The impact of stress management on nurse productivity and retention

Throughout the history of nursing there is a seeming legacy of personnel shortage, lack of funds, and, based on the nature of the role and related services, heightened levels of stress involved in patient care. The future of the profession, and more imminently, patient care and the health of nurses, may be significantly impacted by repeated challenges where current levels of stress and burnout are contributing to organizational problems, burnout, and attrition. Employee stress and burnout commonly lead to myriad health-related problems that result in significant organizational consequences. There are many methods of stress management, and sometimes the best and most effective begin with simple recognition, validation, and visible and committed efforts by the nurse executive. Regardless of the technique or approach, what is clear is that there is a need for nurse executives to include the development and enhancement of comprehensive stress-management programming for employees as a priority item to avoid burnout and attrition.     

Breaking the burnout barrier: resurrecting work excitement in nursing

An exploratory study of 168 nurses has yielded a new dimension of practice patterns, work excitement, a prerequisite to effective practice and quality care. Four reasonable and attainable factors were found to be significant predictors of work excitement: work arrangements; a learning environment that fosters individual growth and development; variety of experiences; and positive working conditions.     

When caring stops, staffing doesn't really matter

How well do we understand the people side of staffing, and do we recognize the importance therein? Delivering care without caring is simply wrong. Health care leaders must take this concern seriously and find ways to invest in and set up structures that support healthy processing, by individual caregivers, of the many emotional situations that are a natural part of care delivery. Individual care provides must take responsibility for their own well-being and make choices that promote self-care. We must find more ways to recognize and address the needs of care providers who are facing emotional burnout or compassion fatigue, as they are both a threat to their own health and a potential risk to the patients and organizations they serve.     

An innovative role for nurse practitioners in managing chronic disease

Under the current care delivery model, persons with chronic illnesses, such as diabetes, are not receiving all recommended interventions and failing to meet targeted outcomes. The Chronic Care Model provides a framework for new approaches and roles for many members of the multidisciplinary team. Using the Chronic Care Model as a guide, a group of hospital-based clinics in an academic system incorporated nurse practitioners into the care model for patients with diabetes. Through use of planned visits, a patient registry, drug intensification protocols, and collaboration with other members of the team, the pilot sample improved processes of care and clinical outcomes. Use of nurse practitioners in this model of care for chronically ill patient populations has economic implications, as the payers begin to pay for performance.     

End-of-life care in nursing homes: the high cost of staff turnover

Nursing home staff turnover results in high cost--both economic and personal--and has a negative impact on the quality of care provided to residents at the end of life. Reducing staff turnover in nursing homes would benefit both the cost to the U.S. health care system, and, most importantly, the care residents receive in the vulnerable period leading to death. There is rising pressure on nursing homes to improve their palliative and end-of-life care practices and reduce transfers to hospital for situations and conditions that can be safely managed on site. Nursing care staff deserve an investment in the specific training necessary for them to give the highest quality care to dying residents. This training should be multifaceted and include the physiological, psychological, spiritual, interpersonal, and cultural (including ethnic) aspects of dying. Empowerment with these necessary knowledge, skills, and attitudes will not only result in better care for residents but likely also will reduce the burnout and frustration staff experience in caring for residents near death.     

广州大学城大学生学业倦怠调查研究

目的：研究广州大学城学生的学业倦怠状况。方法：采用大学生学习倦怠问卷对500名广州大学城学生进行问卷调查。结果：①不同专业的学生在学业倦怠的成就感低下与去个性化两个维度上存在显著差异;②在校学习成绩不同和面对不同就业压力的学生在学业倦怠的情感耗竭、成就感低下、去个性化三个维度上均显示出显著的差异性;③学习成绩在学业倦怠的总分及其三个维度上存在显著的正相关;④学生面,临的就业压力与学业倦怠总分及成就感低下存在显著的负相关,但与去个性化存在显著的正相关。结论：当前广州大学城的学生存在较轻程度的学业倦怠。     

Moral distress: recognizing it to retain nurses

Faced with the challenges in today's acute care environment, 15% of the nurses in one study reported resigning a position due to experiencing moral distress. Moral distress is the physical or emotional suffering that is experienced when constraints (internal or external) prevent one from following the course of action that one believes is right. With more responsibility than authority, nurses often lack the autonomy to do what they feel should be done. Nurses often seem unaware of moral distress experience in themselves. Feelings labeled as stress, burnout, emotional exhaustion, and job dissatisfaction may actually be symptomatic of moral distress. An organizational commitment to addressing the issue of moral distress could reap benefits with greater employee job satisfaction, decreased turnover, and ultimately improved patient care.     

