Foreign Investment in Establishing Business-starting Investment Enterprises

The enterprise can be either in the non-legal-person organization form or in the corporate organization form. As to non-legal-person organization, investors shall bear joint liabilities for its debts.     

Foreign Investment in Establishing Law Firms

1. A representative office of a foreign law firm in China and its representatives may engage in the legal services.
2. A representative office and its representatives shall engage in the following legal activities excluding Chinese legal affairs：     

Threshold Lowered for Foreign Investment in Leasing Companies Lowered

In the past, the lowest threshold for foreign investment in leasing companies was US$5million. Now there is no "special limitation" for that. The trans-corporations including General Electric are staring at the RMB 100 billion profits in China's leasing market.     

Threshold Lowered for Foreign Investment in Leasing Companies Lowered

In the past, the lowest threshold for foreign investment in leasing companies was US$5million. Now there is no “special limitation“ for that. The trans-corporations including General Electric are staring at the RMB 100 billion profits in China‘s leasing market.……     

Outward Foreign Direct Investment by Chinese National Oil Companies

Developed countries have become increasingly suspicious about the rapid growth of Chinese investments in their home countries and abroad, commonly citing potential threats to national security and global governance as the main sources of anxieties. As a result, policy measures in some developed markets have been put in place to create additional regulation and oversight, specifically in highly regulated and strategic industries, such as the oil sector. This article refutes a number of popular myths about Chinese investments in the global oil industry, and suggests a more rigorous dialogue with the Chinese authorities relating to their integration into international institutions.     

我国对外直接投资区位选择优化

<正>随着我国经济水平和技术能力提高,我国对外直接投资发展迅速。2006年,我国实现对外直接投资(ODI)161亿美元,同比增长32%。在快速增长的对外直接投资过程中,投资的区位选择显得日益重要,选择一个具有综合区位优势的区位进行投资,能给企业带来巨大的投资收益。     

对外直接投资与企业生产率——基于中国上市公司的实证分析

文章先利用K-S检验研究中国制造类上市公司的全要素生产率分布,结果与HMY模型的预期一致,对外直接投资企业的全要素生产率分布显著优于出口企业和仅在国内生产销售的企业。进一步探讨对外直接投资与生产率的关系,结果表明,企业在进行对外直接投资时不存在显著的自我选择效应,但是,对外直接投资能够促进企业生产率的提高,具有学习效应。     

Organizational and Psychosocial Cultural Factors for Successful Investment by Foreign Companies in Mexico

When foreign companies invest in other countries, cultural differences emerge that affect the employees’ productivity. There are several studies regarding the different cultural factors that affect company and employee productivity, not only in the psychological domain, but also in the organizational domain. A survey was developed to study and assess the psychological and organizational cultural factors that can affect the performance of the employee in foreign companies established in the northeast of Mexico. The results show that leadership style and family values are the most important factors influencing the performance of the worker.     

Foreign Investment in Franchise

Via contracts, franchisers are eligible to confer economic resources like trademark, trade name, business mode and etc. to franchisees; franchisees operate within the unified business system according to contract and pay accordingly franchise fees.     

Ireland's Foreign Direct Investment Competitive Advantage and Japanese Outward Foreign Direct Investment

This article addresses Ireland's record in attracting foreign direct investment (FDI). FDI has been identified as one of the key factors that has spurred the growth of the Celtic Tiger. An adaptation of Porter's Diamond is offered to explain the determinants of Ireland's competitive advantage in attracting FDI. The overall trends in FDI inflows to Ireland are considered. The study then focuses on Japanese FDI into Europe and Ireland in particular. The pattern of Japanese FDI flows into Ireland is analysed in the context of Ireland's determinants of FDI competitive advantage. Future considerations around Ireland's model of competitive advantage are addressed.     

金融危机下的东莞企业外贸状况分析

东莞是中国加工贸易企业最集聚的城市。加贸企业大进大出。金融危机削弱了进出口需求,东莞外贸受到冲击,但远没有外界传说的严重。除了2009年以外,东莞各类型企业进出口额在金融危机下普遍呈现出良好的增长势头,并呈现出不同的增长特性。集体企业、私营企业进出口额增长最快,国有企业进出口额增长最慢。     

中国外商投资制度改革:从外资“三法”到《外商投资法》

《中华人民共和国外商投资法》取代原有外资"三法"成为现今我国外商投资管理的基础性法律。本文从国民待遇原则、外资促进和保护、竞争中性、国家安全审查及配套措施五个重要问题出发,探析了《外商投资法》的实施对我国经济发展的影响。     

外资强势掘进，本土“脑体倒挂”--解读中国广告公司第一梯队

近年来，国际广告巨头在中国的超常发展已经把中国本土广告甩在了身后。广告综合代理、媒体依托、户外广告，这些较为成功的中国本土广告发模式在未来能否跟上外资广告发展的步伐？媒体依托、户外广告依托资本的力量强势发展，而作为智慧产业主体的广告综合代理却发展缓慢，出现“脑体倒挂”的现象。或者，今天在看到中国广告市场不平衡的发展状况之下，我们是否应该重新理性地思考中国本土广告发展之路？ 正视今天的事实才能把握明天的发展。[编者按]     

Foreign Investment Catalogues and Investment Environment in China

On 23 December 2008, the National De- velopment and Reform Commission （＂NDRC＂） and Ministry of Commerce （＂MOFCOM＂） of People＇s Republic of China jointly issued Catalogue of Foreign Investment Advantageous Industries in Central and Western China （＂Central and Western Catalogue＂）, which became effective on 1 January 2009. Tnis marks the second revision to the Central and Western Catalogue since its first promulgation in 2000 （the previous revision occurred in 2004）.     

