我国黄金市场发展探讨

作为全球黄金市场的重要组成部分,我国现已形成上海黄金交易所黄金现货及衍生品市场、上海期货交易所黄金期货市场和商业银行场外市场共同发展的黄金市场格局,市场规模不断扩大。本文在回顾我国黄金市场发展历史及现状的基础上,分析了当前黄金市场存在的问题,并就我国黄金市场的进一步发展提出建议。     

《2007-2008年度黄金市场研究报告》（精选）（上）

一、2007年世界黄金市场运行概况 2007年，随着黄金价格的快速上涨，主要交易所的成交量明显放大。全球黄金市场规模呈现飞速发展，伦敦现货市场仍然是全球黄金现货交易的主要市场，而COMEX、CBOT和东京商品交易所仍然稳坐期货交易所的前三把交椅。新兴市场的交易所也有了长足的进步，其中印度大宗商品交易所和土耳其的伊斯坦布尔黄金交易所发展十分迅速。     

我国黄金市场发展问题探究

目前我国黄金市场已经初步形成了一个由场内市场和场外市场共同构成的较为完整的市场体系。但作为正在融入全球黄金市场的一个新兴市场,我国黄金市场与国外成熟市场相比还存在很大差距。文章对我国黄金市场发展现状进行了概述,并在借鉴国际成熟黄金市场成功发展经验的同时结合我国黄金市场发展的具体情况,在把握国际黄金市场发展趋势的基础上对我国黄金市场的发展问题做了较为详细的探讨。     

推进上海黄金市场发展的战略研究

我国黄金市场已初步构建了黄金投资产品体系、黄金交易体系、黄金交易服务体系、黄金市场客户体系和黄金市场管理体系.但是,中国黄金市场作为正在融入全球黄金市场的一个新兴市场,与成熟市场相比还有很大差距.因此,根据我国黄金市场实际,本文提出推进上海黄金市场发展的相关战略措施.     

借鉴国际经验健全我国黄金市场监管体系研究

近年我国黄金市场保持较快发展势头,2010年场内黄金现货交易居全球首位,黄金期货交易全球第六。然而,相对于黄金市场业务的较快发展,我国黄金市场监管体系建设相对滞后,多头监管与部分场外黄金业务监管缺位并存,影响市场监管效率。本文通过比较分析美国、英国等发达国家黄金市场监管体系,从法律法规、监管职责、准入管理、基础设施等方面,对构建我国黄金市场监管体系提出了政策建议。     

2005年国际国内黄金市场运行分析

2005年，国际黄金市场备受关注，受基本面变化等因素影响，黄金价格呈现持续上扬走势；国内黄金市场交易规模继续扩大。市场功能不断提升；展望2006年，在全球黄金产量继续下降，投资需求持续强劲、美元汇率或将走低等因素的作用下，黄金价格长期涨势可能还会延续。     

美国黄金市场及其监管体系的借鉴与启示

自1974年美国解除黄金购售禁令后,美国黄金市场保持快速发展势头,形成了以合格机构投资者为主的市场体系,并成为全球最大的黄金期货市场和黄金ETF市场。与此同时,美国政府建立了由政府主导、行业协会和交易所自律管理相结合的,分工明确、定位清晰的黄金市场监管体系。本文从产品体系、基础设施、法律法规、监管体系、准入管理等方面,较为全面的分析了美国黄金市场及监管体系,以期对构建我国黄金市场监管体系提供借鉴。     

黄金价格：在危机中独舞

2009年第2个月份,黄金让全球投资者眼前一亮。在全球金融危机继续逞威的背景下,股票、外汇、大宗商品整体表现低迷,而黄金独特的避险功能,以及在当前资本市场中相对稳定的收益,吸引着避险资金不断流入黄金市场。市场高涨的避险情绪给黄金市场打了一针强心剂。     

日本黄金市场监管体系研究

本文从日本黄金市场发展历程出发,对其市场交易规模、市场结构、参与主体进行研究,进而深入分析日本黄金市场尤其是黄金期货市场监管体系架构,总结了其在黄金市场发展过程中的经验和教训,以此为中国发展黄金市场和完善监管制度提供借鉴。     

中美黄金市场的价格发现和动态条件相关性研究

本文运用向量误差修正模型、Hasbrouck信息份额分析法和Engle(2002)提出的动态条件相关多元GARCH模型,研究从2004年11月18日至2008年11月17日期间,中国黄金市场与美国黄金市场的价格发现和动态条件相关性。实证结果发现:中国黄金市场现货和美国黄金市场期货、ETF三者间存在长期均衡关系,美国黄金市场ETF和期货在价格发现过程中居主导地位;中美黄金市场间的相关性随时间变化而动态改变,上海黄金交易所开设夜市交易及延长夜市交易时间,增加了两个市场的关联性,但中国黄金期货的推出和2008年全球金融危机的加深,又使中美黄金市场间的相关性有所降低。     

Debt and Taxes and Uncertainty

With a graduated personal tax schedule, Miller showed that there could be an equilibrium debt supply for the corporate sector as a whole. In the presence of uncertainty there is also a unique debt/equity ratio for each individual firm, and this ratio is related to the firm's operational risk characteristics. However, if firms merge and spin off in response to tax incentives, the identity of firms is ambiguous and only the corporate sector is a meaningful construct. These arguments are developed in both discrete and continuous models that employ extensions of the arbitrage-free pricing theory.     

