易逝品价值衰减对动态定价影响研究

消费者对部分易逝品感知风险会随时间提高,感知价值也随之衰减。本文基于消费者感知价值衰减建立连续和离散时间的动态定价模型以研究消费者感知价值衰减对动态定价和厂商期望收益的影响,并以连续时间模型为基准评价离散定价次数对期望收益的影响。数值算例表明,消费者感知价值衰减时,即使采取相应的最优策略,厂商期望收益下降幅度仍然可能达到30％,而如果厂商忽略消费者感知价值衰减,其损失可能高达60％。     

粗糙集应用于功能评价系数的确定

价值工程的功能评价系数已有多种传统确定方法,并应用于实践。但这些方法都反映了决策者对功能属性的主观判断。把粗糙集理论引入价值工程中,根据粗糙集理论的属性重要度来确定功能属性的权重,克服了传统方法确定权重的主观性,所得结果与传统方法相比,更为合理和更为客观。     

A Note on the Structural Notion of Information in Extensive Form Games

It is argued that the method of representing games by extensive forms and by the associated partitional information structure calls for a wider and more dynamic definition of information set, increasing the overall expressivity of extensive forms of games. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

价值创造理念与动态管理方法相结合的企业现金流管理分析

西方财务学界充斥着“现金为王”的行为准则,由此就可看出现金流管理在企业财务管理中的重要地位,如何更好地实施企业现金流管理,笔者对国内外相关领域文献进行了整理分析,得出了价值创造理念与动态管理方法相结合的企业现金流管理应该是比较符合现金流本质特征和适应企业未来发展的一种方法,并进行了简要的分析。     

On the continuity of representations of effectivity functions

An effectivity function assigns to each coalition of individuals in a society a family of subsets of alternatives such that the coalition can force the outcome of society’s choice to be a member of each of the subsets separately. A representation of an effectivity function is a game form with the same power structure as that specified by the effectivity function. In the present paper we investigate the continuity properties of the outcome functions of such representation. It is shown that while it is not in general possible to find continuous representations, there are important subfamilies of effectivity functions for which continuous representations exist. Moreover, it is found that in the study of continuous representations one may practically restrict attention to effectivity functions on the Cantor set. Here it is found that general effectivity functions have representations with lower or upper semicontinuous outcome function.     

EVA与价值链管理整合的研究

在企业越来越重视价值创造的今天,EVA管理体系和价值链理论应运而生。但无论是哪种方法,都会存在缺陷和不足。本文从价值链分析法的局限性角度出发,分析并阐述了把EVA分析体系应用到价值链管理的可行性,为增强和提高价值链理论的实用性提供一种新思路。     

缅甸KABAUNG水电站工程机组选型及辅助系统简述

文章阐述了缅甸KABAUNG水电站工程的水轮发电机组设备参数、调节保证计算成果及油气水等辅助系统。     

Supporting the free and competitive market in China and India: Differences and evolution over time

This paper analyzes the support to market competition by Indian and Chinese citizens. In particular, I study the individual preferences with respect to some characteristics of a free and competitive market. The paper aims at establishing whether preferences in these countries are different and their evolution over the time. This is an important issue, as the economic literature shows that people's preferences and policies tend to go hand in hand. This means that the analysis of today's preferences and their evolution over time can be useful to forecast tomorrow's policies. The main findings of this paper are that Indians and Chinese are different in supporting competition. The Chinese express preferences that are more in line with a free and competitive market than Indians do. The detected time path reveals that this support has been decreasing over time during the last two decades. The two populations appear to be in favour of a capitalistic, but strictly regulated market. This can mean that the future economic policies of these Asian giants will tend to this direction. Apparently there are no risks for some form of capitalism, but it is likely the two countries will not adopt completely free and competitive market institutions.     

中国社会服务的空间格局演变及影响机制

基于地理信息系统技术,引入重心模型、空间自相关指数和不均衡指数,分析了近40年以来中国社会服务总体水平的重心轨迹,揭示了其分布格局及均衡性的演变,并探讨了影响机制。结果显示:中国社会服务的重心经历了三次较大的变迁,空间格局没有显著的省域关联性;空间格局在年份之间存在较大的变异,但均衡性随时间推移显著提高。此外,社会服务的时空演变主要受国家宏观政策、省域经济发展水平和人口分布的影响;均衡性则受国家财政转移支付和省域社会经济发展水平的影响。     

篮球运动员体能训练中应注意的问题

体能训练是篮球运动员取得优异成绩、延长运动寿命的关键。本文探讨了篮球运动员身体素质的要求,进行体能训练的基本要求,以及体能训练中需要注意的问题,以便对运动员进行科学、系统、长久的体能训练。     