高校教师职业倦怠的管理学因素分析

高校教师职业倦怠问题目前备受社会和各团体的关注,造成职业倦怠的原因多样,作者仅从高校组织原因出发,对高校教师的职业倦怠的管理学因素进行分析,提出合理的缓解高校教师职业倦怠问题的有效途径。     

导游职业倦怠与职业压力心理健康的关系研究

为了解我国导游人员的职业倦怠现状及其与职业压力、心理健康的关系。采用导游职业倦怠问卷、导游职业压力问卷和SCL-90症状自评量表,对湖南省269名导游人员进行了调查。结果表明导游人员的职业倦怠程度不严重,但在年龄、受教育水平、经济来源、合同执行状况等方面存在差异,且与职业压力、心理健康水平密切相关。     

导游人员职业倦怠现状及影响因素研究

通过对湖南导游人员进行的调查,采用人口统计学因素分析导游人员的职业倦怠现状以及产生职业倦怠的原因。其结果表明：从总体上讲,导游人员存在明显的职业倦怠现象。从人口统计学变量分析,性别、婚姻状况与职业倦怠显著相关,年龄与导游人员职业倦怠部分相关,学历与导游人员职业倦怠不相关。     

“严”师出“高”徒？导师完美主义对徒弟创造力的双元影响路径

师徒关系正在成为被制造业企业广泛开发的关键人力资源关系，导师人格特质会对徒弟日常工作态度和行为塑造产生关键作用。基于压力源-应变关系的理论观点，具体探讨了师徒关系中导师完美主义特质对徒弟创造力的双元影响路径和适用情境，基于制造企业中342对师徒样本进行实证检验，得出以下结论：①导师完美主义特质正向影响工作倦怠,工作倦怠负向影响徒弟创造力,导师完美主义通过工作倦怠负向作用于徒弟创造力；②导师完美主义对工作重塑行为产生积极影响,徒弟的工作重塑行为正向影响其创造力,导师完美主义通过工作重塑行为正向作用于徒弟创造力；③工作倦怠/工作重塑对导师完美主义和徒弟创造力间关系的中介作用，均受到促进性焦点的调节。     

注册会计师职业倦怠对工作满意度的影响研究

在借鉴国外研究文献的基础上,本文通过对248份调查问卷资料进行分析,发现注册会计师职业倦怠的不同维度对工作满意度的内部维度具有不同的影响。本文扩展和深化了对注册会计师职业倦怠与工作满意度之问关系的认识。     

基于职业倦怠的员工职业稳定性研究

我国正处于社会和经济的转型期,职业的不稳定性和不安全感逐步增加,职场竞争激烈,职业焦虑严重,职业倦怠已成为职场人工作和生活中不可回避的问题。最新权威调查显示,我国正进入"职业倦怠"的高峰期,七成以上的职场人士产生了工作倦怠。职业倦怠因工作而起,又反作用于工作。本研究对职业稳定性的理论进行了梳理,从职业倦怠角度分析了员工职业稳定性下降的原因。这些因素说明员工个体因为工作负担过重、缺乏工作自主、薪资待遇不合期望、缺乏职业安全感、缺乏挑战性的工作以及个人能力得不到发挥等对员工的职业稳定性有着密切的关系。员工职业的不稳定,将使企业面临巨大的人才流失的压力。为此,本研究提出企业要想确保员工队伍的稳定,就应该关注员工的职业匹配度和职业延展度,规划好员工的职业生涯,通过多样化的工作设计,为员工提供更多的职业发展机会。同时,提倡成功标准多样化的企业文化,引导员工正确认同自我价值,企业才能成功地留住员工。     

企业生态环境对员工工作倦怠的影响及应对策略

有关研究表明当今企业中的绝大多数员工在职场中会产生工作倦怠,在界定企业生态环境内涵的基础上,从软环境与硬环境两个视角具体分析企业生态环境对组织员工工作倦怠的具体影响,进一步提出消除或缓解员工工作倦怠的应对策略,从而提升员工个体乃至组织的整体工作绩效。     

工作倦怠与离职意愿:基于浙江省19家高新技术企业的实证研究

针对高新技术企业人才流失严重的现象,以我国浙江省19家高新技术企业的员工为研究对象,对中国背景下工作倦怠和离职意愿之间的关系问题进行了实证研究。研究结果表明,工作倦怠中的情绪耗竭、讥诮态度这两个维度可用于解释员工的离职意愿;并且,不同的年龄、教育水平、工龄、企业性质的员工在工作倦怠和离职意愿上存在显著性差异。     

