船舶应急操纵状态下人的可靠性分析方法

根据影响船员人因可靠性的因素,构建船舶应急操纵状态下人因可靠性评估指标体系;然后通过借鉴CREAM方法的分析思想,构建船舶应急操纵状态下的人员可靠性评估模型。最后,将此方法应用于某运营于国际航线的干散货船舶进行应急状态下船舶操纵人因可靠性分析,分析结果表明该方法简单易行,结果合理,很适合于当前评估船舶应急作业状态下的人因可靠性。     

电气自动化控制设备的可靠性分析

电气自动化在现代社会不断得到创新和发展,从而被大范围的应用于各行各业。然而在应用的过程中,如果自动化控制设备不可靠将阻碍电气自动化的发展。本文主要介绍提高电气自动化控制设备的可靠性的意义,方法和策略。     

The Reliability of Family Background Effects on Status Attainment: Multiple Informant Models

This article sets out to investigate to what extent conventional retrospective measurement of family background leads to biases in the effects of family background in status attainment research. Multiple informant models show that the effect of father’s educational attainment on respondent’s educational attainment is 41% greater than conventional research suggests, and that the effect of father’s occupational status on respondent’s educational attainment becomes zero. The direct effect of respondent’s educational attainment on respondent’s occupational status is 21% greater after the unreliability in the respondent’s answers has been taken into account. We conclude that measurement error seriously biases conclusions about the status attainment process in the Netherlands.     

供应链固有可靠性和运作可靠性研究

依据供应链的不同阶段,将其可靠性分为固有可靠性和运作可靠性。为简化计算,提出供应链基本单元的概念,给出两种可靠性的分析方法。     

A Latent Class Application to the Multidimensional Measurement of Poverty

The paper presents the multidimensional measurement as a transparent and easy-to-interpret method to measure poverty, where poverty is measured with a set of direct and indirect poverty indicators side-by-side. Multidimensional measurement is formalised and compared to the traditional, one-dimensional measurement. This formalisation is based on the idea about a set of indicators that are measuring different manifestations of the same latent variable. The Latent Class Model (LCM) is proposed as a method to select a valid and reliable set of poverty indicators for multidimensional measurement. The LCM is used to test if these different poverty indicators really measure the same latent referent – an assumption on which the multidimensional measurement is based. Before this method presented here, constructing and selecting indicators for the multidimensional measurement of poverty has relied practically on theory and substance only. Naturally, the method presented here can be used generally for studying and developing multidimensional measurements.     

变压器继电保护可靠性探讨

电力变压器是电力系统中的重要组成部分,对电力系统的输电和配电工作起着十分关键的作用。笔者就电力变压器的可靠性进行简要的研究,并为电力系统的稳定运转提供相应的参考性意见。     

自攻螺钉连接可靠性研究

钣金件之间主要使用自攻螺钉连接,但如果自攻螺钉出现滑丝,则对产品质量有重大影响。本文将从多个角度分析导致自攻螺钉滑丝的原因及如何消除自攻螺钉滑丝,提高自攻螺钉连接可靠性。     

Inconsistencies Across Three Contextual Meanings of Reliability

The purpose of this article is to assess the nature of reliability and its inconsistent definitions across three contextual (conceptual, measurement and statistical) levels under the traditional true score theory. Due to such inconsistencies, two existing quantitative approaches (using r and covariance) are not uniformly understood in Psychology and other disciplines; consequently, their applications to measurements and testings are limited to ambiguous interpretations at the conceptual and measurement levels. To examine the extent of this problem, a questionnaire including various contextual definitions and interpretations of reliability in the literature was distributed in a nationwide survey. Results from six groups of experts representing editors, professors and advanced graduate students in both quantitative and clinical areas indicate that all subject groups generally agreed that a reliable instrument possesses the characteristics of the repeatability of responses of all test-takers at the conceptual level, and the reproducibility of the instrument with little or no variations from the underlying true scores at the measurement level. However, between the editors and noneditors, the endorsements of the common definition at the measurement level show obvious discrepancies. Further, at the statistical level, significant differences were found not only between but also within subject-groups in their interpretations of product-moment correlations and Alpha coefficients for the assessment of reliability at the conceptual and measurement levels. The causes of such inconsistencies were discussed in terms of the inherent limitations of the two statistical approaches used and their insufficiencies for indexing the conceptual and measurement meanings of reliability. Finally, this paper called for developing new statistical indices that are coherent with conceptual and measurement definitions. Before such development, the capacities of existing reliability indices shall be redefined and their application qualifications shall be proportionally re-established for educational, research and clinical purposes.     

