对深化农村税费改革的思考

农村税费改革对于减轻农民负担，解决“三农”问题，无疑是一项重要的举措。但是在农村税费改革的过程中，仍然存在着一些亟待解决的问题。肯定了农村税费改革的成果，提出了在改革过程中存在的一些问题，并就进一步深化农村税费改革提出建议。     

重建农村税费改革涉农法律初探

农村税费改革是党中央、国务院为解决农村发展中出现的农民负担过重、干群矛盾激化等突出问题。加强农业基础、保护农民利益、维护农村稳定而做出的重大决策。本文简要阐述了农村税费改革的基本情况、取得的主要成效，分析了存在的问题，针对农村税费改革与传统涉农法律存在相抵触的问题，就进一步深化农村税费改革、巩固改革成果，对重建农村税费改革涉农法律问题进行了探讨。     

扎实推进农村税费改革

按照中央的部署，农村税费改革分两步进行。第一步改革从2000年选择安徽进行改革试点至2003年在全国推开，主要内容是“三取消、两调整、一改革”，概括起来就是六个字“减轻、规范、稳定”。现在，第一步改革工作已经基本完成。下一阶段的是第二步改革。主要任务是，在规范农村税费制度的基础上，按照完善社会主义市场经济体制的要求，     

浅谈如何搞好农村税费改革

2000年在安徽试行的农村税费制度改革，对从根本上减轻农民负担，保持农村社会稳定，促进农村经济和社会事业全面发展，具有十分重要的意义。但从试点情况看还存在一些问题，有待于进一步改革和完善。     

农村税费改革中的问题不容忽视

我国农村经济已经进人新的发展阶段。这个阶段的主要任务之一，就是对农村经济结构进行战略性调整，开辟农民增收的新途径。但是，近几年农民增收幅度逐年下降，而负担却有增无减，影响了农民的生产积极性。在这种情况下进行的农村税费改革，既是减轻农民负担的治本之策，又是促进农民增收的重要途径。但因为涉及到各方面的利益调整，农村税费改革试点遇到了一些难点和问题，必须认真研究，完善相应的配套措施，确保税费改革的成功。 一、河北省农村税费改革试点的成效与问题 ２０００年，河北省在沙河市等１４个县（市）开始进行农村税费改…     

全面推进农村税费改革

农村税费制度改革 ,是一项系统工程 ,政策性强 ,涉及面广 ,在实际操作中不可避免地存在一些焦点难点问题 ,需要我们认真对待 ,予以破解。同时 ,农村税费改革作为单项突破的农村分配制度改革 ,如果不与其他各项改革相配套 ,就不能从根本上解决农民负担问题 ,也不能从制度上促进农村生产力的发展。我们应该把农村税费改革当作继续深化农村改革的新起点 ,全面推进农村综合配套改革     

农村税费改革应当法制化

解决三农问题行之有效的办法是农村税费改革，而在这一改革过程中出现的许多问题根源是广大农村政府机构工作人员的法律意识淡薄，不能依法行政。因此，只有通过农村税费改革的法制化，才能最终解决三农问题对我国经济建设的困扰。     

总结经验 明确目标 全面深化农村税费改革

我省农村税费改革试点工作的成效和经验实行农村税费改革,是党中央、国务院解决“三农”问题的一项重大决策。按照党中央、国务院的统一部署,我省积极推进农村税费改革试点工作。考虑到广东农民总的负担不重的实际情况,我省农村税费改革试点工作按照“积极试点、积累经验、稳健实施、深化改革”的要求,从2000年开始局部试点,2002年扩大试点,2003年全省全面推开,2004年深化农业税改革,不断积累经验,完善政策,经过四年多的努力,取得了显著的成效,主要表现在以下几方面:(一)有效遏制了“三乱”,大幅度减轻了农民负担。农村税费改革,取消了“三…     

农村税费改革的相关改革

农村税费改革的成功，取决于一系列相关改革的顺利推进。财政体制改革、乡镇政府机构改革、农村基础教育改革、如何消解乡村债务、重构农村公共设施和公益事业建设体系，以及乡镇以上政府职能的转换是与农村税费改革直接相关的方面。     

