企业技术创新的新趋势--合作创新

文章从技术发展的特征，现代企业生产方式的变革，全球化经济发展趋势，论证了合作创新正成为企业技术创新的新趋势，分析了合作创新的优势。提出了我国企业发展合作创新的策略。     

供应链企业间合作创新--合作营销

简述了供应链企业合作创新的动机，合作营销的内涵及供应链企业合作关系与合作方式的发展；描述了企业合作的需求与满足状况及企业合作创新理论与模式的不同分类；最后进行了实证研究。     

创新模式选择对企业绩效影响的对比研究——自主创新抑或合作创新

在创新驱动战略实施的背景下,企业试图通过自主研发或者合作创新巩固竞争优势和市场地位,但哪一种创新模式更适合我国企业的发展呢?文章基于2015-2019年A股上市公司的创新经验证据,运用回归分析的方法,从创新绩效、财务绩效和市场绩效三个维度对比研究自主创新、合作创新这两种创新模式选择对企业绩效的不同影响,进而验证哪种创新模式更有利于促进企业绩效.研究结果表明:自主创新更有利于提升企业创新绩效,合作创新则更有利于提升企业财务绩效和市场绩效.文章侧重将自主创新、合作创新对企业绩效的影响展开对比,丰富和拓展了有关企业创新模式选择的理论研究.研究结果为我国企业创新模式选择和国家创新驱动发展发展战略的精准实施提供了理论基础.     

博弈视角下产业集群创新模式研究

产业集群是市场经济发展到一定阶段的产物,是区域发展和国家发展的动力源泉。结合合作博弈理论模型,提出了集群中企业具体创新模式的选择取决于不同模式下创新成功后的收益与风险的比较。应用博弈论理论分析了集群内企业的创新博弈行为,指出产业集群内的企业在技术创新开发活动中是趋于合作的。     

基于产业价值链提升的稀土企业联盟合作创新演化博弈分析

中国是全球最大的稀土矿储国和生产国,稀土产业却处于世界稀土产业链的中低端。为提升中国稀土产业在全球稀土产业价值链中的地位,引导中国稀土产业链向高端化延伸和发展,必须推动中国稀土企业联盟合作创新。本文运用演化博弈理论,构建中国稀土企业联盟博弈矩阵,表明中国稀土企业联盟合作创新要取得成功,主要受到联盟企业合作创新的收益与成本、政府对联盟企业合作创新的支持以及联盟成员间的违约赔偿机制等因素的影响,其中最为关键的因素,是政府对联盟企业合作创新的支持和联盟成员间的违约赔偿机制。因此,在推动稀土企业联盟合作创新过程中,须强化政府对稀土企业联盟合作创新的规制、加强稀土企业联盟成员间信息沟通与交流、完善稀土企业联盟合作创新收益分配方式并建立稀土企业联盟合作创新违约赔偿机制。     

不确定环境下集群企业合作创新的模式选择

合作创新是集群企业良性发展的有效模式,本文借鉴生态学相关理论刻画集群企业生存环境的不确定性,并基于比较制度经济学,探讨不确定环境下集群企业互补式、嵌入式和捆绑式不同合作创新模式的选择,从而为集群企业的合作创新研究提供新的分析视角。     

企业合作创新的知识产权问题分析

随着现代企业的快速发展,人们越来越重视自主知识产权的问题,尤其在当今企业面临创新的过程中,知识产权的问题直接影响着整个企业的合作创新和利益冲突。因此探究合作创新中知识产权的问题迫在眉睫,本文主要分析了当今社会知识产权所具有的特征,对合作创新中知识产权的关系进行深入的分析和探究,并针对知识产权等相关问题进行了合理化的讨论,提出了合理的意见。     

企业主导产学研合作的技术与市场协同创新——以科大讯飞为例

基于科大讯飞的单案例研究,本文分析了科大讯飞以企业为主导的产学研合作模式和技术与市场协同创新的具体实践,揭示了企业主导产学研合作达到技术能力提升和市场价值实现的协同创新过程的内在机理,旨在为我国高科技企业积极构建企业主导型产学研合作创新模式以实现技术和市场的互动发展和协同创新,保持长期竞争优势,提供理论现实依据和实践借鉴。     

