对策分析

文章指出电气设备安装人员应不断提升安装技术和安装质量水平,同时应尽力克服设备质量存在的通病。     

建筑电气安装工程质量控制及常见问题分析

建筑电气工程安装质量事关建筑物安全性、实用性、舒适性等诸多方面,同时建筑电气安装过程所牵涉的各项技术甚至对建筑工程的整体质量造成直接性的影响,因此必须对建筑电气工程安装质量进行严格控制,尤其应高度重视安装过程可能面临的常见问题。笔者根据多年工作经验,简要分析建筑电气安装工程常见问题及质量控制,以期提高我国建筑工程整体质量。     

探究建筑机电安装施工技术管理问题及对策

为了保证建筑机电安装施工质量,施工技术管理人员需要结合施工现场的实际情况,制定合理的施工计划,结合出现的技术问题,强化施工人员的质量意识和安全意识,全面保证工程安装施工顺利完成。但是结合建筑机电安装施工技术管理的现状分析,还存在诸多问题,施工单位需要从整体上控制施工质量,掌控施工进度,提升施工安全管理水平。本文主要结合某建筑机电安装施工技术管理问题,结合具体的施工情况,提出针对性的对策和建议。     

Integration and Task Allocation: Evidence from Patient Care

Using the universe of patient transitions from inpatient hospital care to skilled nursing facilities and home health care in 2005, we show how integration eliminates task misallocation problems between organizations. We find that vertical integration allows hospitals to shift patient recovery tasks downstream to lower‐cost organizations by discharging patients earlier (and in poorer health) and increasing post‐hospitalization service intensity. Although integration facilitates a shift in the allocation of tasks and resources, health outcomes either improved or were unaffected by integration on average. The evidence suggests that integration solves coordination problems that arise in market exchange through improvements in the allocation of tasks across care settings.     

ARE EMPIRICAL MEASURES OF MACROECONOMIC UNCERTAINTY ALIKE?

Abstract There is a plethora of time series measures of uncertainty for inflation and real output growth in empirical studies but little is known whether they are comparable to the uncertainty measure reported by individual forecasters in the survey of professional forecasters. Are these two measures of uncertainty inherently distinct? This paper shows that, compared with many uncertainty proxies produced by time series models, the use of real‐time data with fixed‐sample recursive estimation of an asymmetric bivariate generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity model yields inflation uncertainty estimates which resemble the survey measure. There is, however, overwhelming evidence that many of the time series measures of growth uncertainty exceed the level of uncertainty obtained from survey measure. Our results highlight the relative merits of using different methods in modelling macroeconomic uncertainty which are useful for empirical researchers.     

基于供应链协调机制重构的杂粮产业链升级落实机制研究

运用大宗商品粮三级供应链利益补偿协调机制研究产业链升级落实机制,具有重要的实践意义。从杂粮三级供应链利益补偿协调机制的指导思想、原则、重构的内涵展开研究,在此基础上,结合大庆调研结果,得出杂粮产业链升级落实机制,主要包括,通过杂粮供应链利益补偿协调机制的评价,遴选杂粮供应链中的合作组织和核心组织,以便政府导入支持政策;通过政府的产业政策支持大宗杂粮三级供应链利益补偿协调机制重构目标;通过核心企业重构大宗杂粮三级供应链利益补偿协调机制,衔接杂粮产业链;政府通过行业监管,推进契约规范表达和实施。     

Achieving competitive advantage through implementing a replicable management standard: Installing and using ISO 9000

