论市场经济条件下的宏观与微观经济间的关系

随着经济全球化的发展，传统意义上的宏观经济观念已经有所变化，它已经超越了一个国家，甚至一个地区而具有世界的意义。同样，微观的内涵也大大丰富了，超越了过去的微观。对于社会主义国家来说，微观已不是原有的国家和集体企业了，股份制和个体企业的大量出现使微观领域更加复杂了。全球经济结构产权私有化、经营专业化和公用事业竞争化。把国家干预与市场调节结合起来，使宏观经济与微观经济逐步协调、融合，已成为经济发展的一种必然趁势。     

试论市场经济条件下的宏观成本效益分析

成本效益分析是对项目进行可行性研究时的一种决策方法.它既可用于企业的财务评价,又可用于政府部门的国民经济评价.企业财务评价中成本效益分析是大家较为熟知的,因此,本文拟对在社会主义市场经济条件下进行国民经济评价时的成本效益分析有关问题作些探讨.一、宏观成本效益分析的概念(一)宏观成本效益分析与微观成本效益分析成本效益分析,也叫效益成本分析,它是通过比较多种备选项目或方案的全部预期效益和全部预计成本的现值来评价各备选项目或方案,以供决策参考或依据的一种方法.成本效益分析从分析评价的角度和范围来划分,可以分为微观成本效益分析和宏观成本效益分析.微观成本效益分析是指从企业的经济利益角度考查项目的盈利性而进行的分析,而宏观成本效益分析则是站在国民经济的高度从国家和社会的全局出发考查项目的可行性而进行的分析.     

论社会主义市场经济条件下的政府干预

我国社会主义市场经济的建设理念是在国家有效的调控下实现经济快速稳定的发展。而政府干预是国家对市场经济进行调控时的一种行为,也是体现政府对于我国社会主义市场经济调控力度的一种表现。适当的政府干预应当在有效地解决市场失灵的问题同时,避免政府失灵现象的发生。本文就政府干预的主要工作和合理定位进行了分析。     

市场经济条件下政府为什么要干预经济？

市场经济条件下要不要政府介入经济，这是一个争论不休的话题。这实际上是贯穿经济学说几百年历史的国家干预与非国家干预、计划与市场论战的延续。     

论市场经济条件下会计与法律融合的必要性

通过法律来调节经济活动中的所有行为，已成为所有市场经济体制国家的基本特征。推进会计与法律的融合，是国家规范经济秩序的需要，是维护企业合法权益的需要，也是会计人员增加就业机会、提高发展前景的需要。     

论市场经济条件下营销观念的确立

在市场经济体制下,营销人员首先推销的不是产品,而是企业的营销观念,是怎样为顾客提供满意的服务。观念问题解决了,其他问题也就会迎刃而解了。在西方国家的企业,营销观念已经成为企业的文化、全体员工的价值观,上至企业老总下至传达员,就是西方的非营利性部门也是想方设法为自己的服务对象提供满意的服务。因此,作为我国企业来讲．树立正确的营销观念就显得及为紧迫。     

论市场经济条件下的会计工作

会计工作的一切活动，最终目的是提高经济效益。然而随着社会主义市场经济的建立和发展，资金供需矛盾日益突出；传统的会计工作已不适应现代经济飞速发展的需要，经济越发达．会计工作越重要。面临市场经济对会计工作的影响与冲击．必须采取有力的会计工作管理对策。     

试论市场经济条件下财务与会计的关系

试论市场经济条件下财务与会计的关系重庆商学院孔庆林，代新宇财务与会计的关系，在我国理论研究和实际工作中越来越多地受到人们的关注，党的十四大提出建立社会主义市场经济体制，以社会主义市场理论为指导，以服务于社会主义经济建设为目标，重新认识财务与会计的关系...     

城市经济发展中特色经济与集群经济的关系--兼论城市园区经济建设

特色经济与集群经济现在是城市经济发展过程中两个彰显的概念,二者从不同角度阐释了城市经济发展的基本要求.特色经济反映的是城市经济的质,而集群经济反映的是城市经济的量.没有特色的城市经济缺乏活力和竞争力,没有集群的特色经济则对城市经济的带动作用就微乎其微.二者的有机统一才是最具活力和竞争力的城市经济单元.     

