Learning about hardiness and servant leadership by accompanying refugees at a united nations resettlement camp

The internationalization of curriculum has contributed to a number of models for study abroad programs, service learning, and global engagement. Some frameworks are intentionally grounded in program theories and objectives shared by multiple stakeholders and the mission of the sponsoring academic institution. This article describes an international program inspired by a partnership between a Jesuit University and the United Nations agency charged with the purpose of safeguarding the rights and well‐being of refugees. The international program was grounded in the practice of accompaniment and theoretical frameworks of hardiness and servant leadership. These principles are described in the context of the curriculum, objectives, activities, and outcomes. The article concludes with lessons learned and future direction for design and delivery.     

集装箱码头发展策略的选择

层次分析法和灰关联综合评价法都是应用十分广泛的评价方法。文章将这两种系统评价方法结合起来．形成了一种多目标多层次的综合评价方法，并将这种方法应用于以增加码头效益为目的的各种方案的综合评价。实例应用结果证明，该方法简明易行。比较有效。     

Measuring user similarity using check-ins from LBSN: a mobile recommendation approach for e-commerce and security services

ABSTRACT

Social friendship and geographical position information often reflects individuals’ personal preferences and other types of knowledge that can be used to extract their similarity for recommendation systems. This paper finds that users are more likely to move around some specific centres or check in at some hotspots; a few individuals check in frequently, whereas most locations are rarely visited. Based on these findings, we propose a multi-centre clustering algorithm to capture users’ mobile patterns and develop a user similarity measurement method. Complexity analysis shows the method’s efficiency in handling large datasets and experimental results demonstrate its good applicability.     

A Systematic Study of Change Management During CMMI Implementation: A Modified Activity Theory Perspective

This study proposed a modified activity theory framework, complemented by a dynamic time axis, to analyze each organizational change stage of a two‐phase capability maturity model integration (CMMI) maturity level adoption case. The study revealed the following results: At the planning stage, the involvement of senior executives determined the positive attitude toward change. At the getting started stage, employees' clear recognition of change objectives determined the change effectiveness. At the letting go stage, department heads got involved, understood, and provided both support and mediating activities to achieve the actual benefits. At the completion stage, performance was used as a measurement tool to help internalize the change into new capabilities.     

Leader prototypicality moderates the relation between access to flexible work options and employee feelings of respect and leader endorsement

Organizations are increasingly offering flexible work arrangements (FWA), which are associated with a variety of individual and organizational outcomes. Supervisors may support, discourage or prohibit employees’ access to and use of such programs. These actions and decisions can affect employees’ feelings of being respected, and their endorsement of their supervisor – that is, matters that affect employees’ motivation to work in pursuit of group and organizational goals. In the present paper, we take a fresh look at these relationships by proposing, in line with the social identity approach, that they are moderated by leader in-group prototypicality (i.e. the supervisor’s representativeness of group identity). Results from two large sample surveys a year apart at one organization show that employees with supervisors who allow more FWA feel more respected as well as express stronger endorsement of their leaders. Importantly, both of those relationships are moderated by the degree of the supervisor’s in-group prototypicality, but in opposite ways. The association of FWA allowance with respect increases slightly under conditions of higher prototypicality. However, the association of FWA allowance with endorsement of leaders increases more strongly under conditions of lower prototypicality. The discussion considers theoretical, practical and research implications of these findings.     

A new approach to public investment

Public investment decisions are usually based on multiple objective criteria. In this paper, Optimal Investment Decision Problem is formulated as a Multicriterion Optimal Control Problem. Apart from accounting for the multiple objectives, the dynamics of the economic system can also be incorporated in this formulation. Some techniques of solving these problems are discussed and trade-off schemes for the various objectives are suggested through the associated shadow prices.     

