Endogenous Growth and Trade Liberalization

We develop an endogenous growth model in which trade liberalization has a positive effect on growth. This effect does not depend on marginal re-allocations nor on knowledge-spillovers. Rather, it is due solely to the increase in market size following the integration of product markets. Our result contradicts a widely-help view that trade on physical goodsper sehas no consequences for long-run growth.[F15]     

The determinants of internal migration in a developing country: quantitative evidence for Indonesia, 1930–2000

This study specifies and estimates a gravity model for interprovincial migration in Indonesia. Analysing five cross-sections for Indonesia's 26 provinces for five survey years between 1930 and 2000 we show that throughout the twentieth century economic factors were more important in the explanation of interprovincial migration patterns in Indonesia than planned migration policy aimed at the redistribution of the population. In addition, our regression analysis demonstrates that the urban primacy of Jakarta, Indonesia's capital, had a strong effect on the direction and size of migration flows. Our findings thus suggest that the costly government-supported migration is not very successful and that a strongly centralized government induces migration flows to the capital. These findings have policy implications for other developing countries.     

对我国农村劳动力转移影响因素的实证分析

城乡居民的收入差距水平是农村劳动力向城市转移的根本原因,当今大量农民工进城务工的现象,既能提高农民家庭的收入,又能加速城市化的进程,使得农村和城市均得到良性发展。而要实现农村劳动力向城市的合理流动,必须提供为农村剩余劳动力转移的制度保障。     

浅析事业单位工资分配制度改革

建国以来,我国事业单位工资制度经历了四次大的改革,虽逐步取得了成效,但仍需完善。事业单位体制改革是当前我国体制改革中的一个重点和难点。在浅析几次工资制度改革取得成果的同时,针对现行事业单位工资制度改革问题提出几点建议。如何建立一套既坚持按劳分配,又体现效益和公平原则的工资分配制度,成为亟待探索的一个问题。     

国有企业混合所有制改革中的公司内部治理

中国共产党的十八届三中全会提出要积极发展混合所有制经济,对国有企业进行混合所有制改革,一些国有企业也开始了混合所有制改革试点工作,但股权结构、委托代理关系、董事会构成及运行机制等公司内部治理问题是困扰目前国有企业混合所有制改革的关键问题。本研究首先从理论上界定了国有企业混合所有制改革中公司内部治理的基本概念,对混合所有制改革中的委托代理关系进行了梳理和探讨,并在“股东-董事会-经理人”三者间构建了一个双重委托代理关系。其次从董事会治理模式、董事会构成以及董事会信息共享机制、权力制衡机制和决策机制等方面对国有企业混合所有制改革中的企业内部治理进行了探讨,力图为国有企业解决混合所有制改革中遇到的问题提供借鉴和参考。     

经济转型升级下内部控制对股权融资成本的影响研究

内部控制是各经济单位和组织在经济活动中建立的一种相互制约的企业组织形式,以及职责分工制度。股权融资成本实质上是上市公司获得资金使用权所要给付资金所有者的报酬或者为上市公司所需承担的各项费用。已有的研究成果显示,对于内部控制质量低的企业而言,内部控制质量高的企业有较低的股权融资成本。新一届领导人上任,面对新形势,提出在经济转型升级下,对降低股权融资成本,提高内部控制提出新的政策性建议。促进证券市场的健康有序发展,实现资源的优化配置。     

网络时代的思想政治理论课教学效果探析

网络媒体为高校思想政治教育的课程改革提供了动力和信息技术支撑。然而网络媒体其特性并不是万能的,由于其虚拟等特性而可能给高校思想政治理论课程教育带来冲击。拓宽高校教师的教育教学能力、提高学生学习知识的主体意识、丰富和利用网络信息传播载体和多形式教学手段等,以此来促进网络化时期高校思想政治教育理论教学改革。     

Does trade creation by social and business networks hold in services?

Recent literature on the border effect has shown that the intensity of trade in goods is positively correlated with the migration stocks between any pair of countries/regions. The number of references for business networks is more limited, but they are also related with a reduction on information costs. In this article we investigate whether such a relation holds also for Spanish domestic trade flows in consumer services. To this end, we use a gravity model rooted in the Dixit–Stiglitz–Krugman theoretical framework and a unique data set on interregional trade flows for some of the main tourism service sectors, namely, accommodations and restaurants. Our industry-specific analysis finds a large positive effect for restaurants but a more limited effect for accommodations. Forces driving the demand in each sector explain this result and suggest the idea that although social networks can act as a substitute of firms in some sectors at the same time they can enhance trade flows in other sectors. We perform the same kind of analysis with a data set (obtained by a similar method) for domestic trade in goods and discover a different response to social and business networks. Finally, we treat the potential endogeneity by taking the instrumental-variable approach of the Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood estimator and thus obtain consistent results.     

