and moderate earthquake of intensi

d story change sharply. When the test is at the stage of major earthquake, because of damage to transfer story and vicinity stories, part of earthqua     

Nonlinear and asymmetric returns on customer satisfaction: do they vary across situations and consumers?

Customer satisfaction is generally acknowledged as a key determinant of the value a customer contributes to a firm. Following the widespread recognition that the relationship is nonlinear and possibly even asymmetric, the authors develop a framework for understanding and predicting functional differences across consumers and situations. The resultant conceptualization proposes two general categories of moderating factors: Type I moderators, which induce functional changes by impacting the underlying comparison standards employed in the CS formation process, and Type II moderators, which cause the function to change by altering the interplay of cognitive and affective modes of the satisfaction experience. The authors employ firm reputation as an example of a Type I moderation and customer involvement as an example of a Type II moderation to illustrate differences between these types of moderation and to highlight how exactly each type of moderation changes the functional nature of the focal relationship. Specifically, a firm with a strong reputation benefits from a broader zone of tolerance than a firm of minor reputation, and highly involved customers react more intensively to extreme changes in satisfaction than do low involvement consumers.     

The Relationship between International and Domestic Soybean Prices in the Long Term and Short Term——An Empirical Study Based on Cointegration Theory and Error Correction Model

基于1998年1月-2010年11月的月度数据,利用协整理论以及误差修正模型等方法对国际大豆市场和国内大豆市场之间的关系进行实证分析.研究结果发现:国际国内大豆市场价格之间在长期具有均衡稳定的协整关系,国际市场大豆价格的波动显著影响着我国市场大豆价格的变动;国际大豆价格波动向国内市场传导的过程具有由短期波动到长期均衡的自我修正的动态机制;国际国内大豆市场反向的因果关系并不成立,国内大豆市场对国际大豆市场影响有限.因此,为维持我国大豆市场价格的稳定,需要采取有效措施,建立国际价格预警体系,提高国内大豆产量,完善农产品期货市场,充分发挥农产品进口及收储政策的调控作用.     

The effects of customer acquisition and retention orientations on a firm’s radical and incremental innovation performance

The effect of a firm’s strategic focus on acquiring new customers and/or retaining existing customers (customer acquisition and retention orientations) on innovation performance is evaluated. With dyadic primary data collected from 225 strategic business units, the authors demonstrate that a firm’s focus on customer acquisition enhances its radical innovation performance but hinders its incremental innovation; a firm’s strategic orientation toward customer retention has the opposite effects. These effects are mediated by both customer knowledge development and the firm’s resource configuration decisions. In addition, the authors provide insight into the impact of managerial decision trade-offs when implementing customer engagement strategies. The results suggest that the effect of customer acquisition and retention orientations on customer knowledge and investment decisions, and ultimately on innovation performance, is amplified when a firm consistently implements a specific engagement strategy. Implementing a dual strategy by attempting to focus on both acquiring and retaining customers undermines resource configuration decisions, with diverse effects on both radical and incremental innovation.     

Creating commitment and loyalty behavior among retailers: what are the roles of service quality and satisfaction?

As a result of weakening brand image/loyalty, little differentiation, and intense price competition, manufacturers are now increasingly pressed to ensure retailers’ shelf space and/or salesperson attention. This research contributes to the literature by empirically examining an underrepresented body of literature in the B2B context—retailer loyalty. Specifically, this study fills a gap by investigating retailer evaluations of the technical and relational dimensions of a manufacturer’s order fulfillment service quality as predictors of retailer satisfaction, affective versus calculative commitment, and ultimately loyalty behavior. Results suggest that both technical and relational order fulfillment service quality influence satisfaction, which in turn positively affects both affective and calculative commitment. By separating the affective and calculative dimensions, loyalty behavior is associated directly only with affective commitment. Further examination reveals that relational order fulfillment service quality has a direct impact on affective commitment. When the sample was split based on “share of wallet,” results suggest that satisfaction impacts both affective and calculative commitment, regardless of “share of wallet.” For “high share” retailers, the positive relationship of calculative to affective commitment creates an indirect route (through affective commitment) by which calculative commitment affects behavioral loyalty.     

Constructing the Win-win situation between Capital and High-tech

China is expected to realize its all-around comfortable life as well as industrialization within 20 years or so. The statethus carries out an array of new strategies, such as, in terms of regions, the strategies of all-around development of thewestern area and the northeast area's industry bases, and in terms of industries, the strategies of rationalizing industrystructure, speeding up the development in high-tech industry as well as improving traditional industries by means ofhigh tech. Definitely, the high tech industry plays a vital part in not only residents'daily life such as food, clothes,housing as well as transportation but the process of rationalizing industry structure, signaling that with the soaringdevelopment in China economy, its high-tech industry is to enjoy another spring.     

ied,scored and sequenced to the coll

ata relevant to the soil fertility in the selected plots by using PCA.The result showed that the score of 13 years-old Eucalyptus camalduensi     

Why and how do creative thinking techniques work?: Trading off originality and appropriateness to make more creative advertising

The research examines the effects of divergent and convergent creative thinking techniques on creative ideation processes. To analyze these effects an experiment is undertaken on advertising creatives, account executives, and students. Results demonstrate that divergent thinking techniques improve the idea originality of account executives, but not creatives. Alternatively, creatives produce more appropriate ideas by using convergent thinking techniques, yet account executive performance is clearly harmed by them. Few effects are seen on the student control group, who lack both knowledge of techniques and the domain. The findings suggest that creativity techniques are not a one-size-fits-all proposition but need to be tailored to the person and the situation in which they are applied. Implications for researchers and marketing managers are discussed.     