借鉴外国经验,构建我国对外直接投资保险与信用保证制度的设想

随着经济全球化浪潮的兴起和我国加入WTO步伐的加快,我国对外直接投资的规模也必将迅速扩大,如何为海外直接投资的政治风险提供制度层面的保护成为当前亟待研究的重要问题。本文仔细研究了发达国家典型的海外投资保险与企业信用保证制度,总结其特点和成功经验,结合我国的实际情况,提出了构建我国海外投资保险与信用保证制度应遵循的四条原则,并提出了具体设想。     

外国直接投资与我国对外贸易失衡

我国与美国、欧盟的贸易顺差增大,外汇储备激增,原因错综复杂,其中,在我国改革开放和特殊的工业化进程中,经济全球化和国际分工加速发展,世界产业结构大调整,外国直接投资持续增加才是根本原因。由于外国直接投资对我国贸易顺差存在着两种效应:直接效应和间接影响,即外国直接投资对我国产生明显的贸易创造效应,同时又具有一定的贸易替代效应,间接增加了贸易顺差,从而加剧了我国的贸易失衡。本文运用协整检验,建立误差修正模型,验证了外国直接投资与我国贸易顺差存在长期均衡关系,即正相关关系。只有从生产领域和外商投资的角度入手才能从根本上缓解贸易顺差的扩大。     

方言多样性与企业对外直接投资:基于2006—2015年中国上市公司的微观证据

本文匹配了2006—2015年中国上市公司对外直接投资记录和地区方言多样性数据集,以方言多样性作为中国地区文化多样性的衡量方式,从历史文化的角度研究企业对外直接投资的影响因素。研究结果显示:方言多样性与企业对外直接投资之间存在倒U型的关系,且该关系在广延边际和集约边际均成立;方言多样性主要通过外商直接投资溢出效应影响本地企业的对外直接投资,在适度范围内,方言多样性作为地区文化包容性与开放程度的重要体现,对吸引外资进入有显著的促进作用;过度的方言多样性则会加大心理距离,阻碍人力资源积累和外资进入;完善的法律制度会放大方言多样性对对外直接投资的正向影响。本文的结论在经过多种稳健性检验后依旧成立,为理解企业"走出去"的动机提供了一个有益的补充。     

Foreign Direct Investment in Hungary

Abstract

When in 1989 the markets in Central and Eastern Europe opened, western firms were quick to move in. Hungary treated foreign firms equal to domestic ones in the privatization process. It attracted most foreign direct investment in the region. Now, other countries are likely to follow the Hungarian path and allow foreign firms to take over domestic firms. This contribution discusses the experience of six Dutch multinational firms in Hungary and discusses whether these can be useful for expansion into other countries in the region. The results indicate that firms easily underestimate the cost of reconstructing acquired enterprises and that building a market position is more expensive than anticipated.     

Foreign Direct Investment in China

Summary

China has attracted the second largest amount of foreign direct investment in the world each year since 1993. Hundreds of thousands of foreign-invested enterprises are in operation in China. However, what drive the success or cause the failure of foreign investments is still not well understood. This paper critically examines one success factor, i.e., the importance of timing of marketing entry into China. It begins with a brief review of the literature on first-mover advantages and the recent empirical research. It then attempts to theorize on why timing of market entry matters in the context of foreign direct investment. Apart from drawing upon the four recent studies in this area, this paper focuses on the auto industry in China and the case of Volkswagen to illustrate the importance of early entry into an overseas market. It calls for foreign investors to seize the first-wave opportunities when the door is opened a certain sector. It pays in the long run both in terms of the market share position and profitability.     

Agriculture Fuelled by Foreign Investment

IfyouhadtoldChineseofficialstwodecadesagotheyswouldonedaybechannellingbillionsofUSdollarsinforeigninvestmentayearintothefarmingsector,theywouldprobablyhavesentyoutoafunnyfarm.Butwhatwasonceapipedreamisnowreality.ThegovernmenthassecuredatleastUS$18billioninforeigninvestmentforagriculturaldevelopmentsincethecountryopenedtotheoutsideworldin1978,saidTangZhengping,director-generaloftheMinistryofAgriculture'sDepartmentofinternationalCo-operation.Twodecadesago,thecountry'scashstarvedserviceandind…