Defining efficient policies in a general equilibrium model: a multi-objective approach

Macroeconomic policy makers are typically concerned with several indicators of economic performance. We thus propose to tackle the design of macroeconomic policy using Multicriteria Decision Making (MCDM) techniques. More specifically, we employ Multi-objective Programming (MP) to seek so-called efficient policies. The MP approach is combined with a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. We chose use of a CGE model since it has the dual advantage of being consistent with standard economic theory while allowing one to measure the effect(s) of a specific policy with real data. Applying the proposed methodology to Spain (via the 1995 Social Accounting Matrix) we first quantified the trade-offs between two specific policy objectives: growth and inflation, when designing fiscal policy. We then constructed a frontier of efficient policies involving real growth and inflation. In doing so, we found that policy in 1995 Spain displayed some degree of inefficiency with respect to these two policy objectives. We then offer two sets of policy recommendations that, ostensibly, could have helped Spain at the time. The first deals with efficiency independent of the importance given to both growth and inflation by policy makers (we label this set: general policy recommendations). A second set depends on which policy objective is seen as more important by policy makers: increasing growth or controlling inflation (we label this one: objective-specific recommendations).     

基于团队合作学习的目标教育方案实践研究

目标教育是学校思想政治教育工作的重要组成部分,对学生的成长成才起着至关重要的作用,推进目标教育的关键是构建符合学院实际的科学合理的目标教育方案,本研究将团队合作学习的理念引入目标教育实践中,依据各年级学生的特点和需要构建不同的团队合作学习小组,以活动为载体,取得较好的教育效果。     

Electronic data interchange: a strategic approach

The potential of EDI is virtually unlimited, but the success of any EDI initiative hinges on its ability to directly support strategies that achieve your institution's business objectives. At its most fundamental level, EDI technology automates current business practices, speeding up the exchange of business information. This application of EDI most often is found in a hospital's material management department. But EDI integrated internally within a hospital and externally with suppliers and vendors has the potential to go beyond simple automation and to transform processes. This is where the full value of EDI can be realized. No matter which level of EDI participation hospital management decides is appropriate to fulfill its business objectives and strategies, EDI will affect the entire institution's exchange of information with its internal and external audiences. The question management must answer is: Will the hospital's EDI strategy be offensive and managed, or defensive and reactive? Today's environment leaves no room for a "no-strategy" EDI option. The options are either to proactively shape EDI, or reactively play catch-up. EDI can work for you. Adequately developing an EDI game plan in support of your business objectives and calling on your suppliers and other trading partners to work with you will ensure EDI is an asset to your facility.     

The trend toward accountability: What does it mean for HR managers?

The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the accountability trend and what this trend means for HR managers. We begin by defining performance measurement and its relationship to performance management and evaluation. We then discuss the legislative incentives behind federal performance measurement, such as the Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA), that are designed to improve the effectiveness, efficiency, and accountability of taxpayer funded programs and how these initiatives affect HR programs. Following this, we review the implications for HR professionals and the fundamental concepts of performance measurement, including common performance measurement methodologies. Finally, we conclude by highlighting the challenges of implementing a performance management system, as well as lessons learned from agencies who have implemented performance measurement or management systems in the past.     

医院的企业文化体系内涵与核心能力培育

医院文化(Hospital Culture Management,HC)和医院文化管理(Hospital Culture Management,HCM)是医院管理的重要组成部分。医院文化可以分为显性文化和隐性文化二类,前者指管理规章制度体系,后者指企业的价值观、道德伦理和经营宗旨等方面,两者互为促进。为开展好医院文化建设管理,笔者给出了5个方面的建议,这些都是基于笔者长期实践的认知。     

对需求论会计目标的质疑与会计目标的重新构建

决策有用观是目前对会计目标比较一致的观点，但不能将“决策有用性”简单地理解为唯需求决定目标，单纯靠需求决定会计目标有循环谬误之嫌。彻底否定真实收益的现实计量可能性是过于武断的。放弃对真实收益的追求，会计就缺少了目标定位，将会失去方向。会计目标应当分为终极目标、基本目标和具体目标三个层次，具体目标应当是基于资源优化配置的以决策有用的真实收益为核心的目标体系。     

基于知识增加值的业务流程质量评价

首先,引入了知识增加值概念,介绍了运用知识增加值评价业务流程质量的三种方法及其步骤。其次,为了更深刻地理解知识增加值,通过一个案例来说明知识增加值的核算步骤,并且与传统的作业成本分析法进行比较。最后,指出了知识增加值在实际应用过程中可能碰到的问题。但是,可以确信,随着知识经济的发展,知识增加值这种新的方法是会得到更为广泛的应用。     