改革代价分配不公的成因与对策

发生在中国改革进程中的代价分配不公,引发了社会种种不良反应,累积成今日无法回避的社会矛盾,影响了社会的和谐与稳定。构建社会主义和谐社会,利益协调是关键。为此,就需要国家和政府通过政治、经济等方面的制度创新,建立公正合理的改革代价分配机制,有效地协调由更深刻的利益格局调整所引发的社会各阶层之间的利益矛盾。     

中国城镇养老保险制度改革的收入分配效应——基于2002年城镇住户调查数据的定量分析

Using the micro data of Urban Household Survey made by the National Bureau of Statistics of China(NBS) in 2002, this paper studies quantitatively the distributional effects of Public Pension Reform in urban China, from intragenerational and intergenerational perspectives, by measuring lifetime net benefits that urban employees obtain under the public pension system in 1997 and the newest one announced in December 2005, respectively. The results indicate that the regressive income transfer existing before implementation of the reform is improved as a consequence of the 1997 reform. However, the Act of 2005 Reform generates the obvious inclination of the regressive income transfer among people who exceed 40 years old in 2002. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of intergenerational distribution, the intergenerational inequality resulted from 1997 reform is greater than that from 2005 reform. Moreover, all generations would receive higher lifetime net benefits under the Act of 2005 Reform, but it must be based on sustainable pension system and participants’ full pension contribution during their duration of employment. __________ Translated from Jingji yanjiu 经济研究(Economic Research Journal), 2007, (3): 70–80, 91     

中国农村劳动力流动空间分布特征的实证研究

城乡收入和区域间收入差距的存在,在促进农村非农产业发展的同时,必定推动和促进农村劳动力在产业间的转移和在区域间的流动。笔者根据农民阶层分化的理论,对20世纪90年代后期不同收入层和不同区域农村劳动力的流动进行了统计分析,对其空间分布特征和省际差异进行了描述和解释。     

Decomposing the contribution of migration to poverty reduction: methodology and application to Tanzania

In an economy with migration, poverty changes are composed of a number of forces, including the income gains and losses realized by the various migration streams. We present a simple but powerful decomposition methodology that uses panel data to measure the contributions of different migration streams to overall poverty change. An application to Tanzania shows the new insights that are provided – in particular on the role of migration to secondary towns in poverty reduction.     

The incidence of import liberalization with and without a value added tax: an application to bangladesh

This paper examines the impact of import tariffs and tariff-replacing indirect taxes on the welfare of households grouped by the size distribution of income. A computable general equilibrium model for Bangladesh is simulated to examine the removal of quantitative restrictions and tariffs as well as the replacement of trade taxes with a value added tax (VAT). Import liberalization alone expands the manufacturing sector and increases the welfare of lower income households. If a uniform VAT is placed on both imports and all non-agricultural production in order to replace the lost tariff revenue for the government, some of the gains from import liberalization are diminished. If exports are exempted from the VAT, the gains are sustained to a greater degree. With a combination of tariff liberalization, quota markups, and the VAT, the economy goes through a contraction and the welfare of all households is reduced.     

Regional Developmental Problems of the Rural Settlements in Bosnia and Herzegovina

The paper considers developmental problems of the rural settlements in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which are results of long-term disparity in the regional development in the period 1991-2012. In this paper it is considered the recent migration from rural to urban areas and the depopulation of the rural areas. The result of these trends reflects the development of the new infrastructure and tertiary activities. In these investigations, statistical data processed and geovisualised in GIS were used. The obtained data indicate extremely unequable regional arrangement of the population in the rural areas and socio-economic development.     

股权分置改革对中国上市公司现金股利影响的实证研究

作为公司治理的基础,上市公司的股权结构必然对公司的股利政策产生影响。自2005年证监会提出股权分置改革至今,上市公司的改革已基本完成。实证分析说明,日前股权分置改革对股利政策尚没有明显影响。