Voluntary disclosures of intangibles information by U.S.-listed Asian companies

This paper provides evidence on the voluntary disclosure of intangibles information for U.S.-listed Asian companies. The paper examines the following issues: (1) the effect of firm size, ownership concentration, proportion of foreign revenue, and leverage on voluntary disclosures of intangibles information by U.S.-listed Asian companies; and (2) the use of international standards, and the effect of domestic and global culture on those disclosures. Results indicate that larger firms, firms with greater ownership dispersion, and firms with lower leverage provide more voluntary disclosure of intangibles information. The paper also documents that companies from countries that are more individualistic provide more voluntary disclosure of intangibles information than companies from countries that are collectivist. Therefore, it appears that domestic culture does affect the voluntary disclosure of intangibles information in the U.S. This paper uses the index developed for Portuguese companies by Oliveira, Rodrigues, and Craig (2006), to measure voluntary disclosures of intangibles information thereby providing external validity to their instrument.     

International operations and voluntary disclosures by U.S.-based multinational corporations

This study uses analysts' ratings of firms' disclosures to examine how the differences between U.S. and foreign disclosure environments affects the voluntary disclosures of U.S.-based multinational corporations. We hypothesize that these different disclosure environments discourage U.S-based multinationals from releasing costly information to competitors. Examining how these differences impact U.S. MNCs' reporting may further our understanding of the relationship between voluntary disclosures and differences among countries' accounting standards. Furthermore, it may explain how convergence of mandated accounting standards might impact voluntary disclosures. Controlling for industry membership, firm size, profitability, earnings-return relations, and capital market activity, we find that U.S. firms with more extensive foreign operations tend to provide fewer voluntary disclosures. These results are most robust for informal and flexible disclosures, such as investor relations, where the findings indicate a negative relation between foreign operations and disclosure.     

美国市场形势好转

<正>美国劳工节过后,飓风给美国市场造成的沉闷 气氛似乎缓和。原油和汽油价格有所回落、股市强劲 上涨、灾区部分炼油厂即将恢复生产。但美国专家警 告说,能源市场的不确定因素仍然很多,油价上行的 可能依然大于下降。     

Intellectual capital disclosures by South African companies: A longitudinal investigation

Most of the previous studies on intellectual capital disclosures have been conducted from developed countries' context. There is very limited empirical evidence in this area from the context of emerging economies in general and Africa in particular. This paper is one of the early attempts in this regard. The main purpose of this study is to examine the extent and nature of intellectual capital disclosures in ‘Top 20’ South African companies over a 5 years period (2002–2006). The study uses content analysis method to scrutinise the patterns of intellectual capital disclosures during the study period. The results show that intellectual capital disclosures in South Africa have increased over the 5 years study period with certain firms reporting considerably more than others. Out of the three broad categories of intellectual capital disclosures human capital appears to be the most popular category. This finding stands in sharp contrast to the previous studies in this area where external capital was found to be most popular category.     

无所不在的监管

三管齐下 美国银行监管部门主要有联邦储备银行(FED)、货币管理局(OCC)和存款保险公司(FDIC).如果银行是上市公司,还要接受证交会(SEC)的管理.联储主要用货币政策来引导银行业和整个经济金融活动,货币管理局主要对银行准入退出进行管理,存款保险公司主要就会员银行存款进行保险.前两者无须谈及,因为我国已把有关监管职能从中国人民银行分离出来成立了银监会.问题在于我国有无必要成立存款保险公司呢?回答是肯定的.     

A new mandate for human resources

Should we do away with HR? In recent years, a number of people who study and write about business--along with many who run businesses--have been debating that question. The debate arises out of serious and widespread doubts about HR's contribution to organizational performance. Dave Ulrich acknowledges that HR, as it is configured today in many companies, is indeed ineffective, incompetent, and costly. But he contends that it has never been more necessary. The solution, he believes, is to create an entirely new role for the field that focuses it not on traditional HR activities, such as staffing and compensation, but on business results that enrich the company's value to customers, investors, and employees. Ulrich elaborates on four broad tasks for HR that would allow it to help deliver organizational excellence. First, HR should become a partner in strategy execution. Second, it should become an expert in the way work is organized and executed. Third, it should become a champion for employees. And fourth, it should become an agent of continual change. Fulfilling this agenda would mean that every one of HR's activities would in some concrete way help a company better serve its customers or otherwise increase shareholder value. Can HR transform itself on its own? Certainly not--in fact, the primary responsibility for transforming the role of HR, Ulrich says, belongs to the CEO and to every line manager who works with the HR staff. Competitive success is a function of organizational excellence, and senior managers must hold HR accountable for delivering it.     

