盐酸乌拉地尔与硝酸甘油治疗急性左侧心力衰竭的临床疗效

目的探讨盐酸乌拉地尔与硝酸甘油治疗急性左侧心力衰竭的临床疗效。方法收集2012年11月至2014年6月我院收治的198例急性左侧心力衰竭患者资料,随机分为对照组和观察组,各99例。对照组患者给予硝酸甘油治疗,观察组患者给予盐酸乌拉地尔治疗,比较两组患者的治疗效果和不良反应。结果观察组患者总有效率为94.9%,对照组患者总有效率为89.9%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者的不良反应发生率为2.0%,明显低于对照组的8.1%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论盐酸乌拉地尔注射液治疗急性左侧心力衰竭临床效果满意,且不良反应少。     

外伤性急性硬膜下血肿的临床治疗体会

目的总结外伤导致的急性硬膜下血肿的临床治疗体会，为临床治疗提供经验。方法对我院自2010年7月至2012年7月接收诊治的84例外伤导致急性硬膜下血肿患者手术治疗情况进行回顾性分析，对治疗与患者恢复情况进行总结研究。结果所有患者经手术治疗痊愈49例（58.3%），缓解21例（25.0%），伤残7例（8.3%），植物人2例（2.4%），死亡5例（6.0%）。结论对急性硬膜下血肿情况要进行及时的血肿清除，进行早期诊断，术后注意置管引流，维持患者生命特征，注意并发症的治疗。     

50例心血管神经症患者的临床诊治

目的探讨心血管神经症（CN）的诊断和治疗方法的临床效果。方法共选择我院收治的50例CN患者，经明确诊断后，给予心理治疗，并根据病情配合适当的药物治疗，连续治疗15天。结果50例患者经治疗15天后，41例症状明显缓解，6例有所缓解，3例无效，总有效率为94.0%。结论以心理治疗为主，配合适当的药物是治疗 CN的有效方法，值得推广。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者不同时期血清C反应蛋白测定的临床意义

目的：探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者不同时期血清C反应蛋白测定的临床意义。方法选取2011年1月至2012年1月我院收治的COPD患者50例,全部康复出院,且病情稳定3个月以上,对本组患者随访1年中由于病情急性加重再次入我院的患者达到了42例,另外再选取健康体检者15例进行健康对照。对健康对照组和COPD组患者的血氧分压（PaO2）、二氧化碳分压（PaCO2）、白细胞（WBC）、C反应蛋白（CRP）进行检测。结果 COPD组患者在急性加重治疗前的各项指标水平均明显低于急性加重治疗后、病情稳定＞3个月及健康对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。而COPD组在病情稳定＞3个月的各项指标水平与急性加重治疗后相比,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。除CRP指标外,COPD组在病情稳定＞3个月、急性加重治疗后的其他指标水平与健康对照组相比,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论对于COPD特别是急性加重期患者,及时对血清CRP进行测定,并且对其动态变化进行及时观察,完全有助于对COPD患者病情的严重程度进行及时判断。     

急性重症肺栓塞患者溶栓的疗效观察

目的探讨急性重症肺栓塞溶栓治疗的临床疗效。方法给予20例患者尿激酶溶栓治疗后,行抗凝治疗。结果20例患者中,17例抢救成功,2例需进一步治疗,1例病死,治疗有效率为85.0%。结论对急性重症肺栓塞患者实施系统性的溶栓治疗,既能提高患者的临床治疗效果,又能降低患者的病死率。     

老年慢性心力衰竭患者的护理

目的：探讨老年慢性心力衰竭（CHF）患者的护理方法。方法回顾性分析我院于2013年1月至12月收治的65例老年CHF 患者的临床资料，总结所给予的护理干预措施。结果本组65例患者，经给予积极治疗和护理后，总有效率为98.5%，且原发病及并发症得以纠正，效果满意而出院。结论积极的护理干预可有效控制老年 CHF 患者的病情，提高其生活质量。     