基于Copula理论的宏观经济与股票市场相关性研究

为了刻画宏观经济与股票市场波动间的相关性,在静态Copula模型的基础上,应用了一种全新的条件动态Copula(DCC-Copula)技术,它可以捕捉到经济变量间动态的相关结构。结合Gaussian-GARCH模型和DCC-Copula函数,建立了DCC Copula-GARCH模型全面对宏观经济变量与股票市场之间相关性进行了分析。结果说明,随着时间的变化,宏观经济与股票市场波动之间存在着较稳定的正相关关系。     

发展民营经济需拓宽民营企业的融资渠道

阐释了民营经济在国民经济和社会发展中的作用,分析了当前民营企业融资的现状,提出了进一步发展民营经济需解决好民营企业的融资问题,指出了拓宽民营企业融资的渠道。     

The relationship between oil prices,the stock market and the exchange rate: Evidence from Mexico

This paper analyzes the variables of oil price, exchange rate and stock market index to explain how they interact with each other in the Mexican economy. The examined period includes monthly data from January 1992 to June 2017. A Vector Autoregressive Model (VAR) is implemented that includes oil prices, the nominal exchange rate, the Mexican stock market index, and the consumer price index. Results indicate that the exchange rate has a negative and statistically significant effect on the stock market index; this indicates that an appreciation of the exchange rate is related to an increase in the stock market index. It is also found that the consumer price index has a positive effect on the exchange rate and a negative effect on the stock market index. The results also indicate that oil prices are statistically significant against the exchange rate, concluding that an increase in oil prices creates an appreciation of the exchange rate. In addition, the impulse-response functions show that the effects found tend to disappear over time.     

Sustainable development and circular economy: The role of institutional promotion on circular consumption and market competitiveness from a multistakeholder engagement approach

The transition from a linear economy to a circular economy (CE) is a real challenge to achieve long‐term sustainability. To push CE in the market, institutional promotion could become a key driver to positively impact both circular consumption and the competitiveness of the market. This paper analyzes the influence that soft and hard initiatives have on circular consumption and market competitiveness. Based on a survey of 1,281 respondents from different types of stakeholders, structural equations modeling statistical analysis was run. Results show that soft initiatives support the achievement of both objectives, whereas hard ones only influence greater circular consumption. However, the perception of the different stakeholders considered is very heterogeneous. It is indicative that not all institutional promotion initiatives are effective. Thus, institutions should guide, in an adequate and differentiated manner, their efforts to promote CE and sustainable development depending on the stakeholder they are targeting.     

城市经济和社会的相互影响与协调发展

讨论了城市经济系统和社会系统的相互影响及其作用机理,分析了当前我国城市中经济发展与社会发展存在的不协调状况,提出了提高我国城市经济与社会协调发展水平的建议.     

Entrepreneur and the state-managed economy under socialism

The paper deals with institutional change in Poland. The accompanying pherlomenon is an escalating wave of entrepreneurial ventures. They take on different legal forms. The most popular, limited liability companies, emerge in the private, the cooperative, and the state sectors, and often across these sectors. These developments give rise to new interest groups which generally support a market reform. The conflict between the market oriented sector and the administered sector becomes one of the main factors influencing the economic policies of the state. In the paper, the development of the private sector is analyzed with the use of measures relating to the proportion of revenues from the private sector in the total state budget revenues.     

Understanding the effect of market orientation on circular economy practices: The mediating role of closed-loop orientation in German SMEs

The implementation of circular economy (CE) practices is considered a key driver towards sustainable development of firms. Earlier studies point to the general strategic approach of market orientation as an antecedent to CE practice implementation. Still, insights are limited as the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear. Based on a sample of 121 German small and medium-sized enterprises (SME), we empirically examine how the strategic approach of closed-loop orientation mediates the relationship between market orientation and the implementation of three types of CE practices. Using structural equation modelling, we find that while market orientation is positively related to all three types of CE practices, closed-loop orientation mediates these relationships for only two. Our study extends CE literature by suggesting that market orientation is translated into closed-loop orientation to spur CE practice implementation. We also offer a differentiated understanding of CE practice implementation in the context of German SMEs.     

开放经济条件下银行国际化经营的战略选择

文章通过对国际银行业开拓国际化经营经验与教训的探讨,提出国际化经营并非是每家银行生存和发展的必由之路,对一家银行有效的战略并不意味着对其他银行也同样可以成功。在国内金融业务市场上,如果能准确定位自己的战略重点,即核心业务能力,反而更有可能成为一家成功的银行、优秀的银行。