美国评估业务类型介绍

相对于其市场经济的发达程度,美国也是一个评估业十分兴旺和活跃的国家.从1890年开始第一个评估业务后,美国评估业已走过了百年历程.经过百年的漫漫发展和磨砺,美国评估业的服务已渗透到经济生活的各个层面,评估服务业务类型包罗万象,既有针对商业交易、财务报告、税收、法律诉讼、保险、融资及政策法规等目的出具企业和资产价值意见的评估业务,也有大量针对交易、企业内部管理和投资、重组等与价值相关的评估咨询服务.评估标的包括了企业价值、无形资产、不动产、机器设备、珠宝首饰、金融工具、实物期权等各种类型的资产.评估服务对象不仅包括联邦政府、私人公司、司法部门和有关公共部门,还包括个人业主和普通社会公众等.     

Pricing Models: A Bayesian DSGE Approach for the U.S. Economy

This paper compares and estimates three pricing mechanisms in the context of a small DSGE model of the U.S. economy. We interpret our results as favoring the pricing mechanism presented in Wolman (1999 Wolman model) over the New Keynesian model with indexation ( Gali and Gertler 1999 , Smets and Wouters 2004a ) and the sticky information model of Mankiw and Reis (2002) . The key factor that explains the performance of the Wolman model is that the data reject the key assumption of the New Keynesian model that the firm's probability of price change is constant over time and independent of the contract's vintage. Our results also show that incorporating indexation in the New Keynesian model represents a poor expedient in matching the autocorrelation function of the inflation process over the last 20 years.     

Examination of U.S.-based Japanese subsidiaries: Evidence of the transfer of the Japanese strategic cost management

As a result of global competition, many Japanese companies are now operating in the United States. This article presents a survey of the management accounting methods employed by U.S.-based Japanese manufacturers and documents evidence about the current direction of accounting practices that are being transferred from Japan to the U.S. work environment. The results of the study show that most of the U.S.-based Japanese firms are similar to Japanese domestic firms in their use of management accounting methods of target costing and value engineering, variable costing, and strategic adaptation of traditional methods such as standard costing and budgeting. It is also evident that U.S.-based Japanese affiliates may be influenced by U.S. practices, as shown by significant usage of activity-based costing and internal rate of return for evaluating capital investment projects. This article is an important part of a continuing effort to study the development of management accounting among foreign-owned subsidiaries in the U.S., helping them to meet the challenges of global competition. Additionally, expanding this line of research on foreign subsidiaries that apply world class management accounting practices in other countries may assist U.S. multinational firms in their overseas subsidiaries' operations. Two limitations of this study and, thus, suggestions for future research are identified. First, the data on U.S.-based Japanese affiliates were collected for one point in time. Second, this study did not match each U.S.-based Japanese affiliate with its parent in Japan.     

美日存款保险制度借鉴

银行作为一个高风险的行业,极易受到挤兑传染和流动性危机的冲击,为了维护金融体系的安全稳定,许多国家都采取了建立金融安全网来解决这一问题。存款保险制度作为金融安全网的一个重要的组成部分,已被越来越多的国家所采用。实践证明：它在保护存款人的利益,提高公众对银行的信心,进而维护金融体系的安全与稳定方面,发挥着举足轻重的作用。当然,存款保险体系并不是万能的,不能取代监管当局的审慎监管职能。本文将美国和日本的存款保险制度作了详尽的阐述和比较,旨在更好地理解和把握美日存款保险制度基础上,能够学以致用。“他山之石,可以攻玉。”虽然美日的存款保险制度各有所长,但我们不能照搬,只有在借鉴其先进经验的基础上,建立适合我国国情的存款保险制度,才能维持金融体系的安全和稳定,从而保证国民经济的持续快速健康发展。     