我国城镇已婚妇女照料父母与自评健康的关系研究

我国老年人以非正式照料为主,妇女承担了主要的照料责任。政府减少对非正式老年照料的支持以及老年人口的快速增长将会加重家庭中女性的照料负担。利用1997、2000、2004和2006年中国营养与健康调查(CHNS)数据和Ordered Probit模型来研究城镇已婚妇女照料父母及其自评健康的关系。在我国城镇,与不照料父母相比,照料父母的已婚妇女更倾向于报告较差的健康水平,并且"自评健康状况非常好"的概率减小,而"自评健康状况一般"的概率增大。应该关注日益繁重的照料责任,以及工作与家庭照料之间的激烈竞争可能给妇女的心理、身体和社会福利带来的负面影响。     

SLOPOL1: A macroeconomic model for Slovenia

This paper presents the specification and estimation of SLOPOL1 (Slovenian Economic Policy Model, Version 1), a macroeconometric model for Slovenia. Since Slovenia became an independent state in 1991, the available time series are very short and unreliable. In order to increase the degrees of freedom, quarterly data are used. The model contains behavioral equations for factor demand, potential gross domestic product, imports, the wage-price system, private consumption and labor supply of households, money and foreign exchange markets, and the public sector. Due to data constraints, the supply side and household consumption have not been further disaggregated. The capability of the model to reproduce the behavior of the endogenous variables in an ex post simulation can be regarded as satisfactory.Work on this model was initiated within the framework of the contract entitled "Austrian-Slovenian Cooperation for an Integrated Energy Program: Development and Implementation of a Macroeconomic Model" between the Slovenian Ministry of Economic Affairs and Verbundplan and financed by the Austrian Federal Chancellery. Later research has been supported by the Austrian Science Foundation under contract P12745-OEK and by the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Economic Analysis. Earlier versions of this paper were presented at the Forty-Seventh International Atlantic Economic Conference, March 16–23, 1999, Vienna, Austria, and the Forty-Ninth International Atlantic Economic Conference, March 14–21, 2000, Munich, Germany. The authors are indebted to the participants in these discussions and to Tanja Cesen and Igor Strmsnik for providing data.     

The AACN Synergy Model for Patient Care: a nursing model as a Force of Magnetism

One of the 14 Forces of Magnetism requires a health care organization to have a professional model of care. The eligibility requirements stipulate that this model must be utilized throughout the health care system and that the same philosophy must be used throughout the system. The American Association of Critical-Care Nurses Synergy Model for Patient Care describes nursing practice based on eight patient characteristics, and also describes eight nurse competencies. The core concept of the model is that the needs or characteristics of patients and families influence and drive the characteristics or competencies of nurses. Synergy results when the needs and characteristics of a patient, clinical unit, or system are matched with a nurse's competencies. The synergy model is an excellent framework to organize the work of patient care throughout the health care system. It can be used and applied in various ways and provides a comprehensive framework for assuring success in building a philosophy that supports the Forces of Magnetism.     

高参与人力资源实践对员工创新行为的影响：一个中介与调节模型

基于员工工作成长综合模型，探讨员工感知的高参与人力资源实践如何通过促进员工工作繁荣正向影响员工创新行为，以及员工所在部门谦卑型领导风格对这一过程的跨层次调节作用。对402份部门主管与员工匹配两阶段问卷调查结果表明，工作繁荣在高参与人力资源实践与员工创新行为间具有完全中介作用；谦卑型领导在高参与人力资源实践促进员工工作繁荣过程中发挥跨层次调节作用，即当部门领导表现出高谦卑性风格时，高参与人力资源实践对工作繁荣的正向影响更强；此外，部门谦卑型领导跨层调节工作繁荣对高参与人力资源实践与员工创新行为间的中介作用，当采取高谦卑型领导风格时，该中介作用更强。研究结论丰富和发展了员工工作成长综合模型视角下高参与人力资源实践对员工创新行为影响的研究，可为管理者有效激发员工创新行为提供决策依据。     

大学生创业压力源、控制感与倦怠关系研究

本文对大学生的创业压力源、控制感和倦怠的构思结构及其三者之间的关系进行了探讨。首先对来自长三角地区、服务行业和IT行业的10名不同背景的初创企业的创业大学生进行了半结构化访谈,其次对访谈记录进行了内容分析,在文献研究和访谈研究的基础上设计了创业大学生初创企业压力源问卷,对获取的192份预测数据和229份正式测量数据进行了统计分析。研究结果表明：大学生创业压力源存在五因素结构模型,包括创业卷入、知识储备、竞争强度、资源需求和管理责任;这5个因素构成了创业大学生创业压力源的概念模型。创业压力源对倦怠各维度有显著性预测作用;控制感在创业压力源与倦怠关系中起到调节作用。同时,对大学生创业压力源与倦怠不同水平的感知差异在两种不同创业教育模式下也进行了比较。