数字经济下相关市场界定面临的挑战及方法改进

信息通信技术和数字技术的深度融合与广泛适用,推动着数字经济高速发展,催生各类新业态、新产业、新模式不断涌现,给市场竞争模式、产业组织结构以及经营者具体商业行为带来翻天覆地的变化。数字经济下以平台为中心的商业模式扩展了相关市场上以商品基础功能为主的商品功能叠加竞争,双边或多边市场下的跨市场竞争与融合以及非对称性定价结构等情况越来越复杂,给现行的以单边市场上商品单一功能及其价格变化为主的相关市场界定方法带来诸多挑战,现有相关市场界定方法的局限性凸显。为及时回应数字经济下相关市场界定问题,应在厘清相关市场界定基本逻辑的基础上,回归对用户需求替代变量的检视,在价格变量逐渐弱化的同时,将用户注意力、数据及商品质量视为相关市场界定中的重要变量,并结合用户需求替代发生的具体场景,重视个案中相关市场界定的精准化分析。数字经济领域市场竞争方式逐渐由传统价格竞争转向用户注意力竞争和数据竞争,对用户需求的精准把握和持续争夺在很大程度上决定了经营者在相关市场的竞争优势及其维持,经营者为了在注意力竞争中获取竞争优势,必须高度关注用户需求,不断优化升级商品质量,增值叠加商品功能,因此相关市场的界定必须考虑以用户需求替代为基础的用户可转向范围和数据转移成本,以体现数字经济下个性化、定制化、精细化特征对反垄断法适用的影响,同时凸显用户偏好在需求替代分析中的重要性。     

旅游企业竞争的新优势——服务营销

如何在服务竞争中使组织保持与顾客良好的长期关系 ,是旅游企业获取竞争优势的关键。基于关系的服务营销意味着将服务视为与顾客保持长期关系的关键性战略要素。在这里 ,传统的交易营销模式显露出很大的局限性 ,而关系营销思想和理论为服务营销提供了新的视角。     

浅谈企业社会责任问题

当今世界,社会责任正在成为制约企业提升竞争力的新要素,不仅对企业本身,而且对整个社会都会产生深远的影响。目前,我国存在着一些企业不讲社会责任、损害百姓利益的情况．构建企业社会责任体系成为紧迫而重要的任务。市场竞争的主导方式正在沿着“价格竞争-产品竞争-服务竞争-关系竞争”的轨迹演变。在竞争时代,企业社会责任成为企业竞争优势的新增长点。为此,企业应强化社会责任意识,实施社会责任战略,培育社会责任文化,优化社会责任关系,从而提升长期盈利能力,增强竞争优势。     

Examining Market Information and Brand Equity Through Resource‐Advantage Theory: A Carrier Perspective

To survive in this challenging economic environment, transportation providers must differentiate themselves in the eyes of current and potential customers. Consequently, they are seeking to develop superior resources that allow them to build greater awareness of and distinctive images for their brands. Those that are successful achieve higher levels of brand equity and, ultimately, positions of competitive advantage in the logistics services industry. This research applies resource‐advantage theory to investigate the role of market information in creating an informational advantage to build brand equity for transportation providers. Results from a survey of motor carriers indicate that informational advantage mediates the impact of market information resources on the levels of brand image and brand awareness, two dimensions of a firm’s brand equity.     

商业模式创新视角下的现代服务业发展分析研究——以宜信集团为例

在竞争激烈的市场经济时代,商业模式之争已成为企业取胜市场的关键;商业模式创新作为实现可持续竞争优势的最佳途径,也已成为新的竞争焦点和学者研究的热点。本人通过文献回顾来构建自己的理论框架以及阐述商业模式创新理念的内涵,并通过对宜信集团商业模式的案例研究得出相关结论,最后概述我国现代服务业的发展前景。     

互联网反垄断能促进数据隐私保护吗?