基于企业知识能力结构差异的合作创新研究及集群发展与升级启示

企业具有不同的知识能力,以此为基础的知识分工协作是合作创新以及集群发展的重要影响因素。文中以创新任务的可分解性等环境特征为影响因素,考察了企业知识能力的结构差异对合作创新水平以及合作持续时间的影响;在此基础上区分了分工协作型与学习赶超型两类集群发展模式,并对集群升级提供了政策建议。     

合作创新中的知识分享与整合

随着技术的不断发展及全球性的技术竞争不断加剧,企业技术创新活动中面对的技术问题越来复杂,技术的综合性和集群性越来越强。一个企业已不可能在所有的技术领域具有所需的技术能力。由此,产生合作创新。本文探讨了企业合作创新中如何加强合作双方知识的分享与转移、对获得的知识进行有效整合等内容,分析了影响知识分享与整合的因素,提出了合作创新企业有效开展知识管理的对策与建议。     

Relationships among open innovation,innovative performance,government support and firm size: Comparing Brazilian firms embracing different levels of radicalism in innovation

This work extends knowledge concerning the relationships among open innovation, innovative performance and government support for innovation within Brazilian firms. Data were obtained from two different firm samples (Sample A, on incremental innovation, and Sample B, on radical innovation). The main research results are as follows. First, in considering government support for innovation, Sample B, based on radical innovation, played a superior and stronger role than Sample A. Secondly, for both samples, the cooperation of external firms has a positive effect on firms’ innovative performance, which was positively controlled by the size of the firms. Thirdly, in general, radical innovation requires synergy and a more intense focus regarding the constructs considered therein. This work also adds value in methodological terms, as this is the first research to have tested different models of samples with different levels of radicalism in innovation.     

Democratizing innovation: The evolving phenomenon of user innovation

Almost 30 years ago, researchers began a systematic study of innovation by end users and user firms. At that time, the phenomenon was generally regarded as a minor oddity. Today, it is clear that user-centered innovation is a very powerful and general phenomenon. It is rapidly growing due to continuing advances in computing and communication technologies. It is becoming both an important rival to and an important feedstock for manufacturer-centered innovation in many fields. In this article, I provide an overview of what the international research community now understands about user-centered innovation. JEL classifications O32, O33     

Barriers to innovation and public policy in Catalonia

The present paper analyses the link between firms’ decisions to innovate and the barriers that prevent them from being innovative. The aim is twofold. First, it analyses three groups of barriers to innovation: the cost of innovation projects, lack of knowledge and market conditions. Second, it presents the main steps taken by Catalan Government to promote the creation of new firms and to reduce barriers to innovation. The data set used is based on the 2004 official innovation survey of Catalonia which was taken from the Spanish CIS4 sample. This sample includes individual information on 2,954 Catalan firms in manufacturing industries and knowledge-intensive services (KIS). The empirical analysis reveals pronounced differences regarding a firm’s propensity to innovate and its perception of barriers. Moreover, the results show that cost and knowledge barriers seem to be the most important and that there are substantial sectoral differences in the way that firms react to barriers. The results of this paper have important implications for the design of future public policy to promote entrepreneurship and innovation together.

Building absorptive capacity to organise inbound open innovation in traditional industries

The discussion on open innovation suggests that the ability to absorb external knowledge has become a major driver for competition. For R&D intensive large firms, the concept of open innovation in relation to absorptive capacity is relatively well understood. Little attention has; however, been paid to how both small firms and firms, which operate in traditional sectors, engage in open innovation activities. The latter two categories of firms often dispose of no, or at most a relatively low level of, absorptive capacity. Open innovation has two faces. In the case of inbound open innovation, companies screen their environment to search for technology and knowledge and do not exclusively rely on in-house R&D. A key pre-condition is that firms dispose of “absorptive capacity” to internalise external knowledge. SMEs and firms in traditional industries might need assistance in building absorptive capacity. This paper focuses on the role of collective research centres in building absorptive capacity at the inter-organisational level. In order to do so, primary data was collected through interviews with CEOs of these technology intermediaries and their member firms and analysed in combination with secondary data. The technology intermediaries discussed are created to help firms to take advantage of technological developments. The paper demonstrates that the openness of the innovation process forces firms lacking absorptive capacity to search for alternative ways to engage in inbound open innovation. The paper highlights the multiple activities of which absorptive capacity in intermediaries is made up; defines the concept of absorptive capacity as a pre-condition to open innovation; and demonstrates how firms lacking absorptive capacity collectively cope with distributed knowledge and innovation.     

