中国会计国际化与会计盈余的价值相关性

Using financial reports of AB-share listed companies in China from 1996 to 2003, this paper attempts to evaluate the impact of accounting internationalization in China by comparing time serial value-relevance differences between Chinese Accounting Standards (CAS) and International Accounting Standards (IAS). Empirical evidence from relative information content test indicates that unexpected earnings reported under IAS have more information content to A-share investors than those under CAS. However, the relative value-relevance of IAS is weakened through the accounting internationalization process. Moreover, empirical evidence from incremental information content test shows that the incremental value-relevance of IAS is also weakened through the accounting harmonization process. Further empirical evidence demonstrates that CAS earnings appear to substitute for CAS earnings in the valuation process to the extent to which CAS is harmonized with IAS.      

卫生院科室成本核算方法研究

长期以来,我国乡镇一级卫生院的经济效益不是很高,这与卫生院科室成本核算有很大的关系.尤其是随着市场经济的不断深入和发展,传统的科室成本核算方法已经难以适应现代卫生院发展的需要.因此,要想提高卫生院的经济管理水平,我们必须对卫生院各科室的收支状况、预算执行情况等进行系统、全面的反映,这使得卫生院各科室的成本如何核算,采取何种方法进行核算就显得特别重要,本文将对此进行重点论述.     

目标定位下的我国会计信息质量特征体系构建

会计目标决定会计信息的质量特征,而会计信息的质量特征又反过来保障会计目标的实现。在会计目标定位下,构建一套系统完善的会计信息质量特征体系,不仅有利于会计理论的进一步发展完善,而且对于全面有效地提高会计信息质量水准、遏制日益严重的会计信息失真具有重要意义。     

Budgets and other lies: Evidence of bias in financial planning

Budgets are considered by many to be a necessary evil. Within organizations, budgets are used to allocate financial resources to individuals who are charged with managing funds. This allows them to accomplish corporate goals and objectives. When reviewing the differences between actual and planned spending for a number of cost centers evidenced in data covering a 4-year period, it was noted that favorable variances exceeded unfavorable ones more than 50% of the time, although probability suggests that favorable and unfavorable results are equally likely to occur. As budgets are only best guesses about the future, these results indicate that planned spending was intended to manage uncertainty. In other words, the budgets were intentionally misstated—that is, they were lies. This Executive Digest explores ways of uncovering these lies. The consequences of intentional misstatement of planned spending are serious. In such cases, financial resources are not only misallocated, but also allocated in a suboptimal way. This means that future borrowing costs may increase, important projects could be delayed, and necessary operating expenditures are not made.     

Schmoozers,not snoozers: Busting the Kevin and Angela stereotypes in public accounting

In contrast to the well-known stereotype of the boring, unsociable accountant, today’s public accounting professionals argue that they are boundary spanners. Working at the intersection of the firm/client interface, these professionals contend that sociability is a requisite skill for routinely navigating the many interactions they have with multiple personnel at client organizations. This research aims to address this disconnect and to confront whether the public perception is warranted. Using the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue), we assess the sociability of 176 public accounting professionals and discover that, contrary to the stereotype, male public accountants are more sociable than males in the general population. Our analysis also demonstrates that female public accountants are no more or less sociable than females in the general population. Additional analysis shows that while male public accountants are more sociable than female public accountants, this effect is attributable to differences at lower levels of the profession and that male-female differences disappear when comparing male managers and partners to female managers and partners. Given the importance of sociability in public accounting, this research offers recruiting strategies that will help to dispel the myth of the unsociable accountant and provides training tips for enhancing sociability within the ranks.     

Accounting research in China: commemorating the 40th anniversary of reform and opening up

This study reviews the influential accounting literature on China topics published both in international and Chinese journals in the recent four decades to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the reform and opening up in China. We first review the literature published in the first two decades, where normative research is dominant and financial accounting and managerial accounting are the main topics. Then, looking more in-depth at the most recent literature, we separately discuss the articles published from 1998 to 2007 and from 2008 to 2018, in which many topics are covered including financial accounting, managerial accounting, financial management and corporate governance, auditing and tax. Finally, conclusions and future suggestions are raised based on the issues explored over the past four decades.     

Timeliness of Accounting Information in Family Controlled and Managed Companies in Brazil

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of family control and management in the quality of accounting information in Brazilian companies, with a focus on timeliness. The sample consisted of 72 Brazilian companies and 1,656 observations from 2008 to 2013. The results show that family-controlled companies are quicker to recognize good news related to the price of the respective stock. On the other hand, family managed companies showed low accounting timeliness in relation to recognition of good news. The findings contribute to the agency theory and the literature on family firms and confirm that such companies experience fewer agency problems arising from conflicts between majority and minority shareholders. In addition, the agency conflicts between the management and minority shareholders can be compounded by the recognition of good news not being in family managed firms.     

