ICU nurse-physician collaboration & nursing satisfaction

ICU nurses who are satisfied with their work are more likely to be retained, leading to institutional cost savings. In this study, higher levels of nurse-physician collaboration in making decisions about patient care were found to be very important to nurses' satisfaction.     

Nurse/physician collaboration: a cost/quality issue for the nurse manager

Excellence in nurse-physician relationships is possible and feasible, beginning and ending with the nurse manager setting the climate and culture that fosters mutual respect. As Leah Curtin (1982, p. 8) states, "We may be irritants, but we are not adversaries: Physicians know that patients need good nursing care and nurses know that patients need good medical care. Generally speaking, neither is possible in the absence of the other."     

Context Effects in a Negatively Framed Social Dilemma Experiment

A number of studies of the positively-framed voluntary contribution mechanism (VCM) public goods game have examined the role of context on participant behavior. Relatively little attention, however, has been given to the effects of context in negatively-framed VCM games even though this setting is relevant to a wide array of real world challenges, such as common pool resource use and pollution externalities. This study uses a carefully-controlled laboratory experiment to investigate the degree to which the context in which decisions are made influences decision making in a negatively-framed VCM laboratory experiment. The context treatments that we evaluate vary communication, voting, and the status quo of the initial endowment. Results indicate that providing groups the opportunity to communicate and vote significantly reduces choices that impose external costs. Importantly, the pro-social effects of communication and voting are strongest when the status quo endowment is the private account, which generates costs on other participants. This result suggests that the effect of the status quo endowment is a function of whether the social dilemma is framed positively or negatively when communication between participants is allowed.     

语篇认知语境对文学中新隐喻理解的影响

文学中的新隐喻具有新颖、晦涩的特点,它不同于日常对话中使用的隐喻,需要付出更多的努力才能理解,同时对它的理解更加依赖语境。这种语境与以往交际中的认知语境不同的是,文学中的新隐喻所依赖的语篇认知语境具有宏观性和连贯性。因此,从关联和语用推理角度出发,探讨语篇认知语境是如何影响文学中新隐喻的理解具有重要的意义。     

创新驱动背景下我国信息通信能力评价研究

在 界定信息通信能力概念的基础上，构建了信息通信能力评价体系，并对2013-2018年我国信息通信能力进行了评价与深入探讨。研究结果表明：①在创新驱动发展战略背景下，基建能力、服务能力、创新能力是当前及未来我国信息通信能力提升的“三驾马车”；②创新能力已取代基建能力，成为我国信息通信能力持续增长的新引擎，而服务能力存在很大改进空间；③未来我国应巩固信息通信基建能力，抓实信息通信服务能力，强化信息通信创新能力。     

Communication in intergroup conflicts

Numerous studies suggest that communication may be a universal means to mitigate collective action problems. In this study, we challenge this view and show that the communication structure crucially determines whether communication mitigates or intensifies rent-seeking for pure public goods. We observe the effect of different communication structures in the context of a finitely repeated intergroup contest and demonstrate that conflict expenditures are significantly higher if communication is restricted to one's own group as compared to a situation with no communication. However, expenditures are significantly lower if open communication within one's own group and between rivaling groups is allowed. We show that under open communication intergroup conflicts are avoided by groups taking turns in winning the contest. Our results do not only qualify the role of communication for collective action but may also provide insights on how to mitigate the destructive nature of intergroup conflict and group rent-seeking.     

从生态翻译学视角看全球化语境下汉语文化负载词的英译

汉语文化负载词负载着丰富的中华民族文化信息,其英译有助于中国传统文化的对外传输和中西文化的相互交流。全球化语境下,英语世界化和全球文化＂美国化＂趋势明显,英语文化负载词在汉语语境中的传输远多于汉语文化负载词在英语语境的传输,中西文化交流极不平衡。生态翻译学是一种生态学视角的翻译研究。按照生态翻译学观点,改善汉语文化负载词的翻译生态环境和优化其翻译策略可促进汉语文化负载词所负载的文化内涵在英语语境的传输,并维护汉语及其所负载的文化在全球语言文化生态系统中的民族身份和全球语言文化生态系统的平衡。     

Improving clinical communication through structured conversation

Communication failure plays an important role in causing medical errors. Clinical communication is highly complex and prone to error especially during transitions of patient care and emergent situations. Standardized approaches and tools may provide potential solutions to improve the quality of communication and prevent subsequent patient harm. The National Patient Safety Foundation, through its Stand Up for Patient Safety Program, is committed to assisting organizations improve clinical communication.     

Communication & competition

Charness and Dufwenberg (Am. Econ. Rev. 101(4):1211–1237, 2011) have recently demonstrated that cheap-talk communication raises efficiency in bilateral contracting situations with adverse selection. We replicate their main finding and extend their design to include competition between agents. We find that communication and competition act as “substitutes:” communication raises efficiency in the absence of competition but not with competition, and competition raises efficiency without communication but lowers efficiency with communication. We briefly review some behavioral theories that have been proposed in this context and show that each can explain some but not all features of the observed data patterns. Our findings highlight the fragility of cheap-talk communication and may serve as a guide to refine existing behavioral theories.     