反倾销锐：美国、欧盟与中国的比较

我国的反倾销立法刚刚起步，很多方面的规定都不够细致、全面，借鉴欧美国家的反倾销做法，增强我国倾销法的可操作性，尤其是细化正常价格、出口价格和倾销幅度的认定，在我国目前非常主要。     

欧洲银行在美掀起并购狂潮

欧洲人吹响“进军”号角 2004年2月4日,绿点金融公司的股东惊喜万分,因为在这一天,两家英国银行——汇丰控股和苏格兰皇家银行对于收购绿点金融都表示出浓厚的兴趣。投资者在预期合并成功的情况下报出高价,数小时内,绿点金融公司的股票暴涨10％,达到每股44.50美元。无独有偶,总部设在旧金山的普罗威登金融公司的丑闻曝光两天之后,普罗威登金融公司可能被英格兰巴克莱银行吞并的消息也随即传出。     

多元化经营,跟着战略走--当代美国银行业考察报告

编者按:2002年9月～2003年9月,中国工商银行湖北省分行副行长郑子术先生作为访问学者被中国工商银行总行派往美国著名学府--宾夕法尼亚大学学习一年.其间,作者除学习了有关经济、金融专业课程,听取了有关经济、金融的专题讲座,还访问了一些主要银行,特别是到纽约银行等银行进行了为期四个月的实习.本文记载了作者在美国的所见所闻及对当代美国银行业的认识.     

赴美IPO：热潮再起

2014年6月11日下午,美国堪萨斯城一个私人机场候机厅内,43岁的智联招聘CFO郭健民和他的路演团队正在与远在万里之外的墨尔本大股东召开电话会议。这日,这家目前中国最大的网络招聘平台要在这个机场里完成首次公开募股（IPO）的股票定价和股票配售工作,以为第二天智联正式登陆纽交所作准备。     

中美贸易争端和为贵

国务院总理温家宝这一趟美国之行,被许多媒体欢呼为“取得了历史性的胜利”。好像我们又打赢了一场朝鲜战争一样,这些天的媒体上唱好声一片,锣鼓喧天。除了布什总统被逼得破天荒地说“反对台湾任何形式的独立”这样咱不知是否言不由衷的话外(要知道,过去美国死活不说“反对”两个字,只是强调“不支持”,可这两者却是有很大区别的),中美在贸易战千钧一发之际达成了共识:和则两利,斗则两伤,以和为贵。     

A Multi-Product Cost Study of the U.S. Life Insurance Industry

This paper reports estimates of overall and product specific economies of scale, as well as, economies of scope for the main outputs of the life insurance industry. In addition, the paper presents a number of structural tests of the production technology. The results indicate that the estimated cost function satisfies the regularity conditions, that the industry exhibits overall and product specific economies of scale, and that there are significant economies of scope between the main lines of business.     

Relevance of U.S.-GAAP for Japanese companies

We use differences in U.S.-GAAP and Japanese-GAAP accounting measures to evaluate the value-relevance of U.S.-GAAP reports. We show data provided in U.S.-GAAP financial statements of Japanese firms is value-relevant beyond that contained in domestic-GAAP statements. Our results complement extant research and support the proposition that U.S. reporting methods provide value-relevant data. Understanding the value-relevance of data from Japanese firms is important in its own right because of the major role these firms play in intenational markets. We also provide evidence on significant transnational firms that voluntarily provide U.S.-GAAP statements.     

美国财务舞弊症结探究

美国近期刮起的财务舞弊案风暴不仅使投资者和债权人损失惨重 ,也使社会公众对美国公司界丧失信心。这一连串的恶性财务舞弊案凸显出美国制度安排的结构性缺陷 ,迫使人们反思这些舞弊案的症结所在。本文提出 ,华尔街本末倒置的盈利预期、公司界扭曲的股票期权激励机制、独立董事摆设性的督导模式、管理咨询机构有失偏颇的出谋献策、准则制定机构对规则基础游戏规则的偏好 ,以及会计职业定位紊乱重心偏离审计业务 ,是导致美国财务舞弊屡禁不止的六大病因。