门冬氨酸钾镁防治急性心梗心律失常临床研究

目的就门冬氨酸钾镁防治急性心梗心律失常进行临床研究。方法选取我院自2008年1月至2011年1月间所收治的100例急性心梗心律失常患者作为研究对象,随机将其分为观察组和对照组,每组50例患者。本组资料中100例急性心梗心律失常患者均行常规对症治疗,对照组给予硝酸酯类药物、镇静止痛药物、阿司匹林等,监控患者的呼吸、血压、心电图,患者吸氧、卧床休息。而观察组患者在上述治疗基础上加用门冬氨酸钾镁治疗,14天为一疗程。结果观察组患者中有12例出现室性心律失常,发生率为24%;对照组患者中有29例出现室性心律失常,发生率为58%。由此可以看出,与对照组相比,观察组室性心律失常发生率明显要低很多,具有明显的差异（P＜0.05）。两组患者镁离子、血清钾比较,治疗后观察组疗效明显优于对照组,有显著性差异（P＜0.01）,治疗前两组比较,无显著差异（P＞0.05）。结论门冬氨酸钾镁防治急性心梗心律失常的临床效果较好,可以有效降低急性心肌梗死的病死率,值得临床推广应用。     

重症支气管哮喘的临床分析

目的探讨重症支气管哮喘的治疗方法及效果。方法选取我院2010年1月至2013年1月收治的重症支气管哮喘患者34例,给予其补液、糖皮质激素、解痉平喘、抗感染、给氧等治疗,及时处理并发症,观察患者的疗效。结果经常规治疗12 h后,本组34例重症支气管哮喘患者中仅7例患者（20.6%）病情不缓解,其中1例由于并发多脏器功能衰竭而病死,6例经机械通气治疗缓解;其余27例患者（79.4%）病情得以缓解。结论重症支气管哮喘是一种急性暴发性发作、症状恶化加剧、威胁患者生命的严重疾病,临床应及时对症处理。     

曲美他嗪治疗心力衰竭的临床疗效

目的：探讨曲美他嗪治疗心力衰竭的临床疗效。方法选取我院2014年1月至4月心内科收治的心力衰竭患者56例作为观察组,在常规治疗基础上给予曲美他嗪治疗。同时,选取同期收治的心力衰竭患者56例作为对照组,给予常规治疗,比较两组患者的临床疗效。结果观察组患者总有效率为92.9%,对照组患者总有效率为78.6%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;观察组患者在心脏指标、心功能改善情况明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论曲美他嗪在改善和恢复心力衰竭患者心功能方面疗效确切,心肌缺血明显缓解,有利于心力衰竭患者生存质量的提高,可作为临床上治疗心力衰竭的良好辅助药物。     

糖尿病性视神经病变的临床探析

目的探析糖尿病性视神经病变的临床疗效,总结治疗经验。方法选取我院2010年9月～2012年2月收治的60例糖尿病患者,对患者的糖尿病及眼部疾病的发病时间、症状进行详细询问,并对患者的眼部行常规检查。结果视力检查发现,120只眼中未见视力异常8只眼（6.7%）,视力轻度下降50只眼（41.7%）,视力明显下降62只眼（51.7%）;视神经病变65只眼（54.2%）,65只眼行间接眼底镜检查,16只眼（24.6%）可见视盘异常。结论糖尿病性视神经病变临床表现不一,若能及时发现、及时确诊并对症治疗,大多患者的病情可得到很好的控制甚至好转,若诊断不明确、治疗不及时,很可能会引起视神经萎缩。     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。     

风险视角下企业治理结构和研发创新——基于委托代理模型的研究

本文基于委托代理模型,从风险的视角研究企业治理结构对研发创新能力的影响。本文构建了一个包含创新活动的委托代理模型进行理论分析,利用动态DEA 模型测算创新能力,并使用2015-2018年我国上市制造业企业数据进行实证检验。实证部分检验了理论结论:委托代理问题不利于企业提升研发创新能力,且客观风险和主观风险厌恶会加剧该负面影响。基于此,本文认为上市企业应根据企业自身研发活动特点有针对性地改善企业治理结构,提出了适当延长代理人任期、推动股权激励计划、提升代理人的风险承担能力等建议。     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...