基于酯交换法的植物油中脂肪酸的测定

目的：本实验通过酯交换气相色谱仪对30种植物油中的脂肪酸组分进行提取、分离和鉴定。方法：采用氢氧化钾-甲醇作为甲酯化试剂,用异辛烷提取待测组分,通过气相色谱仪对新疆地区各个种类植物油中的脂肪酸组成进行分析测定。结果：本组实验所测30份植物油中不饱和脂肪酸的含量均明显高于饱和脂肪酸含量,其中恰玛古籽油中的不饱和脂肪酸含量最高,其质量分数为89.83%。结论：采用酯交换法既简化了实验过程,节省了实验时间,又降低了检测成本以及试剂对人体的危害,真正实现了绿色化学的提取方式。同时通过实验结果分析,得到不同种类植物油中各类脂肪酸的分布信息,为新疆植物油中脂肪酸的相关研究提供参考。     

7种甘肃产植物油中脂肪酸成分的GC-MS检测分析

本研究采用酯交换法前处理7种甘肃产功能性植物油,并使用气相色谱质谱联用仪进行了检测。结果表明,7种甘肃产功能性植物油中各脂肪酸含量在0.01%～81.86%,7种植物油中含量最高的脂肪酸均为油酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸,除橄榄油外,其他植物油中不饱和脂肪酸含量均高于90%。     

葡萄籽油中脂肪酸成分分析

采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC—MS）研究了葡萄籽油中脂肪酸的组成。葡萄籽油中含有42种脂肪酸,不饱和脂肪酸含量为72．55％,其中必需脂肪酸一亚油酸含量为66．36％,葡萄籽油是一种营养很高的优质食用植物油。     

两种提取方式下红瓜子仁油成分分析

本文以红瓜子仁油为研究对象,采用两种提取方法对所获得红瓜子仁油的酸价、过氧化值、碘值、角鲨烯含量以及脂肪酸组分进行分析。结果表明,索氏提取法和水酶提取法两种提取方式下红瓜子仁油中酸价和碘值差异显著,角鲨烯含量分别为921 mg·kg^-1、926 mg·kg^-1,属于植物油中角鲨烯含量较高的一类油脂。索氏提取法所获得的红瓜子仁油脂肪酸种类为10种,水酶法提取所获得的红瓜子仁油脂肪酸种类为13种,但两种提取方法下红瓜子仁油脂肪酸组成相对含量相差不大。     

不同种类蔬菜中脂肪酸组成分析

依据GB 5009.168—2016采用气相色谱法测定了6种蔬菜中的脂肪酸组成及含量。结果显示,不同蔬菜中脂肪酸的种类和含量各有不同。6种蔬菜中共检出18种脂肪酸,其中棕榈酸的含量最高,平均含量为63.42%;西红柿、黄瓜、韭菜、土豆、胡萝卜和洋葱中分别检出10种、15种、11种、10种、17种和12种脂肪酸,主要脂肪酸为棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸。     

鸡精中动物性原料的脂肪酸含量分析

全面分析鸡精中常用的动物性原料中脂肪酸的种类及含量,包括鸡肉、鸡胸肉、鸡肉粉、全蛋液、全蛋粉和鸡油。研究结果表明,鸡油的总脂肪酸含量最高,而鸡胸肉中总脂肪酸含量最低但脂肪酸的饱和度最高。而鸡肉粉和全蛋粉含有较高的不饱和脂肪酸,因此脂肪酸饱和度较低。从脂肪酸的比例来看,鸡肉、鸡肉粉、全蛋粉的组成比例较为均衡,符合中国营养学会的推荐值。全蛋粉中ω-3脂肪酸含量最高,从ω-3和ω-6脂肪酸比例来看,鸡肉和全蛋粉的比例更加合理,符合世界卫生组织的推荐值。     