Our Mother Tongue and Its Culture in English Learning

1.IntroductionAccording to the Sapir - Whorf Hypothesis, thelanguages we learn as a child (i.e., mother tongues)strongly influence the ways we think and view theworld. It is inevitable that in learning a second lan-guage transference happens and learners tend to per-ceive meanings in the second language (L2) from theirown culture. When speaking English, we may subcon-sciously transfer it into Chinese in mind. Differencesbetween two cultures affect the L2 learning in someway. There has been…     

The antecedents and consequences of manufacturer–distributor cooperation: an empirical test in the U.S. and Japan

We develop a conceptual model for studying the antecedents and consequences of achieved and optimal levels of manufacturer–distributor (M–D) cooperation. We hypothesized that levels of market turbulence, competitive intensity, and the manufacturing firm’s strategic type (i.e., prospector, analyzer, or defender) affected the optimal level of M–D cooperation. We also hypothesized that the level of under- and overachieving the optimal levels of cooperation negatively affects firm performance. The conceptual model is tested using empirical data collected from 295 manufacturing firms in the U.S. and validated using data collected from 104 distributors in the U.S. We also collect data from 255 Japanese manufacturing firms and 98 Japanese distributors. The empirical results support the model’s hypotheses with only one unexpected finding: in the Japanese sample, overachieving the optimal level of cooperation has a greater negative effect on performance than underachieving. We conclude by discussing theoretical and managerial implications.

Do managers know what their customers think and why?

The ability of a firm’s managers to understand how its customers view the firm’s offerings and the drivers of those customer perceptions is fundamental in determining the success of marketing efforts. We investigate the extent to which managers’ perceptions of the levels and drivers of their customers’ satisfaction and loyalty align with that of their actual customers (along with customers’ expectations, quality, value, and complaints). From 70,000 American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) customer surveys and 1068 firm (manager) responses from the ACSI-measured companies, our analyses suggest that managers generally fail to understand their firms’ customers in two important ways. First, managers systematically overestimate the levels of customer satisfaction and attitudinal loyalty, as well as the levels of key antecedent constructs such as expectations and perceived value. Second, managers’ understanding of the drivers of their customers’ satisfaction and loyalty are disconnected from those of their actual customers. Among the most significant “disconnects,” managers underestimate the importance of customer perceptions of quality in driving their satisfaction and of satisfaction in driving customers’ loyalty and complaint behavior. Our results indicate that firms must do more to ensure that managers understand how their customers perceive the firm’s products and services and why.     

英语“A and B”结构的认知分析

通过分析结构语言学和认知语言学对“A and B”研究的不足,指出“A and B”体现了数量象似性、顺序象似性及标记象似性原则,且体现了重要的意象图示。此外,语序上A先于B,但在信息结构上B却是句子的信息凸显。     

Characteristics of Qiyugou Gold Deposits and Their Prospecting Perspective Geological Setting

The study area is located at the Yu—Huai Folded Zone withinthe southern margin of North China Platform.The strata of theArchean Taihua Group and Middle Proterozoic Xionger Group widelyspread over this area,the former composed of deeply metamorphosedvolcanic-sedimentary rocks and the later,mainly of meta-andesites.Both of these two groups act as the country rocks of all types ofgold ores here occurred.The major struc tures in this area and the     

Where does pride lead? Corporate managerial hubris and strategic emphasis

A firm’s strategic emphasis on value creation versus appropriation, which is typically reflected in its resource allocation between R&D and advertising, is a central corporate decision that significantly influences financial performance. However, the drivers of such decisions remain underexplored. This study identifies a significant predictor of strategic emphasis, namely, corporate managerial hubris, and reveals some of its boundary conditions. Leveraging a unique dataset based on text mining of press releases issued by over 400 firms across 13 years, the authors demonstrate that high corporate managerial hubris predicts low strategic emphasis on advertising relative to R&D. However, this effect is mitigated significantly by firm maturity, corporate governance, and industry-level strategic emphasis. The results provide novel insights into the effects of hubris on firm spending, the situations wherein marketing decisions tend to be subject to managers’ psychological bias, the means of preventing over- or under-investment in marketing strategy, and the recruitment and training of managers.     

以and为例看高阶合并的语用认知机理

英语中and的功能主要是用来构建合取的逻辑关系。其在并集对称合并时参与成分可以呈现句段推导的始发关系,也可以是推导中的主流模式(中心语+合并项)。     

When and how does sales team conflict affect sales team performance?

Drawing on information processing theory, this study integrates the conflict and learning literatures to examine an under-examined area in sales research: When do sales team task and relationship conflicts influence sales team performance, and what is the underlying process by which this occurs? Although there is burgeoning interest in sales research at the team level, very few empirical studies have shed light on sales team dynamics such as conflict and how they impact sales team performance. This study attempts to address this gap by developing a mediated moderation model and finds that (a) task and relationship conflicts have negative impacts on sales team performance, (b) team information exchange and information interpretation/implementation mediate the negative relationship between task and relationship conflicts and sales team performance, and (c) task and relationship conflicts stifle sales team performance when the team makes little use of a collaborative conflict handling style because this interactive combination (task/relationship conflict–low collaborative conflict handling style) hinders team information exchange and interpretation/implementation. Implications for conflict management in sales teams are discussed.