数据隐私通常被视为产品质量的一部分，可以通过反垄断法的实施来提升对其的保护程度。但是，对于互联网企业而言，由于双边市场的特质，需要通过获取用户数据来提供服务。竞争的加剧会使得企业需要更多的数据来获得竞争优势。对于用户来说，由于数据获取的隐蔽性、认知的局限性以及对于产品价格过度敏感，充分的竞争也难以让用户选择隐私保护程度更高的企业。正是由于市场竞争存在这些局限性，所以通过反垄断法很难实现提升隐私保护的效果。     

我国传统社交网站盈利问题研究

本文在分析当前中国互联网与传统社交网站发展现状基础上,比较了传统社交网站的盈利模式,以人人网为例分析其盈利状况,并运用五力模型分析传统社交网站面临的挑战。由于我国传统社交网站发展仍然存在较多问题,因此需要制定相关措施加以解决,如明确自身定位,发展垂直社交;知悉用户需求,提升服务质量;联手本地商家,活用SoLoMo模式;加强监管,保护知识产权。     

竞争情报与企业竞争

竞争情报的产生和发展是市场竞争的客观要求 ,随着我国社会主义市场经济的发展 ,我国成功地加入WTO ,市场竞争将日趋激烈 ,只有全面把握竞争环境 ,了解竞争对手的情报 ,制定科学的竞争策略 ,企业才能在竞争中取得优势 ,竞争情报在市场竞争中将发挥更重要的作用     

An empirical study about the impacts of China's accession to the WTO on the telecommunications industry in China

Post‐China's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO), China's telecommunication industry now needs to face a much stronger competition in a relatively open market that has a number of diverse rivalries. There are specific benefits and risks associated with both domestic telecommunication (telecom) companies and foreign investors in the telecommunication or information technology area. To meet with these new challenges and take advantage of the competitive, strategic advantages to penetrate the market, both China's telecom industry and foreign investors must understand the impacts of China's accession to the WTO on its telecommunication industry and hence make the necessary adjustments and/or implementation improvements. In specific, we carefully examine the impacts such as prices, quality, and local protectionism in this article. We draw the findings based on the data collected from a survey and the resulting statistic analysis.     

中国文化贸易结构和贸易竞争力分析

基于文化产品和服务进出口数据,对中国文化贸易结构、国际市场占有率、贸易竞争力指数、显示性比较优势指数的分析表明,尽管中国是文化产品出口第一大国,但文化贸易结构不合理,文化产业总体国际竞争力较弱且发展不平衡;中国文化贸易的竞争优势主要体现在手工艺品、设计、视觉艺术品和新媒体这些外围的文化产品中,具有核心内容的影视媒介、音乐媒介、出版物及版权、文化休闲娱乐服务等文化出口比重低、竞争力弱。     

Competition in Local Telecommunications

The Telecommunications Act of 1996 created a framework for competition in local telecommunications. Under its rules and under the jurisdiction of state regulatory authorities, competitive local telephone companies were to gain access to some or all parts of the incumbent’s network through known wholesale tariffs and offer retail local telephone service. As customers Competition in Local Telecommunications adopt other technologies for communications—mobile wireless service, broadband for email, messaging, and information retrieval—additional competitive pressures are put on the core voice telephone market. The substitution of usage and access from local telephony to other modes of communication is regarded as intermodal competition and is the subject of this paper. This study concerns local telecommunications competition between incumbent and competitive service providers in the United States. In addition to measuring competition from within the wireline market, we find significant intermodal competitive impacts resulting from wireless and high-speed development. We report empirical results from an econometric model that measures line loss impacts between carriers and the effects of wireless and high-speed services on the wireline market. The paper offers interpretation of the strategic and policy implications of these results.JEL Classification L120,L400,L960     

市场定位与差异化竞优势的建立——以绿谷灵芝胶囊的市场定位为例

随着买方市场的到来,市场上商品种类增多,企业之间竞争加剧,企业要在竞争中取胜并占据有利的市场位置,唯一的途径就是——市场定位。市场定位是识别差异化竞争优势,选择合适的差异化优势及与目标顾客进行沟通的过程,其目的是在目标顾客心目中确立有别于竞争对手的差异化竞争优势。     

What if you ask and they say yes? Consumers' willingness to disclose personal data is stronger than you think

Technological progress—including the development of online channels and universal access to the internet via mobile devices—has advanced both the quantity and the quality of data that companies can acquire. Private information such as this may be considered a type of fuel to be processed through the use of technologies, and represents a competitive market advantage. This article describes situations in which consumers tend to disclose personal information to companies and explores factors that encourage them to do so. The empirical studies and examples of market activities described herein illustrate to managers just how rewards work and how important contextual integrity is to customer digital privacy expectations. Companies' success in obtaining client data depends largely on three Ts: transparency, type of data, and trust. These three Ts—which, combined, constitute a main T (i.e., the transfer of personal data)—deserve attention when seeking customer information that can be converted to competitive advantage and market success.     