东北植物油脂与植物类群的关系

一、前言 植物油脂与食品、医药及工业的发展有紧密的联系,国内外都十分重视从植物界中扩大与寻找新油源。我组于1962年起除研究推广油莎草、文冠果、苍耳、芸芥及马泡瓜以外,[1·2·3·4·5·6],并采集了东北野生及栽培植物约600个样品,收藏300余种子标本,分析了棣属于58科260余种的种子油脂成分。本文将油脂的含量、碘值及脂肪酸组成与植物科的关系等加以归纳与讨论,联系国内外有关资料,探索东北植物油在植物类群中的分布规律,以期为科研与资源利用提供某些依据。 二、植物界中油脂的含量、 碘值和脂肪酸的概况。 植物油脂主要贮存在种子…     

精炼杨梅核仁油的理化性质及脂肪酸组成

对杨梅核仁毛油进行了精炼,并测定其理化性质和脂肪酸组成。结果表明,精炼后的杨梅核仁油酸价为0.80 mg KOH/g,过氧化值为0.024 g/100g。气相色谱法分析表明,杨梅核仁油含有10种脂肪酸,其中亚油酸含量达29.05%,不饱和脂肪酸(亚油酸、8,11-十八碳二烯酸和9,12,15-十八碳三烯酸)含量占总量的77%左右。Sn-2位脂肪酸主要由油酸、亚油酸组成。     

植物油加工行业分析及信贷支持策略

食用植物油是人们日常生活的必需品,植物油加工是直接关系到国计民生的基础性行业。通过深入了解分析植物油加工行业的发展状况,分析和研究所呈现的特点,预测其发展趋势和前景,探寻农发行信贷支持策略,合理地规避信贷风险,既能体现农发行在支持新农村建设中的农业政策性金融职能,又有利于农发行信贷业务的高效安全发展。一、植物油加工行业发展现状植物油脂是由脂肪酸和甘油化合而成的天然高分子化合物。在证监会的行业分类中,植物油加工业归属于制造业中的食     

稻米胚的开发利用与米胚油的保健功能

对稻米胚营养成分、分离提取、开发利用和米胚油理化指数、脂肪酸组成、某些特殊成分的营养保健功能等进行了较为系统的阐述。     

水解处理餐饮治水油生产混和酸的工艺研究

探讨泔水油水解工艺,直接用水作催化剂,适应成分复杂的餐饮泔水油,污水处理简单,从酸析、水洗、压力、温度、水解等条件进行研究。采用的工艺条件是：压力,3．2MPa;加水量,30％左右。同时需要指出的是,加水量一般是根据中性油的含量来计算,因为游离脂肪酸不需水解。     

超声波辅助提取黑豆油及其脂肪酸组成分析

采用超声波辅助法,以石油醚为溶剂提取黑豆油。考察了提取时间、提取温度、料液比和超声波功率对黑豆油提取效果的影响。结果表明,提取黑豆油的优化工艺条件为：提取时间9rain,提取温度58℃,料液比1：9,超声功率110W,在此条件下,黑豆油得率达到83．83％。对黑豆油进行GC—MS分析可知,黑豆油的主要脂肪酸有棕榈酸19．24％、亚油酸46．28％、油酸18．62％和硬脂酸7．3％等,其不饱和脂肪酸含量达68．98％。     

甘肃省食用植物油供需波动变化研究

食用植物油是人民群众的生活必需品,其消费量已成为衡量一个国家人民生活水平的重要标志,并在国家食物安全中占有重要的地位,保障其供给安全,对促进经济发展和社会稳定具有重要意义。文章收集整理了1978~2012年甘肃省油料作物和食用植物油相关数据,运用速度法和数理统计等方法,从产量、供给、需求、消费量、库存消费比等方面,分析研究甘肃省食用植物油供需波动变化情况。研究得出油料市场供给基本满足消费需求,但油料作物种植发展缓慢,产业化水平较低;食用植物油供需波动处于紧平衡状态,自给率仅为76%左右,省外购进的量远远大于外销量,消费需求的增长速度超过产量的增长,食用植物油缺口较大,同时存在种植品种与加工品种、品种结构与市场需求、区域性产销不协调之处。通过综合分析研究,构建了"以自给为主,贸易调剂为铺"的供给模式,提出了提高食用植物油安全供给的政策选择,为甘肃省食用植物油发展提供了新思路和科学依据,对保障甘肃省食用植物油安全供给具有重要意义。     

Segmentation of the Industrial Market for Food Commodities- A Conjoint Study of Purchase of Vegetable Oils in the Mayonnaise and Margarine Industries

Abstract

The purpose of the study presented in this article is to examine whether the concepts developed in the area of industrial buying behavior can add to the understanding of commodity purchasing behavior, and segmentation of commodity markets. The industrial market for vegetable oil was chosen as the outset of the study, because it is characterized by the appearance of changing demands and technological opportunities, which potentially can lead to differentiation possibilities.

