Gender Inequality in Employment in Mozambique

We investigate the gender employment gap in the expanding non‐subsistence sector of the economy in Mozambique, a country still characterized by a large subsistence agricultural sector. We show evidence that the gender gap has widened over time and we identify two structural factors strongly associated with it. One factor is the still relatively lower level of female human capital, with less attained education, as well as literacy and Portuguese proficiency rates. The lower conditional employment probabilities of married women, as compared with men, is the other factor. These findings point at expanding women´s education and facilitating the access of married women to the emerging labour market as the most effective ways of achieving a more inclusive growth path that does not leave women behind.     

新疆外贸行业市场结构变动分析

随着我国对外开放力度不断加大,内外环境不断改善,外贸行业准入门槛有所下降,新疆外贸企业数量不断增长,促进了新疆对外贸易规模呈现不断增长趋势,尤其是与中亚国家的贸易额不断上升。与此同时,2005年-2010年期间,新疆对外贸易的市场结构总体上竞争性下降,且出口部门和进口部门有显著差异。随着企业数量的增加,出口业务向更多的外贸企业分散,拉低了平均出口规模;同时,在局部上也呈现出口业务向位居前列的外贸企业集中的局面,即新疆外贸出口企业呈集团化发展态势;进口额的增长速度高于外贸企业数量增幅,且进口业务呈现向少数外贸企业集中的趋势,竞争性下降,垄断性增强。     

新疆经济发展问题之检视

本文旨在用事实和统计数据分析新疆工业经济发展状况和存在的突出问题,通过数据分析得出,新疆经济尚处在起飞阶段,还存在优势资源转换战略值得商榷、产业升级遭遇产业梯度转移陷阱、支柱产业界定盲目性大等关键性问题,据此提出新疆产业发展的新思路。即以可持续发展为统领,整合自然资源、人力资源和制度资源。针对矿藏资源,则应按照“优化配置、谨慎开发、集约投资和合理利用”的模式进行开发。     

新时期高校学生社团工作存在的问题与对策

新时期,随着高校体制改革的不断深化,学生社团实际上已日益成为高校对学生进行教育、管理和服务的重要工作领域。但由于主观和客观上的种种原因,全国大部分高校学生社团的发展和建设尚未能达到学生满意的程度。可从制度建设、硬件建设、专业指导和对外交流四个方面做具体的探讨,并对当今高校社团工作的建设提出建议。     

吐鲁番葡萄沟社区参与旅游发展调查与分析

文章以吐鲁番市葡萄沟区为例,在实地调查数据的基础上,通过访谈和问卷两种方式,从社区居民的角度,分析了当前葡萄沟社区居民在旅游发展中的参与状况,剖析了推进和阻碍社区居民参与到旅游发展中的因素,最后提出了促进当地居民深入参与旅游发展的对策与措施。     

我国自然垄断行业价格管制的对策探讨

由于自然垄断行业所具有的独特的技术经济特点,往往需要政府对其进行价格管制。本文分析了我国当前自然垄断行业价格监管体制存在的问题和产品定价规制原理,并结合我国的具体实践,构建了我国自然垄断行业的价格管制模型,进而提出了规范我国价格监管体制的对策。     

Variations in housing satisfaction and health status in four lower socio-economic housing typologies in the eThekwini Municipality in KwaZulu-Natal

A study was done in the Durban Area, South Africa amongst residents (n?=?300) of four lower socio-economic housing typologies: Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) houses, informal settlements (IS), traditional rural houses (TR) and inner-city apartments (IC). Respondents living in IC were most satisfied with their dwellings, those living in RDP houses and in IS were the least satisfied. People living in the IC perceived their health best, while those living in IS perceived it as worst. Major reasons for dissatisfaction with housing were pest infestation in their dwelling in the past 12 months, inadequate toilet facilities, high temperature, unclean neighbourhood, poor ventilation and dust. Pest infestation and poor ventilation were mentioned most frequently by flat dwellers whilst RDP, IS and TR households complained about inadequate toilet facilities. For many people living in low socio-economic housing, both housing and service provision remain inadequate.     

The situation in currency markets in the CIS countries in 2009

The situation with currency markets in the CIS countries in 2009 was characterized by considerable fluctuations in national currencies against the background of the major problems in the financial sector, economic recession in most countries, slowing inflation in the consumer market, and deflation in prices of manufactured goods.     

新疆商贸流通领域中零售业发展问题探析

本文在对新疆商贸零售业态主要特点论述的基础上,从零售业态网点布局结构、业态组织运作、业态结构调整、业态结构变革四个方面分析了新疆商贸零售业态结构演进中存在的问题,并针对这些问题,提出了发展新疆商贸零售业态的一些对策建议。     

Youth engagement in agricultural policy processes in Malawi

This study assesses the nature of networking between youth and agricultural policy-makers – given youth disillustionment with agricultural livelihoods. Using the Malawi case, a mixed-methods approach shows, first, that local government departments which are mandated to work on youth issues are the main hubs of information for youth in agriculture. The Ministry of Agriculture plays a secondary role. Second, the study shows that youth in agriculture have little or no direct interactions with each other. Therefore, youth remain on the periphery of agricultural policy-making and their role in shaping agricultural policy dialogue is negligible. This is attributable to both lack of a deliberate government policy to include the youth and lack of a unified youth platform. The onus is therefore on the youth to ensure that they are effectively engaged in agricultural policy dialogue. The study concludes with policy recommendations relevant for countries with a ‘youth/agriculture’ problem like Malawi.     

Spoorwegen in Europa en in Amerika

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Women in rural development in Venda

Women frequently constitute the largest section of the adult population in rural communities of developing areas. For this reason, rural development can only take place if women at grassroots level are drawn to the centre of the arena, and their traditional concerns recognised and used as the starting point. In Venda, this approach is showing some positive results.     

Hysteresis in unemployment in the Netherlands

Summary The Dutch labour market situation in the eighties can be characterized by the hysteresis phenomenon, i. e. a rising natural rate of unemployment as a result of the rise of actual unemployment in the past. It appears that the hysteresis phenomenon is more important in The Netherlands than in France and the United States and as relevant as in Germany and the United Kingdom. Because of the steep rise of unemployment in The Netherlands the natural rate of unemployment may have risen more than in Other European countries. As a consequence, the wage depressing effect of the current high unemployment rate has diminished rapidly.I thank J.C. Siebrand, D.P. Broer and C.B. Mulder for helpful comments on an earlier version of this paper.     

2010年新疆农业农村经济形势分析及2011年展望

研究当前农业农村经济发展中取得的成绩和存在的问题,对于我们更好地谋划今后工作的重点有着重要的作用和意义。本文分析了2010年新疆农业农村经济发展取得的成效,以及2011年农业农村经济发展的有利条件、问题和制约因素,进而对2011年新疆农业农村经济中需要重点关注和解决的问题提出了几点政策建议。     

五月,黄水林海春正浓千野火棘花似雪

5月,主城气温持续走高,春天的脚步渐远,夏天悄然而至.而此时的石柱黄水春意正浓,在那里,依然可以清晰地聆听到春天的花语,即使在一米阳光之内,也能感受到春天的美丽. 踏青赏花揽春色,风景这边独好 以“万亩森林、万亩石芽、万亩草场、万亩火棘”四大景观著称的千野草场,这时候总是澄澈的蓝天陪衬着悠悠白云,碧绿的草地映衬着逍遥牛羊.这里不但有北国草原的粗犷,亦有南方草地的妩媚.