Optimal retail sales strategies for old and new products in monopoly and horizontal competition scenarios

Advances in technology have made product updates more frequent and allowed consumers to choose different versions of the same product based on their preferences. It is crucial for retailers to understand how to formulate optimal sales strategies based on those different consumer preferences. To this end, we develop game models that consider the heterogeneity of consumer preferences under both monopoly and horizontal competition scenarios and perform the sensitivity analysis to examine the impact of consumer proportions and consumer preferences on retailers’ sales strategies. The results show that (i) regardless of competition or monopoly status, the original retailer can always maximize profit by setting prices based on the market share of traditional consumers, as long as the retailer sells both new and old versions of the product; (ii) the greater the competitive advantage of the competitor, the more advantageous the hybrid sales mode; (iii) if the price of the old product is below a certain threshold, there will be a positive profit for the original retailer when selling both the old and new products; and (iv) when consumer acceptance of competing retailers is lower, entering the retail market is not a good choice for competing retailers.     

Learning,Innovation and Competitive Advantage in Not-for-Profit Aged Care Marketing: A Conceptual Model and Research Propositions

ABSTRACT

The rapid expansion and the increased commercialization of the elderly consumers market have forced not-for-profit organizations (NFPs) to adopt a competitive posture in their operations and to pursue innovative ways of delivering superior aged care to the target market. This paper attempts to model the antecedents of innovation-based competitive strategy in NFPs. Premised on the capability-based model of sustained competitive advantage and incorporating the emerging concept of social entrepreneurship, it is argued that entrepreneurial NFP organizations, in their mission to create social value to multiple stakeholders, build and nurture distinctive learning capabilities that enable them to formulate innovative strategies for superior aged care delivery. Key theoretical constructs within the model are explored and research propositions are presented.     

Competition in the LM market

This paper considers the competition in the LM (land-to-mobile) market mainly by focusing on how access charges are determined in a competitive environment. Contrary to the widely held belief, the main beneficiary to introducing competition into the LM market (except consumers) is the mobile network operator if LM services are homogeneous. This is due to its ability to charge differentiated access fees to each of the LM service providers thereby inducing them to compete for LM retail prices. Also, competition in the LM market raises social welfare by eliminating double marginalization. Thus, the regulation imposing uniform access charges is socially undesirable in the sense that it hinders LM service providers from effectively competing for retail prices.     

从社会资本视角的企业创新研究

在高度竞争的市场环境中,创新是企业保持竞争优势和持续发展的根本。激烈的竞争使企业认识到创新对企业的重要意义,而且越来越多的企业认识到单一企业的资源和能力已不足以满足企业创新的要求,企业需通过广泛的外部合作进行内外资源的整合,使企业在内外部的关系网络中获得竞争优势。为提高企业的创新能力,有必要从社会资本视角对企业创新进行研究,分析社会资本对企业创新的制约,从而制定相应的解决对策。     

A Normative Model for Improving Services Quality

Abstract

As services businesses continue to proliferate, competition among professional and retail service providers rapidly intensifies. Amidst the competitive wars, service marketers are seeking new, innovative ways to improve services quality in order to maintain their competitive position. Many of the existing approaches are geared toward larger operations. This article proposes a normative model of services quality for service organizations of varying types and sizes with an emphasis on the small service provider. The utilization of this model can assist service providers in improving the quality of their service and overall customer satisfaction.     

基于知识和谐的结盟型供应商选择评价模型

市场竞争的加剧促使企业谋求通过加强链上的竞争力来获取竞争优势,选择合适的供应商结盟将成为企业新的竞争优势来源。在企业与供应商的合作中将发生知识的交互转移,知识和谐将比质量、价格等更应成为企业选择供应商的准则。通过构建核心企业与供应商的知识交互转移模型,分析核心企业的知识和谐机制以及结盟的绩效来源,从知识合作与知识适配两方面构建基于知识和谐的结盟型供应商选择评价指标体系,并选择证据推理方法对企业选择评价供应商进行实证,旨为企业合理选择供应商结盟提供了新的思路与评价体系。     

双重约束条件下发达流通市场的可持续发展

本文认为,发达流通市场面临内部市场模式趋同和外部新兴市场竞争的双重约束;目前发达流通市场的竞争优势主要体现在一定差异化基础上的低成本优势;要在未来保持可持续发展,就不能过多依靠低成本竞争,而应通过战略新定位和市场模式升级,突破低成本瓶颈,着力从商业市场竞争模式转变为产业价值链竞争模式,创造出显著差异性优势。文章还提出,发达流通市场要建立产业价值链竞争优势,就必须一方面打造上游本地商品制造中心和研发中心;另一方面完善和维护下游网络优势。