This paper investigates the effects of implementing the international standard ISO 9000 on measures of business and operating performance. Based on the literature and a case study we identified two stages in implementing ISO 9000—(1) Installation, which has two dimensions: (a) external coordination and (b) integration; and (2) Usage, which also has two dimensions: (a) in daily practice and (b) as a catalyst for change. The hypotheses were that installation of ISO 9000 is positively related to use of ISO 9000, and use of ISO 9000 is positively related to operating performance. In addition, use of ISO 9000 is positively related to business performance since operating performance is positively related to business performance. We used hierarchical linear models (HLM) to test our hypotheses and validated the results by comparing the longitudinal performance of ISO 9000 certified companies with four matched samples of companies that were not ISO 9000 certified. Our analysis indicated that while the installation stage was necessary to successfully implement ISO 9000, organizations achieved a distinct operating advantage from this replicable standard when they used it in daily practice and as a catalyst for change. These findings were based on responses to a survey of 1150 quality managers in 924 organizations, which was supplemented for about one-third of the organizations with longitudinal information from the Compustat database on the organizations’ business and operating performance. The validation indicated that implementing the ISO 9000 standard led to improved operating performance, but that this outcome did not necessarily or automatically yield better business performance.     

The allocation of specific assets,relationship duration,and contractual coordination in buyer–seller relationships

This study explores the interaction effect of bilateral dependence and relationship duration on contractual coordination. In particular, the study compares how the allocation of specific assets, unilateral or mutual, affects contractual coordination across buyer–seller relationships with a short prior history as opposed to a long one. Data from a survey of 157 industrial purchasing relationships demonstrates that unilateral investments in specific assets by either the buyer or the supplier are more strongly supported by contractual coordination as the length of the relationship increases. On the other hand, contractual coordination of mutually deployed specific assets is significantly relaxed as relationships evolve over time.     

Financial performance and the long‐term link with HR practices,work climate and job stress

Using data front a large financial services organisation in the Netherlands, this article reports a longitudinal study at the business unit level. The study addresses the question of which longitudinal relations exist between survey data on perceived HR practices, work climate and job stress on the one hand, and prospective and retrospective financial performance on the other. Data from 223 business units were available for this study. Eight scales were selected from an employee survey answered by 18,142 respondents. These were aggregated to mean scores at the business unit level. Financial performance is operationalised by a yearly profits‐to‐costs ratio. Correcting for employee and business unit characteristics, the eight survey scales predict 22 per cent of the variance in business unit financial performance in the year after the survey.‘Co‐operation between departments’ appears to be the most important predictor. Equally strong evidence was friund for a reverse causation sequence: business unit financial performance in the year before the survey was a significant predictor for four out of eight survey scales, especially for ‘co‐operation between departments’ and ‘job security’. The results underline the importance of studying variance in HR and performance variables within large organisatiuns, and the possibilities of using employee surveys in this research context. Limitations and implications of the findings are discussed.     

谈如何做好供应商产品质量先期策划工作

火爆的市场反应带动供应商产品产量的急速增长,同时也带来了许多零件质量问题,而这些问题（包括设计问题）在先期开发中并未被及时发现,导致了批量投产后停线、返修、报废等质量成本的增加。为了使新项目批量投产后的零件质量能持续地满足顾客的需求,减少后期纠错的成本,根据以往车型的开发经验进行研究与总结,从项目开发的4个阶段来讨论如何提高供应商产品质量先期策划（APQP）工作。     

地层断裂与权力断层

在此次智利大地震中,智利前总统巴切莱特的领导和组织客观来说是比较有效的。但是,在这场巨大的自然灾难中,政府的协调工作还是出现了不少瑕疵。除去领导力方面的因素之外,一个不可忽视的因素在于：智利总统与政府正处于权力更迭的微妙时期。智利大地震2月28日爆发之时,距离巴切莱特3月11目把总统职位交给新当选的皮涅拉仅有十多天的时间。而众所周知,在权力更迭的时期,通常是老的权力走向衰落、     

A Path Construction for the Virtual Waiting Time of an M/G/1 Queue

Consider the M/G/1 queue, the finite dam M/G/1 with capacity T, and the impatient customer M/G/1 model, where customers become lost customers if their waiting time exceeds τ. In this note we prove that for all three models and each xe(0, r) the distribution of the number of downcrossings of the virtual waiting time process with level x during a busy cycle is identical. This implies the weaker statement that on [0, T) the distribution functions of the steady state distributions of the amount of unprocessed work (virtual waiting time) are proportional. A number of applications is given.