教育与资本怎样的前景怎样的现实

来自政府的声音: "动员各种社会资源,发展教育" 此次论坛上财政部长助理张少春的发言是最受关注的发言之一.他的演讲传达出的信息有这样几方面:第一,谈到现实,他认为全社会对教育的巨大需求与我国公共投入不足已成为我国教育事业发展的突出矛盾.近年来,以公共部门投入为主,多渠道筹措教育经费的教育投入机制成为解决这一问题的重要途径,也使得公共部门与私营部门在教育领域的合作日益密切.第二,谈到前景,他认为,1.中国经济持续、快速的增长对高技能人才产生巨大的需求,这为私营部门的参与提供了广阔空间.2.随着公共财政职能的不断完善,财政资金将在各项教育事业中重新进行分配,进一步优化财政支出结构,提高资金的使用效率.在"十一五"期间,我国将把公共支出的重点转移到农村.我们将逐步把全体农村适龄儿童的义务教育全部纳入公共财政体制.     

Director gender and mergers and acquisitions

Does director gender influence CEO empire building? Does it affect the bid premium paid for target firms? Less overconfident female directors less overestimate merger gains. As a result, firms with female directors are less likely to make acquisitions and if they do, pay lower bid premia. Using acquisition bids by S&P 1500 companies during 1997–2009 we find that each additional female director is associated with 7.6% fewer bids, and each additional female director on a bidder board reduces the bid premium paid by 15.4%. Our findings support the notion that female directors help create shareholder value through their influence on acquisition decisions. We also discuss other possible interpretations of our findings.     

Political corruption and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between political corruption and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that local corruption increases firm acquisitiveness but decreases firm targetiveness. The levels of corruption in acquirer areas relate positively to the bid premiums and negatively to the likelihood of deal completion. Corruption motivates acquiring firms to use excess cash for payment, which mitigates the negative effect of corruption on acquirer shareholder value. The evidence indicates that acquisitions help acquiring firms convert cash into hard-to-extract assets and relocate assets from the high to low corruption areas, thereby shielding their liquid assets from expropriation by local officials.     

East and west and north and south : A preliminary model

The Brandt report and other proposals for a new North-South world order continue to be the focus of lively debate, yet it is often argued that little concrete has emerged from their recommendations. A major reason for this, the author argues, is that the East-West conflict component is not sufficiently taken into consideration-East-West tensions are a severe constraint on and a determining factor of North-South relations. Using influence diagrams, the author develops a flexible framework for discussion and assessment of N/S-E/W relations.     

Trust and cross-border mergers and acquisitions

A number of studies suggest that social trust matters for investment. Using different measures of trust from World Values Survey, we show that countries where people display higher levels of trust engage in more cross-border M&A activities. When they do, these acquirers pay lower premiums. To the extent that these acquirers also tend to engage in larger acquisitions as well, our findings suggest that a larger selection pool of potential targets and higher value targets enable these acquirers to negotiate for lower premiums. We do not find evidence of the significant effect for target country trust levels. Hence, trust may benefit those acquiring firms in cross-border transactions.     

Tournament-based incentives and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between tournament-based incentives, which are proxied by the difference between a firm's CEO pay and the median pay of the senior managers, and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that tournament-based incentives are positively related to firm acquisitiveness and acquiring firms' stock and operating performance. Further analysis indicates that positive acquisition performance increases the likelihood of the CEO being promoted from inside the acquiring firm. Our evidence is consistent with the view that tournament-based incentives motivate acquiring firms' managers to make greater efforts and take more risk that result in superior acquisition performance.     

Corporate Innovations and Mergers and Acquisitions

Using a large and unique patent‐merger data set over the period 1984 to 2006, we show that companies with large patent portfolios and low R&D expenses are acquirers, while companies with high R&D expenses and slow growth in patent output are targets. Further, technological overlap between firm pairs has a positive effect on transaction incidence, and this effect is reduced for firm pairs that overlap in product markets. We also show that acquirers with prior technological linkage to their target firms produce more patents afterwards. We conclude that synergies obtained from combining innovation capabilities are important drivers of acquisitions.