Minimum Wages and Youth Employment: Evidence from the Finnish Retail Trade Sector

Following an agreement between the trade unions and the employer organizations in 1993, Finnish employers could temporarily pay less than the existing minimum wage for young workers. We examine the effects of these minimum wage exceptions by comparing the changes in wages and employment of the groups whose minimum wages were reduced with simultaneous changes among slightly older workers for whom the minimum wages remained unchanged. Our analysis is based on payroll record data and minimum wage agreements from the retail trade sector. The results show that average wages in the eligible group declined only modestly. We find no significant effects on employment.     

The Effects of Occupational Licensing: Evidence from Business‐Level Data

Occupational licensing currently affects more than 1,000 occupations in the United States. I use confidential US Census Bureau business micro‐data to shed light on the effect of occupational licensing in cosmetology on key market outcomes and study its effect on the providers of occupational training. Occupational licensing regulation does not seem to affect the equilibrium number of practitioners or prices of services to consumers, but is associated with significantly lower practitioner entry and exit rates. I further find states with more stringent licensing requirements to have more instructors and a larger median size of training facilities, suggesting possible barriers to entry for the training schools. Instructors, however, do not earn more in such states.     

Sectoral Productivity and the Distribution of Wages

Policy reports suggesting that productivity growth will raise the earnings of low-wage workers are based on the concept that gains from productivity will trickle down to raise the wages of workers at the lower end of the wage distribution. The compensation and employment systems of American industry do strongly link gains in industry productivity to wage increases for most workers. However, this analysis finds that the linkage of productivity change to wage change for the workers at the lower end of the distribution is virtually nonexistent. The empirical results of this study suggest that productivity increases have no effect on the wage change of workers at the lowest 10th percentile of the distribution and widen the dispersion in industry wages.     

关注员工职业压力

企业的第一资源是人力资源。企业组织运作是否顺畅,取决于组织内不同阶层人员的精神状态,全体员工是否经常处在宽松的工作环境中,是否以一种轻松的心境、饱满的精神投入工作,都不同程度地影响着企业的效率和效益。改革开放以来,全国电力系统先后推行了厂长负责制、经济责任制、股份制、全员劳动合同制、养老保险制、医疗保险制等一系列改革措施,曾经为调动电力企业员工的劳动积极性起到很大作用。这可谓是对电力行业劳动者潜在能量的一次发掘。电力企业全面走向市场经济后,竞争机制的建立并不断强化后,不仅仅给电力企业尤其是发电企业带来了…     

永远改进不满足追求卓越不停滞

宝鸡石油机械有限责任公司成立于2002年11月。公司的前身宝鸡石油机械厂建厂于1937年，是我国石油行业最早、生产能力最强、规模最大的石油机械产品专业制造厂家。公司的主导产品为石油钻机、泥浆泵、防喷器及各类钻采配件等，现有员工2900余名，目前是我国石油钻井装备研制开发的主要基地。2004年，公司共生产成套钻机55台、泥浆泵323台，完成工业总产值10．08亿元，实现销售收入10．15亿元，     

The Impact of Technological Change on Work and Wages

This review begins with a discussion of how technology affects wage structures. The literature reviewed is divided into two segments—studies of the impact of technological change on wages (and growing inequality), productivity, and employment and studies of the interrelationship of technology, human resource systems, and labor productivity. We conclude with suggestions for future research topics. Overall, we find that technological change accounts for only part of the changing wage structure in the United States, whereas changes in institutional forces that affect the creation of industry rents and the distribution of rents are also an important factor.     

Occupational Licensing and the Earnings Premium in the United States: Updated Evidence from the Current Population Survey

Using survey data from 2015 to 2018, this article analyses the occupational licensing wage premium in the United States. The estimates show a robust 4–6 per cent wage differential for licensed workers. This premium is robust to careful control for location/local labour market effects and occupation effects. The premium is also positive for the majority of individual occupations and groups of occupations estimated. Similar results are found using additional techniques, including a matching estimator and an analysis of border metropolitan statistical areas.     

半导体业务继续"自立门户"

德州仪器(TI)的传感器及控制器业务利润丰厚而稳定.这也是TI在近几年即使出售了其国防、打印机以及其他业务而专注于数字信号处理和模拟芯片的情况下,仍然保留这一产值为12亿美元的部门的根本原因.     

难分伯仲的PLD双雄

Xilinx和Altera为夺取PLD市场霸主而战除了英特尔和AMD之间波澜起伏的市场争斗,半导体行业的竞争都比不上Xilinx和Altera之间的冲突来得有趣、刺激。     

博弈视角下农民工工资拖欠问题的对策研究

农民工追讨被拖欠工资常有两种途径：合法与非法。通过法律途径来解决被拖欠的工资虽与我国法制社会建设相一致,但非经济性选择。文章从博弈视角来探讨通过法律途径解决农民工工资拖欠问题的要点,并给出相关保障制度的建议。     

中国视阈下的中小企业工资集体协商制度思考

劳资纠纷已经成为影响中国经济社会发展的重要因素,而中小企业则是劳资纠纷发生的重灾区。工资协商制度是避免阶级极化现象造成社会恶果的选择,如何在中国中小企业推行工资协商制度则成为解决中小企业劳资纠纷高发的关键。工资协商制度在中国中小企业推进中存在＂一刀切＂、工会职责缺失、制度缺位、错位等问题,因此,要让工资协商制度在中小企业中顺利、彻底推行,必须让政府、工会从中小企业实际出发,从企业发展与社会、劳工发展的角度对三方恰当定位,实现三方共赢。     

球铁补缩能力及无冒口铸造的研究与应用

本文采用热分析法研究了球墨铸铁的凝固特性、补缩能力与壁厚的关系,以及实现无冒口铸造的条件,介绍了成功地应用无冒口铸造生产球铁铸件的实例。     

Cohort Size Effects on the Wages of Young Men in Britain, 1961-1989

This paper investigates the relationship between the pay of young men relative to adult men and the size of the youth cohort. The evidence presented indicates that during the post-war period, relative hourly earnings and relative union negotiated wage rates were both negatively influenced by the size of the youth cohort. This fact indicates that the relative availability of young workers influences their rates of pay even if these are the outcome of union negotiations.