浅谈交流电梯平衡系数的检验案例

本文主要通过我们的一次对新办公大楼的新安装电梯进行监督检验的案例,对我国电梯的平衡系数进行了详细的探讨和研究,供同行参考。     

电力系统配电网可靠性与经济性问题研究

配电网处于整个电力系统的末端,配电网的可靠性直接影响到用户的使用,与用户直接相关联。长期以来,配电系统的可靠性都备受关注。为了更好地保证配电网的可靠性,很多国家都在研究配电网的评估模型。另外,配电网在整个电力系统的投资中占了大约六成,所以,配电网的经济性也是必须要考虑的问题。本文首先对配电网可靠性经济进行分析,然后简单介绍了影响配网可靠性的因素,以及一些应对措施。     

纵观企业理论变迁史

企业是社会经济发展到一定阶段的历史产物,随着时代的变迁和发展,对企业理论的解释也在不断演化,各学派的经济学家对企业的阐述可谓是众说纷纭。亚当·斯密、马克思、马歇尔、科斯和奈特等经济学家都对企业理论的发展起到了至关重要的作用。文章从企业理论发展的时间脉络,梳理出两百多年来出现的一些关键的企业理论,以及笔者对众多企业理论的个人观点,揭示出企业理论由抽象的理想型向现实企业逐步靠近的发展方向。     

汽车柴油发动机可靠性试验的重要性和必要性

文章针对当前汽车柴油发动机产品在可靠性方面存在的主要问题,结合国家试验标准,通过列举某台国产汽车柴油机可靠性试验中出现的故障情况及排除措施,纠正此类可靠性试验保养操作中的常见误区,阐明进行汽车柴油机可靠性试验的重要性和必要性。     

继电保护可靠性及其风险评估研究

继电保护系统对电力系统的正常运转起到了很重要的作用。本文通过研究继电保护的可靠性来探讨其风险评估,为电力系统的正常有序发展提供参考。     

浅谈对影响检测结果准确性和可靠性诸因素的控制

目的:对影响检测结果准确性和可靠性主要因素的进行控制。方法:运用过程方法的理论分析"检测"这一过程,确定影响检测结果准确性和可靠性的主要因素,采取适当方式对各种影响因素进行控制。结果:对影响检测结果的"人"、"机"、"料"、"法"、"环"、"测"等因素实施有效控制,是确保检测结果准确性和可靠性的有力措施。结论:采用适当的方法对检验结果的准确性和可靠性进行评价,及时发现诸影响因素存在的问题,积极采取有效的纠正和预防措施,将使检测工作质量不断改进和提高。     

The Validity of Laboratory Research in Social and Behavioral Science

The validity of artificial situations is often questioned, and particularly so the possibility of transfer of findings to the real world. Such questions, or doubts, may stem from a rigid distinction between real and artificial situations or from too strict a notion of representation. This article will argue that `the real world' does not provide unambiguous criteria for representation and that, moreover, many experiments and simulation games do not have to represent `the real world' in any direct way. Both issues are usually treated under the heading of external validity, which means compliance to conventions that dominated thinking about validity over decades. These conventions need to be reconsidered. Quality standards for research must not be rigid, nor should be applied in a way that ignores the characteristics of a particular research project. Fixed notions about validity may prevent a researcher from adapting validation procedures to the circumstances at hand. The article takes issue with a conception of external validity as surface resemblance between artificial and real situations, advocates an active, non-routine approach to validity questions, and encourages individual researchers to develop a line of reasoning on these questions instead of adhering to standards that may not suit their particular research.     

物流企业营销分配的可靠性管理研究

综合考虑了市场竞争中顾客需求和营销策略费用因素，从追求理想顾客满意度条件下营销投入最省的角度出发，建立了物流企业营销分配的最优化数学模型，运用可靠性原理和方法，对算法进行了优化，并给出计算实例。     

电测仪表测量误差及对策分析

本文介绍了系统误差、操作人员误差、检测仪表误差、与检测方法误差的形成原因和相应的解决对策,提供了减小甚至消除电测仪表测量误差的方法。     

提高10kV配网供电可靠性的技术措施探讨

影响10kV配网供电可靠性的因素是多方面的,涉及到供电企业管理各环节。对供电可靠性的管理是项系统且复杂的工程,要加强每个环节、每个过程的管理。本文分析了影响10kV配网供电可靠性的因素,给出了提高供电可靠性的措施。     

《国家学生体质健康标准》中心血管机能测试指标的信度研究

通过实验和分析对比方法对几种心血管机能评价指标的可靠性进行研究,并对影响可靠性的因素进行分析与探讨,研究结果表明:两种不同负荷时间的台阶试验的可靠性较高,耐力跑测试的可靠性一般。同时,在考虑了身高、体重因素后,台阶试验的可靠性又有显著提高,因此建议,在计算台阶试验指数时,应加入身高、体重因素。