The article describes a framework for the study of industrial buying of food commodities and the results of a conjoint study based on interviews with oil purchasers in the margarine and mayonnaise industries in Denmark, Sweden, Germany, the United Kingdom and Switzerland. The main result of the study is that the price is an omnipotent decision criterion, when vegetable fats and mayonnaise producers buy vegetable oil, but also that product and supplier criteria can be used to segment the market, if the price premium is held within limits.     

Do they always say no? German consumers and second‐generation GM foods

European consumers and, in particular, German consumers are known to be very critical toward the introduction of genetically modified (GM) foods. It is analyzed here whether German consumers do reject second-generation GM foods, too. Whereas first-generation GM crops induced producer-related benefits, second-generation GM crops are associated with consumer-oriented benefits like an improvement of nutritional quality. The determinants of demand for second-generation GM rapeseed oil are investigated within an online survey of 1,556 German consumers. It is elaborated how two functional properties of the product matter; that is, long-chain omega-3 fatty acids and the cholesterol-lowering effect of phytosterols. It turns out that GM rapeseed oil is neglected by 74% of all respondents. Output traits, however, will increase the probability of purchases of GM rapeseed oil. This is more the case for long-chain omega-3 fatty acids than for phytosterols.     

Estimating the health care savings from trans fat-free canola in Canada

Growing scientific evidence links consumption of trans fatty acids in the diet to elevated levels of cholesterol and therefore to coronary heart disease. Coronary heart disease is the single largest contributor to health care costs in Canada (both direct medical costs and indirect costs in the form of lost productivity). As with many industrialized nations, rising public health care costs are a major public policy concern in Canada. The major source of trans fats is hydrogenated vegetable oils and processed food products. New canola varieties are emerging which enable the production of canola oils that are virtually trans fat-free. This paper evaluates the potential savings in public health care costs from a trans fat-free canola oil. Using four scenarios and conservative assumptions, the paper estimates non-trivial potential health cost savings in the range of Cdn$280 million to Cdn$1.09 billion annually. A number of policy implications are discussed.     

海边月见草种质资源及其开发利用前景

海边月见草主产于福建滨海沙滩地月见草属野生物种,资源相当丰富 ;其适应性强,具有耐盐碱,耐瘠薄,抗旱及抗风力等抗逆性;种了 中不饱和脂肪酸含量高,亚油酸含量达80.12％; 种子与花粉营养成分丰富且全面;作为新型的油脂植物,地被植物和盐碱地改良先锋植物等开利用,前景广阔。     

El Niño southern oscillation and its effects on world vegetable oil prices: assessing asymmetries using smooth transition models

In this research, we examine the effects of El Niño southern oscillation (ENSO) on market dynamics of major vegetable oil prices. We adopt a smooth transition vector error correction modelling framework to analyse the impacts of ENSO events on the vegetable oil prices and, more interestingly, to investigate the asymmetric nature of the ENSO dynamics and price responses to ENSO shocks. The results confirm self‐exciting type nonlinearities in the ENSO dynamics, and presence of the so‐called transactions cost band in the system of vegetable oil prices. These nonlinearities yield the history‐specific asymmetries in the vegetable oil price dynamics, wherein effects of ENSO shocks on the ENSO dynamics and the vegetable oil prices vary considerably between different ENSO regimes. In general, positive deviations, El Niño events, result in the vegetable oil price increase, while negative deviations, La Niña events, result in decrease in the prices. We illustrate these effects using generalised impulse‐response functions and the derived asymmetry measures.