农村税费改革若干问题思考

农村税费改革在我国进入全面推行阶段,虽然取得了明显的成效,但在理论和实践上仍存在一些亟待回答和思考的问题,回答和解决这些问题将加快我国农村税费改革进程,提高改革效果。 一、运用公共财政理论指导农村税费改革 按照市场经济要求构建公共财政基本框架,     

我国房地产税制的现状及改革构想

房地产税制是维护房地产市场公平竞争，实现国家对房地产业宏观调控的有力杠杆。然而，我国现行的房地产税制却存在税费不分、税制不统一、税制结构不合理等诸多问题。严重影响了其对房地产业应有的宏观调控作用。因此，适时地推进房地产税制的改革应是当务之急，应统一内外税制，合理界定税费的范围，建立统一、规范、合理的房地产税收体系。     

The Change in Productive Efficiency in Telecommunications in the United States

The question addressed here is whether the adoption of incentive regulation, which has become an important regulatory tool in the telecommunications industry in the USA, has resulted in a change in the technical efficiency of local exchange carriers in the USA. After providing an overview of the nature of incentive regulation, a methodology for measuring technical efficiency and its change is introduced. This is a multiple-output/multiple-input distance function approach to measuring technical efficiency. The results of implementing this approach for 19 local exchange carriers for the 1988-2001 period indicate that in the production of local service, intrastate toll/access service, and interstate access to local loops, there was no change in technical efficiency between the 1988-1990 period and the 1991- 2001 period, something that incentive regulation was specifically designed to promote.     

西部地区人力资本投资与知识化发展

人力资本投资在推动知识化发展的过程中存在自增强机制，通过促进人力资本保值增值，进行人力资源合理配置，改善配置环境和配置政策、完善配套措施，有助于充分发挥这一机制的功能，从而实现西部地区知识化发展。     

Age Discrimination in Employment in Canada

Issues pertaining to age discrimination in employment in Canada are analyzed with a view toward highlighting lessons that may be learned from the Canadian experience—an experience that is taking on increased policy importance. Reasons for the increased attention to age discrimination issues are outlined, followed by a portrayal of the age discrimination legislation and court interpretations in Canada, especially as they pertain to mandatory retirement. Enforcement aspects are discussed, as is the evidence on age discrimination in employment and the effectiveness of legislation with respect to age discrimination and mandatory retirement. The article concludes with a discussion of the lessons to be learned from the Canadian experience, especially with respect to the poorly understood but complicated relationship between age discrimination and mandatory retirement. Policy recommendations for strengthening age discrimination legislation are also outlined. (JEL J14 , J24 , J71 )     

Inequalities in Income Distribution in Slovenia

This article presents an empirical analysis of income distribution based on income tax data for Slovenia in 1991-2000. It presents evidence of rising inequalities in income distribution (gross income, gross wages and pensions). These results are supported by coefficients of variation, Gini coefficients and by the Lorenz curves. Inequalities increased rapidly in the 1991 to 1993 period. After a significant decrease in 1994 and a steady increase from 1995 to 2000, the peak value from 1993 was not surpassed. Atkinson's requirements for dominance comparisons are not violated. Inequalities are also present in the distribution of the benefits of economic growth among income groups.     

上海生态农业发展影响因素研究

文章分析了上海生态农业发展的影响因素,并利用计量模型进行检验,认为影响上海生态农业发展的主要因素有农业基础设施、农业劳动力资源、农业产业化水平、农业科技实力状况。     

Public participation in forestry in Turkey

Recently public participation in forestry has been seriously considered in Turkey. Participation is however quite a challenge for a country with a long tradition of top-down management and a strong bottom-up dependence on public provisioning. In such a setting, it may not be surprising that the experiences with public participation in forestry in Turkey are mixed. There are some positive initiatives like the creation of farmer's cooperatives and NGOs, but their role is quite limited and small of scale. This paper is bringing together different views based on existing studies in Turkish related to Turkey's experience with implementing public participation in forestry.     

Inter-enterprise arrears in economies in transition

In the context of economies in transition, the paper argues that an excessive liquidity squeeze could throw the economy into a persistent state of low economic activity. In such bad equilibrium, enterprise transactions become largely demonetized, with a chain of arrears, a form of involuntary credit, spreading over the entire system. The empirical analysis of the Romanian experience seems to support the view advanced in the paper.