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城市土地置换开发项目费用及融资研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文章界定了城市土地置换开发的涵义 ,分析了城市土地开发项目的成本和费用构成、融资主体和资金来源 ,在此基础上 ,重点探讨了土地置换项目资本金和债务资金的筹措。文章认为 ,资本金筹措主要包括政府出资和投资入股资金两种方式 ;债务资金筹措有政策性银行贷款、房地产开发企业流动资本金贷款、地产抵押贷款、发行土地置换开发债券和借助房地产证券化等五种实现方式 相似文献
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2013年全球经济缓慢复苏和低速增长,大多数矿产品价格震荡下行,矿业经济面临多重困难。同时,全球矿业呈现出勘查热点和投资区域转移、矿业并购趋于谨慎等新趋势,矿业企业的社会责任意识也逐渐增强。未来矿产品价格可能会出现小幅回升,但涨幅不会过大;国际矿业市场的去金融化和成本上升等一系列经营压力,将促进矿业企业更加科学合理地投资经营,并带来了新一轮的并购机遇。建议从全球资源战略布局、转变政府职能、加强地质资料管理、引导资源综合利用、推动负责任的开采等方面加大力度。 相似文献
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This article provides an economic explanation regarding why the share of U.S. pork raised on company-owned farms with hired management (integration) is increasing relative to production through independently owned-and-operated contract growers (contracting). The article develops a property rights model that shows how in certain circumstances production contracts do not transfer sufficient control over the use of production assets to intermediaries. On the other hand, integration removes certain grower incentives, with the result that production on company farms tends to be relatively costly. Practical examples of factors that influence the likelihood of full integration are emphasized. 相似文献
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Bruno M. Leite José Ricardo Lôbo José Reinaldo Mendes Ruas Fernando Ferreira Cibele Geeverghese Mariane Leão Freitas Vitor S. P. Goncalves 《Journal of Agricultural Economics》2018,69(1):262-276
One of the cornerstones of the National Program for Control and Eradication of Bovine Brucellosis and Tuberculosis in Brazil is the voluntary accreditation of free herds. We developed a stochastic cost–benefit analysis model for two types of dairy herds (high yield Holstein‐Zebu crossbred females and lower productivity smaller scale herds) to identify the technical and economic constraints of this process. The initial prevalence of infected animals and the impact of the disease in the structure and performance of the herd were derived from secondary data. Information on the costs and benefits of herd sanitation were compiled into a cost–benefit model at the herd level. The last step consisted of a scenario simulation to evaluate the impact of alternative policies to the certification process. For each scenario, we calculate the probability over time of a Benefit–Cost Ratio greater than 1 and of an Internal Rate of Return above 1% (the discount rate used in the model). Results show that larger and more intensive dairy farms, and also herds affected by brucellosis compared with tuberculosis‐positive herds, are more likely to achieve financial gains from the certification investment. The compensation for culled animals is important in the initial phase of herd sanitation and the premium payment on milk would help farmers to achieve a return on the investment over time. The model can be adapted to different and dynamic production, epidemiological and economic settings. 相似文献
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对土地征用中外部性的经济学思考 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
随着城市化、工业化的不断加快,大量农地被征用。然而在征地过程中,过低的征地补偿费产生了一系列的外部成本,最终导致土地资源配置效率低下,威胁粮食安全,影响社会稳定,为经济发展带来了隐患。因此,必须根据市场公平价格原则来确定征地补偿价格,提高征地补偿费,并妥善安置失地农民,尽量消除因征地引发的各种不安定因素,减少外部成本对城市化和工业化的影响,促进城市化和工业化快速持续的发展。 相似文献
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假日旅游对于扩大国内需求市场有一定的帮助,同时在一定程度上调整了我国的消费结构,通过对假日旅游消费各个层面进行深入分析,指出"黄金周"现象只是一种"即期繁荣"式的假日消费,从长期来看"黄金周"长假对刺激消费作用有限,并且,长假后社会经济成本急剧上升,而长假所带来的收益却因为我国经济自身的发展(摆脱紧缩局面)而减少.我们应该理性看待假日消费所带动的经济增长,重视其不经济的一面,积极寻求变革的有效途径. 相似文献
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公益性地质调查工作的经济学分析 总被引:2,自引:3,他引:2
对公益性地质调查工作进行经济学分析,需要满足经济学研究的前提条件或假设。在市场经济体制下,地质调查工作成果(产品)属性与生产、使用、管理问题,以及国家地质行业的产业政策等是经济学研究的重要内容。如何才能有效利用公益性地质调查工作投资,使公益性地质调查工作成果(产品)社会福利最大化,是公共产品生产与管理的关键问题。 相似文献
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Jeffrey Gillespie Richard Nehring 《The Australian journal of agricultural and resource economics》2013,57(2):178-192
Economic performance measures of organic and transitioning‐to‐organic cow–calf farms are compared with those of non‐organic cow–calf farms. A method of matching samples is used for the comparison, estimating sample average treatment effects for the subpopulation of the treated. Each organic farm is matched with one non‐organic farm that is involved in the same beef industry segments and farm size classes, and in the same region. Furthermore, farmer demographic, farming system, and technology variables are used to identify matches. Bias is reduced by estimating separate weighted regression functions for the treated and untreated groups. Results suggest that higher cost of organic production is due primarily to higher capital recovery, taxes and insurance, and overhead costs. Evidence is found for differences in beef enterprise profitability by organic status. 相似文献