Forming a firm innovation strategy through commitment-based human resource management

In this paper, we argue that commitment-based human resource management (CHRM) enables firms to form an innovation strategy, enriching the literature focused on the subordinate role of HRM in a given strategy. In CHRM, employees are hired based on their knowledge, their expertise is developed, and they are empowered to take reasonable risks in the interest of long-term outcomes. These HRM policies, which mediated by innovative work practices, enable firms to realize their strategic intention to engage in innovation. Analyses of time-lagged data from 445 firms support our hypotheses, and implications are discussed.     

Relationship between quality management practices and innovation

The purpose of this study is to examine the associations among different quality management (QM) practices and investigate which QM practices directly or indirectly relate to five types of innovation: radical product, radical process, incremental product, incremental process, and administrative innovation. We test the proposed framework and hypotheses using empirical data from ISO 9001 certified manufacturing and service firms. The results show that a set of QM practices through process management has a positive relationship with all of these five types of innovation. It was found that process management directly and positively relates to incremental, radical, and administrative innovation. Organizational capability to manage processes may play a vital role in identifying routines, establishing a learning base, and supporting innovative activities. The findings also reveal that the value of an individual QM practice is tied to other QM practices. Therefore, highlighting just one or a few QM practices or techniques may not result in creative problem solving and innovation.     

Knowledge sharing in supply chain networks: Effects of collaborative innovation activities and capability on innovation performance

Building on knowledge management and innovation capability theories, this paper aims to reveal the mechanisms of collaborative innovation processes by investigating the complex relationships among critical factors influencing firm's innovation performance in supply chain networks. Using hierarchical Multiple Regression (MR) and Moderated Multiple Regression (MMR) methods, results from a survey of 236 firms in China indicated that there are significant positive relationships between collaborative innovation activities, knowledge sharing, collaborative innovation capability, and firm's innovation performance. Moreover, it is expected that knowledge sharing plays a partial mediating role in the relationships between collaborative innovation activities and firm's innovation performance. Collaborative innovation capability exhibited a moderating effect on collaborative innovation activities - innovation performance relationship. These results contribute to collaborative innovation process management by offering a nuanced conceptualization of the collaborative innovation - performance relationship in supply chain networks.     

Customer concentration and corporate innovation: Evidence from China

This paper investigates the impact of customer concentration on corporate innovation in China. We hypothesize that a more concentrated customer base increases a supplier’s operational risk and causes firms to become more cautious with regard to investment in innovation. Moreover, a more concentrated customer base gives such customers stronger bargaining powers and makes suppliers less willing to make relationship-specific investments. Hence, the hold-up costs of customer concentration in China exceed the benefits that accrue from the economies of scale associated with such concentrations, which impede a supplier’s corporate innovation. Our results reveal that suppliers with higher customer concentrations produce fewer patents and invention patents. Moreover, our results are robust after adopting an instrumental variables approach. We further show that the effect is more pronounced in firms with lower business diversification and in firms that have lower stability in their major customers. Our paper sheds lights on the hitherto underexplored unfavorable impact of customer concentration on innovation.     

Commitment-based HR practices,different types of innovation activities and firm innovation performance

Research on human resource (HR) practices and innovation has increased in the strategic HR management literature over the last decades. Scholars suggest that commitment-based HR practices contribute to innovation performance of the firm. However, prior research puts little emphasis on the causal linkages among commitment-based HR practices, different types of innovation activities and firm innovation performance. This article opens the black box of the relationship between HR management and firm performance by examining the causal relationships among a bundle of commitment-based HR practices (i.e. a commitment-based HR system), different types of innovation activities and firm innovation performance. On the basis of a survey of 103 Turkish firms, empirical results show that a commitment-based HR system has a positive effect on process, organizational and marketing innovation activities. Furthermore, a commitment-based HR system mainly affects organizational innovation activities and shows that these innovation activities are the core drivers of process and marketing innovation activities, leading to higher rate of product innovation activities. Subsequently, product innovation activities enhance firm innovation performance, emphasizing their determinant role.