Urban Symbolic Violence Re‐Made: Religion,Politics and Spatial Struggles in Istanbul

The symbolic and physical map of Istanbul has undergone dramatic shifts over the past four decades. Squatters—the persistent underdogs in this huge metropolis—have mounted an attack against established economic and cultural hierarchies. This challenge has transformed the structures of symbolic violence through the production of an alternative urban space (contentious neighborhoods and districts, teahouses, innovative district and street layouts, and ‘Islamic’ internal and external architecture). In the process, the meanings of urbanity and provinciality, of secularity and Islam, have been altered—and stigma, along with urban rent, has been systematically redistributed (although redistribution has been far from egalitarian). The dominant sectors ultimately absorbed the attack: squatters remained subordinated, but the terms of subordination have changed. A synthesis of Bourdieu and (a geographically revised) Gramsci sheds light on this process of challenge and absorption in and through urban space.     

RBTO模式下产品架构、流程架构与供应链架构决策协调研究

进行产品、流程与供应链设计决策的协调是推进快速按订单生产模式(RapidBuild-to-Order)的重要手段。对三维设计决策协调宏观层面的架构决策协调进行了研究,分别描述三维架构形式并分析其对推行RBTO的影响作用,继而构建三维架构决策协调矩阵作为三维架构决策协调的工具。