国际工程施工技术人才培养目标及其实现途径

就施工企业对国际工程施工技术人才的要求进行了调研分析,确立了高职院校国际工程施工技术人才的培养目标;并提出培养目标的实现途径为:编制人才培养方案、构建课程体系、建设师资队伍和实训条件;最后介绍了国际工程施工技术人才培养的实践效果。     

Planning models for non-cooperative situations: A two-player game approach

In the analysis of urban systems, attempts are usually made to subdivide the system into a set of interest groups, according to the.pursuit of certain common purposes. The behaviour of each group is described in terms on an objective and a set of variables under its control. Groups may be linked through the occurrence of variables controlled by other groups either in their objectives, in their constraints, or both. In this paper, the problem is addressed, whereby equilibrium states are sought for situations where one group is the planning authority, exercising policy instruments to influence system outcome at a level different to that required to reasonably describe the macro behaviour or objectives of all groups in the system, including the authority itself. The principles are illustrated on some specific models, and alternative means of handling various classes of intergroup linkages are investigated.     

Government intervention on cooperation,competition, and coopetition of humanitarian supply chains

We considered a humanitarian environment composed of donors and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that the non-profits may adopt competitive or coopetitive inter-organizational interaction for managing the disasters. We also assumed that the government intervenes in the relief operations by applying one of its two policies; social welfare maximization (SWM) or budget consumption minimization (BCM). Using game theory (GT) approach, we develop 4 scenarios and, as a result, 4 mathematical programming models for examining the effect of the NGOs interactions and the government policies on the performance of donors, NGOs and government. We find that coopetition of NGOs facilitates the achievement of the government's objectives, and it also helps the non-profits to become more successful in providing relief. The government prefers to provide the indirect relief to the nonprofits to manage emergency operations successfully, and the financial aids are given only in the condition of reducing the level of NGOs cooperation. We also conclude that the cooperation of NGOs increases the donors' utility. A numerical example is conducted to test the findings of the models.     

The coordinated development approach

A development office desires to emphasize major and planned gifts in order to build the results of its fund raising. Many institutions now have separated the three programs of giving and operate each as a separate entity. While there are certain unique steps that need to be taken for each program, the linkage and even overlap of these sources of revenue need to be crafted into a development operation.     

Efficient allocation of subsidies to college students

This paper describes how the standard economic constrained maximization model can be applied to improve the efficiency of allocation of subsidies to college students. After a general discussion the model is applied to the allocation of a subsidy to freshman students at the University of California according to equity objectives. This model suggests that student subsidy programs should be based on explicit consideration of student willingness to pay for college in relation to carefully specified enrollment objectives. The administration of such a program would require changes in the currently used financial “need” approach to student subsidy programs. The case is made that the necessary changes are feasible.     

Optimal administrative geographies: An algorithmic approach

Centrally planned Beveridge healthcare systems typically rely heavily on local or regional “health authorities” as responsible organisations for the care of geographically defined populations. The frequency of reorganisations in the English NHS suggests that there is no compelling unitary definition of what constitutes a good healthcare geography. In this paper we propose a set of desirable objectives for an administrative healthcare geography, specifically: geographical compactness, co-extensiveness with current local authorities and size and population homogeneity, and we show how these might be operationally measured. Based on these objectives, we represent the problem of how to partition a territory into health authorities as a multi-objective optimisation problem. We use a state-of-the-art multi-objective genetic algorithm customised for the needs of our study to partition the territory of the East England into 14 Primary Care Trusts and 50 GP consortia and study the tradeoffs between objectives which this reveals.     

基于ABM和BSC的绩效管理体系重构

近年来,在企业全球化的大环境下,全球各产业的竞争日趋激烈,这种变化迫使企业重新审视其经营目标、发展战略以及绩效评价体系。文章在简要的阐述BSC和ABM机理的基础上,提出了基于BSC和ABM的企业绩效管理体系的构架,并对其构架步骤展开了分析。