Conformity and diversity of accounting and financial reporting practices in Portuguese local government

Portuguese governmental accounting has evolved from essentially a cash‐based budgetary accounting system to an accrual‐based financial and cost accounting system. Evidence from financial reports shows a great level of diversity amongst municipalities' voluntary compliance with the new accounting rules. Using a sample of Portuguese municipalities in the year 2003 we calculate and analyse the levels of compliance with the practices required by law and document the diversity in compliance across municipalities. The differences across municipalities are explained by some fundamental factors: size, financial conditions, urban characteristics, and diffusion across neighbouring municipalities. We show an unexpected effect of size. Larger municipalities comply less with accounting standards. Organizational complexity, conservative practices, and aversion to change may explain this result. Copyright © 2007 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Assessing the usefulness of store card data in direct sales of financial services

The UK financial services market has expanded in recent years through the addition of several non-traditional players. We evaluate the extent to which this increased supply of services is best channelled through existing retail locations or whether products are better promoted and managed via direct marketing methods. Using a UK grocer/retailer's lifestyle customer database for an urban store and an out-of-centre location, we analyse a regional sample of customers who have received financial services mail-shots. The use of GIS and logistic regression enables the determination of the extent to which mail respondents have distinctive characteristics in terms of wealth, financial service ownership and proximity to store. Finally, we discuss the implications of our empirical study for in-store financial services support and draw some general conclusions based on our assessment of the usefulness of lifestyles data in such applications.     

The impact of service quality and marketing on financial performance in the hospital industry: an empirical examination

Service quality and service marketing have both been studied extensively in relation to service organizations. In this paper we examine these areas simultaneously in terms of their impact on financial performance in the hospital industry. Drawing from the literature in the quality and service marketing areas, the area of service quality is represented in terms of the constructs of quality context and quality outcomes. Quality context (QC) describes the environment related to quality practices within a hospital which generally encourages and enhances service quality while quality outcomes (QO) comprises of specific clinical and patient satisfaction outcomes of the hospital. The area of marketing is represented in terms of the constructs of marketing orientation and market/product development outcomes. Market orientation (MO) is a well accepted, albeit complex, construct within the marketing literature. Generally, market orientation can be thought of as the process of effectively collecting, disseminating, and responding to information in order to enhance the marketing function within the hospital. Such information generally relates to market trends, customers, and competitors. Market/product development outcomes (MPD) refer to specific outcomes in relation to product innovation and market segmentation that are general indicators of the marketing effectiveness of the hospital. Although the evidence in the literature suggests that both service quality and marketing are independently related to organizational performance, the precise nature of the relationships among the variables described above is not clearly understood.Based on theoretical considerations, we propose a framework linking the above-mentioned constructs to the financial performance (FP) of an organization. Since QC and MO are theorized to be multidimensional constructs we use the technique of structural equations modeling (SEM) to test the model. Data were collected for the study from hospitals in a five-state region in the US. The results show that the constructs related to both service quality and marketing impact on financial performance. However, the results do not support the proposed framework of relationships. Instead, the results support a sequential chain of relationships among the constructs where MO mediates the effect of QC on QO, and MPD mediates the effect of QO on FP. Implications of these results for the hospital industry as well as for future research in the area are offered.     

加强高校科研经费财务监管工作对策探析

高校科研经费管理是科研工作持续健康发展的重要保障,财务监管工作是科研经费管理的重要组成部分。针对高校科研经费财务监管工作中存在的薄弱环节,文章从分析高校科研经费管理和使用中存在的问题及其危害性入手,探求原因,提出加强高校科研经费财务监管工作的对策。     

Using response behaviour theory to solicit survey participation in consumer research: An empirical study

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to report on research that examines survey participation rates (i.e. response rates) for personal interview surveys where solicitation for participation is based on different theories of survey-response behaviour in two culturally distinct countries. Field experiments were designed to investigate the extent to which the theories of exchange, cognitive dissonance, self-perception, and involvement/commitment can influence potential respondents to participate in a personal interview survey in Australia and Hong Kong. The results show that there were significant differences in Australia with the theory of self-perception having the strongest impact on survey-response behaviour, while cognitive dissonance has the least impact. In contrast, the effects in Hong Kong were not significant. This study adds to the limited empirical research regarding why consumers participate in surveys, particularly personal interview surveys. The theories are applied at the self-introduction and invitation to participate, which is a crucial stage in the potential respondent's decision about participation.     

The value of household life cycle variables in consumer expenditure research: An empirical examination

We examine why studies reach contradictory conclusions concerning the value of the household life cycle model as a predictive tool in consumer expenditure research. Using a database of roughly 14,000 Canadian households, we find that household life cycle variables do not generally enhance prediction over a more parsimonious model containing a basic set of socioeconomic and demographic variables, even when comparing less aggregated to more aggregated expenditure categories. However, they do enhance prediction for categories that are defined such that the typical users of the category fall into a fairly narrow age range. The theoretical and applied significance of our findings are discussed and directions for future research are offered. Copyright © 2007 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The state and evolution of information systems research in canada: a scientometric analysis

This paper investigates the state and evolution of information systems (IS) research in Canada as reflected in publications of the proceedings of the annual conference of the Administrative Sciences Association of Canada from 1974 to 2007. We present a scientometric analysis of (a) individual and institutional research outputs; (b) differences in three productivity score calculation methods: straight count, equal credit, and author position; (c) study topics; (d) research methods; and (e) use of student samples. Copyright © 2008 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.