投资者会听话听音吗??--基于管理层语调视角的实证研究

我国投资者会听话听音吗？文章利用文本分析方法,基于我国上市公司2005－2012年年度业绩说明会上的管理层语调数据对此进行了实证检验。研究发现,投资者对管理层的净正面语调做出了显著的正向反应,尤其是对负面语调做出了显著的负向反应。这表明在我国强调“意会”的语境文化背景下,投资者会听话听音,管理层语调具有信息含量,上市公司的业绩说明会具有其自身的存在价值。文章的研究结果还意味着,“词袋”方法及其构建的管理层语调用词列表在我国儒家文化背景下具有一定的适用性,值得开展进一步的研究。     

Relationship management for innovation: the central role of communication in australia's participation in two hi-tech industries

Individuals make decisions about whether innovations are adopted and transferred to new uses or locations. This Paper argues that relational competence Is critical for innovation management and technology transfer and that personal communication, formal and informal, is the core component in such competence. It shows how “close ties” and communication are critical to innovation, particularly given the changing nature and role of technolop management in the context o f rapidly increasing globalization. This is illustrated with reference to the communication in he mindset and practice of technology partnering in Australia's participation in the aerospace and telecommunications industries.     

Using technology to support the CLAS Standards

Effective communication is essential for ensuring effective patient education to support patient acquisition of self-care knowledge and behaviors. National standards have been developed suggesting methods for meeting this need and systems changes are either mandated or recommended within health care delivery organizations to assure movement toward the goal of effective patient-provider communication. By availing themselves of the opportunity to assign these nationally standardized cultural competency modules as part of institutional requirements, nursing administrators and managers can implement a cost-effective method for improving the cultural knowledge base of nursing personnel.     

浅析听力理解中话语标记语的语用功能

话语标记语在言语交际中大量存在,对语篇的构建和话语的理解起到了特殊的语用功能;分析听力理解中话语标记语的类别和语用功能,研究其对英语听力教学的启示作用,以话语标记语为有效途径提高学生英语听力理解水平。     

言语行为理论在大学英语学科建设中的作用

言语行为理论与大学英语学科建设有着紧密的联系。新时期高校英语教学应更加重视学生语用能力的培养,言语行为理论对提高学生语用能力起到至关重要的作用。在运用言语行为理论时,应注意跨文化交流与语境等因素的作用。     

Communication and Early Contributions

In the context of the voluntary provision of a public good, I study the interaction of communication and dynamics in contributions. I modify the cheap talk, joint‐project framework of Agastya, Menezes, and Sengupta (2007) by considering early contributions that precede communication and by assuming partially funded projects are not completely worthless. First, I show environments in which, without early contributions, parties cannot be trusted to communicate sincerely, so that the joint endeavor always fails. Then, for the same environments, I demonstrate that early contributions can create the conditions for mutual trust, improve the outcome of subsequent communication, and eventually increase welfare. This trust‐building role of early contributions matches well with the aims that negotiation scholars attribute to preconditions for negotiations and to preliminary concessions.     

Mind the Gap: Information and Communication Technologies, Knowledge Activities and Innovation in the Pharmaceutical Industry

The paper explores the specific challenges facing the pharmaceutical industry regarding the exploitation of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in the context of developing new frameworks supporting knowledge activity and the wider innovation process. The paper seeks to provide a framework to view these changes but also highlights gaps in our current conceptualization of the role of ICTs in facilitating and effecting change within the pharmaceutical industry.     

Mind the Gap: Information and Communication Technologies,Knowledge Activities and Innovation in the Pharmaceutical Industry

The paper explores the specific challenges facing the pharmaceutical industry regarding the exploitation of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in the context of developing new frameworks supporting knowledge activity and the wider innovation process. The paper seeks to provide a framework to view these changes but also highlights gaps in our current conceptualization of the role of ICTs in facilitating and effecting change within the pharmaceutical industry.     

论主流诗学对翻译的影响

翻译是两种语言文化之间的交流与融合,原著的文学光芒与艺术生命想要在目的语境中得以再现和延续,迻译过程势必受到译入语文化的影响。基于勒菲弗尔操纵论中诗学的相关理论,通过对王科一的《傲慢与偏见》中译本研究,探讨其文本翻译时译入语社会的主流诗学,从诗学的两类表现形式——措辞和句式——两个方面对译本进行分析,证实在一定的社会文化语境中,为保证译介活动顺利进行,译者受主流诗学观的影响,改写操控原文,使译作符合译入语主流诗学的追求和主张。     

Deliberative voting

We analyze a model of jury decision making in which jurors deliberate before casting their votes. We consider a wide range of voting institutions and show that deliberations render these equivalent with respect to the sequential equilibrium outcomes they generate. In particular, in the context of a jury setup, all voting rules excluding the two types of unanimity rules (one requiring a unanimous consensus to acquit, one requiring a unanimous consensus to convict) induce the same set of equilibria outcomes. We show the robustness of our results with respect to several restrictions on communication protocols and jurors’ strategies. Furthermore, we demonstrate that our observations extend to practically all of the voting structures commonly studied in the voting literature. The paper suggests the importance of accounting for communication in models of collective choice.     

Improving the patient experience with information technology

It has been proven in many different studies that information technology solutions can improve information transfer, workflow, and communication, resulting in marked improvements in patient safety and overall quality of care. However, equally important but not often emphasized is the potential for information technology to improve the patient experience by making a positive impact on the care that matters most to patients and their families.