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The economic impact of adopting herd health programs for mastitis and reproduction by small-scale dairy producers of Central Thailand was assessed using a policy analysis matrix (PAM). Following a reduction in the incidence of bovine disease on adopter farms, an increase in private net profits is observed. More importantly the social costs of supporting dairy farmers is reduced; the PAM effective protection coefficient was reduced by 35% for mastitis program adopters and by 44% for reproductive program adopters, indicating improved social efficiency of dairy policy. Other indicators of efficiency and policy implications are discussed. 相似文献
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从同质性成员合作的囚徒困境到异质性成员的合作均衡,收益大的成员将成为合作的发起人。但在农业合作社中,"民主管理"以及"严格限制分红"等传统合作社原则将会影响到大户的合作收益。本文以中国农民合作经济组织的成员关系为例,运用合作博弈方法从投资激励和谈判力量两个层面建立概念框架,从合作收益分配的视角对他们之间的合作动因进行剖析,然后对目前农业合作社中专业大户带动小户的合作均衡进行探讨,认为市场供求状况是促使大户与小户合作的重要因素,从而弱化了大户在带动小户合作时对政策性推动的依赖。 相似文献
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Michio Watanabe Richard M. Adams JunJie Wu 《American journal of agricultural economics》2006,88(3):617-631
This article examines the allocative efficiency of water quality management activities to protect endangered salmonid species in a heterogeneous watershed in the Pacific Northwest. Using an integrated hydrological, biological, and economic modeling framework, the relative efficiency of alternative policy targets such as temperature reductions and enhanced fish populations is investigated. Results indicate that the heterogeneous nature of riparian conditions and stream morphology influence the choice of management activities. Localized effects of management efforts on temperature are important to achieve small temperature reductions. However, as the desired magnitude of temperature reductions increases, the cumulative (longitudinal) effects become more important, and management efforts in more distant reaches are more efficient than efforts nearer the point of monitoring. Finally, if the underlying objective is to increase fish populations, targeting conservation efforts based on physical criteria such as water temperatures or other total maximum daily load regulations may lead to substantial inefficiencies. 相似文献
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研究目的:分析中国土地财政与经济增长之间的内在关系。研究方法:文献分析法,计量经济分析。研究结果:(1)在全国范围内,现阶段土地财政指标与经济增长之间存在着单调递增的关系,暂时否定了本文所构想的土地财政库兹涅兹曲线假说;(2)在东、中、西部地区,土地财政指标与经济增长之间的关系虽然呈现出不同的曲线形态,但就现阶段而言,三大区域的土地财政指标在经济增长过程中都呈上扬之势;(3)城镇化、工业化在全国及三大区域对土地财政指标发挥着不同程度和不同方向作用的影响。研究结论:要化解土地财政引发的各类矛盾与问题,应该从财税体制、政绩考核体制和土地制度改革的顶层设计入手,充分考虑区域差异,系统构建分类治理土地财政的区域差异化制度体系和管控对策。 相似文献
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增长方式的转变是促进我国水产养殖产业发展的强大动力 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
我国水产养殖业快速增长的历程,正是从粗放经营向集约经营转变的过程。促进水产养殖增长方式转变基本途径:一要以市场为导向,按市场需求组织生产;二要依靠科技进步,提高产业的整体素质;三要推进产销一体化经营;四要深化改革,继续抓好产业化、科技化和法制化建设 相似文献
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《国际粮食与农业综合企业市场学杂志》2013,25(2-3):97-115
Abstract The dichotomous-choice Logit model is applied on data from the Malaysian Household Expenditure Survey (1998/99) to examine household purchase decisions of food-away-from-home (FAFH). Results indicate that younger, higher educated, wealthier, smaller-sized families, urban residents, or Malay and Chinese households have a significantly higher likelihood to purchase FAFH, ceteris paribus. In addition, gender does not impact FAFH purchase decisions in a statistically significant manner. Based on these findings, several observations are noted to provide policymakers and food industry analysts with a better understanding of the habits and attitudes of Malaysian households visa-vis FAFH. 相似文献
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渔业经济学思考之二:渔业经济学与渔业管理学的关系 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
本文通过在人性假设、渔业从业者相互关系、研究领域、研究方法等方面比较分析,揭示了渔业经济学与渔业管理学的不同之处,并据此分析了二者的联系,提出相应的结论和建议. 相似文献
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从人文历史、自然地理、市场和国家政策4个方面分析了宁夏滩羊品牌形成的原因,进而从品种变化、质量和数量变化、市场丧失、政府和牧民利益冲突4个方面分析了实施退牧还草政策后对宁夏滩羊品牌产生的影响。研究发现,国家政策的提出是导致宁夏滩羊品牌受到影响的一个主要原因,并从4个方面对保护宁夏滩羊品牌提出了取消全境禁牧,实行划区轮牧;加大草场建设;统一管理;建立信息、技术服务网络,同时加强科技培训,提高基层科技人员和养殖户的素质;建立健全相关制度等对策建议。 相似文献
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国外森林可持续经营经济学研究综述 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
森林经营范式从木材持续收获经营转向森林可持续经营,并且森林可持续经营成为林业经济学的主要研究内容,这要求林业经济学拓展其研究领域,并召唤森林可持续经营经济学。主流经济学中涌现出各种新的理论形成了众多的经济学分支学科,它们在解决森林可持续经营的实践问题的同时,也为森林可持续经营经济学提供了理论来源。其中,生态经济学对森林可持续经济学的发展具有重要的理论贡献。森林可持续经营经济学对传统林业经济学理论模型的批判与修正也需要生态经济学的自然资本理论的发展。 相似文献
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