解析产品价值创造的途径

消费者所能感知的产品的价值是影响其购买行为的决定性因素。因此,如何理解和提升价值就成了企业在激烈的市场竞争中胜出的关键。由于产品价值的模糊性,"比"的概念更加符合消费者价值评价的过程。通过对提高产品价值的第四和第五种途径的重点把握,指出了△F(功能差)/△C(费用差)对于产品价值提升的意义以及自身的一些不足之处。     

A note on the evaluation of information in zero-sum repeated games

Two players play a zero-sum repeated game with incomplete information. Before the game starts one player receives a private signal that depends on the realized state of nature. The rules that govern the choice of the signal are determined by the information structure of the game. Different information structures induce different values. The value-of-information function of a game associates every information structure with the value it induces. We characterize those functions that are value-of-information functions for some zero-sum repeated game with incomplete information.     

挣值管理(EVM)的动态分析和预测研究

项目管理挣值在项目管理实践中得到广泛应用。传统的挣值管理在应用中多表现出单期、静态的特性,存在严重的局限性。将统计过程控制引入到挣值管理,以和EWMA控制图分析项目产生变差的原因,同时也为挣值的动态预测提供了基础,最后提出了挣值管理的动态分析方法。     

EVA与银行业的价值创造

中国的银行业,近年来由于体制、不良资产等各方面的原因,造成了效率低下,并且从有关的EVA统计数据看出,中国的银行业不仅没有在创造价值甚至在毁灭价值。面对着WTO五年保护期的即将届满,以及外资银行的纷纷踏入,中国的银行业应该怎样来创造自身价值呢?本文从经济增加值(EVA)的计算公式出发,从五个环节指出了中国银行业怎样进行价值创造,并通过举例的方式进行形象的说明。     

例谈探究式教育游戏设计

探究式教育游戏是以游戏为载体,以网络为平台,将知识以游戏任务的形式融入主题游戏并通过交互策略来引导学生探究思维的学习软件。本文以"乐中学"游戏为例阐述了探究式教育游戏的设计流程、基本结构以及应注意的问题。     

University spin-offs vs. other NTBFs: Total factor productivity differences at outset and evolution

Previous empirical research suggests that university spin-offs under-perform in economic terms compared to other new technology-based firms (NTBFs) in their early years. The usual explanations suggest a lower capabilities endowment of university spin-offs compared to other NTBFs. Using a longitudinal Spanish dataset we compare the evolution of firms′ total factor productivity (capabilities endowment) in both kinds of firm. Productivity grew faster in university spin-offs and their initial underperformance disappeared after 2 or 3 years of operation. The evidence therefore suggests that university spin-offs have lower initial substantive capabilities but greater dynamic capabilities than independent NTBFs. Possible explanations are discussed.     

浅析篮球运动员赛前不良心理状态的调控与训练

本文对篮球运动员赛前不良心理状态的表现和成因进行了探讨,从做好赛前心理动员和赛情分析,科学安排战术和心理训练,采取合理的行为调控方法,使运动员达到最佳的竞技状态。     

论游戏与儿童创造力的培养——让儿童回归“田野游戏”

城市化进程、功利化教育理念、科技的发展,让传统的游戏方式逐渐简化成室内智能游戏的特殊模式,违背了儿童的成长和创新性培养的要求。基于这一现象,为了提高儿童创造力,笔者提出了要让儿童回归真实、自然、实践的"田野游戏"。在游戏中,促进儿童生存技能和智力的双重训练,从而培养儿童的创造力和创新精神。     

Incentive compatibility constraints and dynamic programming in continuous time

This paper is devoted to the study of infinite horizon continuous time optimal control problems with incentive compatibility constraints that arise in many economic problems, for instance in defining the second best Pareto optimum for the joint exploitation of a common resource, as in Benhabib and Radner [Benhabib, J., Radner, R., 1992. The joint exploitation of a productive asset: a game theoretic approach. Economic Theory, 2: 155–190]. An incentive compatibility constraint is a constraint on the continuation of the payoff function at every time. We prove that the dynamic programming principle holds, the value function is a viscosity solution of the associated Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman (HJB) equation, and that it is the minimal supersolution satisfying certain boundary conditions. When the incentive compatibility constraint only depends on the present value of the state variable, we prove existence of optimal strategies, and we show that the problem is equivalent to a state constraints problem in an endogenous state region which depends on the data of the problem. Some economic examples are analyzed.