广州市耕地资源的可持续利用

合理利用土地资源，实现耕地总量的动态平衡。是广州市实现可持续发展的一项重要内容。从可持续发民的角度。分析了广州市耕地资源利用现状以及耕地资源利用中存在的问题；从耕地利用率，耕地生产力状况，耕地集约经营程度3个方面对广州市耕地利用效益进行了评价，提出了实现广州市耕地资源可持续利用的对策。     

河北省耕地资源动态变化及持续利用对策研究

耕地是农业的基础，其动态变化对整个经济、社会的发展至关重要。本文分析了河北省耕地资源动态变化的历史特征、区域差异、质量变化及其原因，提出了耕地资源持续利用的对策。     

山东省耕地资源特点及其利用结构优化研究

从数量，质量、空间分布，利用现状，发展动态等多方面论述了山东耕地资源的特点，在定量分析的基础上提出了今后山东耕地资源利用类型优化组合的基本设想。     

耕地资源的可持续利用评价研究——以湖北咸宁市为例

对耕地资源进行可持续性利用评价是确定耕地资源可持续利用的基本方法,也是耕地保护和持续利用的基础。在阐述了耕地资源可持续利用评价的原则和方法后,建立起湖北省咸宁市耕地资源可持续利用评价指标体系,在此基础上进行可持续性评价研究,并提出了咸宁市耕地资源可持续利用的对策建议。     

耕地资源的可持续利用评价探讨--以湖北咸宁市为例

对耕地资源进行可持续性利用评价是确定耕地资源可持续利用的基本方法,也是耕地保护和持续利用的基础。在阐述了耕地资源可持续利用评价的原则和方法后,建立起湖北省咸宁市耕地资源可持续利用评价指标体系,在此基础上进行可持续性评价研究,并提出了咸宁市耕地资源可持续利用的对策建议。     

耕地资源利用的代际公平原则与社会经济可持续发展

论文在界定耕地资源代际公平内涵的基础上．阐述代际公平原则对传统经济学理论的挑战，接着指出了我国目前耕地资源利用存在着数量存量失衡和功能存量的危机，最后提出了我国耕地资源利用代际失衡的原因及对策。     

耕地资源的可持续利用评价研究--以湖北咸宁市为例

耕地资源是农业生产乃至国民经济可持续发展的基础资源,对耕地资源进行可持续性利用评价研究有利于耕地资源的保护和规划;分析了耕地资源可持续利用评价的原则和方法;建立了湖北省咸宁市耕地资源可持续利用评价的指标体系,并进行了可持续性利用评价;提出了咸宁市耕地资源可持续利用的对策建议。     

四川省耕地资源可持续利用与粮食安全对策

介绍了四川省耕地资源的现状，分析了耕地持续利用的障碍因素和粮食需求状况，就促进四川省农业可持续发展与粮食安全保障提出了耕地利用的具体措施。     

我国耕地资源持续利用管理策略

阐述了中国现阶段耕地资源保护,利用和管理中存在的主要问题,并提出了相应的解决对策,以使中国的耕地资源达到可持续利用。     

江苏省耕地资源可持续利用研究

对江苏省耕地资源在数量、质量两方面的历年动态变化进行了系统分析，对该省耕地资源存在的数量减少、质量恶化的原因和实现其可持续利用的建议和对策等进行了探讨。     

(Landlord) Theory from the South: Empire and estates on a Punjabi Frontier

Theory has occasionally shaped agrarian transformations. Utilitarian theory, for instance, influenced British colonial land revenue policies, while modernization theory spurred, via the Green Revolution, the development of capitalist farming across the global South. Yet scholarship, when it has probed the mediation of theory in agrarian change, has largely centred on the intellectual activities of Western figures. In this paper, I examine an under-appreciated theorizing actor: landlords in the global South. I explore landlords' concept-work in the former “Punjab Frontier,” a region where Baloch chiefs collaborated with the British Raj to acquire localized magisterial powers, a paramilitary apparatus, and immense “landed estates” (jagirs). To overcome various crises, certain chiefs engaged with various imperial concepts—namely, property, race, progress, contract, and freedom—and re-arranged their estates. By showing how these elites creatively embraced these concepts to maintain a colonial-fortified hegemony, I also challenge those who overstate the emancipatory and decolonial possibilities of theory from the South.     

中国羊草适宜性区划与种植现状分析

草种栽培区划是农牧业发展的必然趋势,通过实行草种区划,不但可以充分发掘利用现有的优良牧草和饲料作物资源,还可以避免有些地区引种筛选的重复劳动和盲目的国外引种的失败。文章以我国主要的优良牧草—羊草为研究对象,开展羊草在我国适宜性区划与种植现状的研究。适宜性区划是基于自然要素的生态适宜性模型,结合牧草生物学特性,综合考虑各因子进行系统分析,同时联系牧草实际生产情况完成,种植现状通过统计数据获得。研究结果明确了羊草在全国生态范围内适宜性的分布区域,提出了我国主要栽培牧草生态适宜区、次适宜区、不适宜区,其中适宜区主要分布在东北区中北部,内蒙古区中东部,黄土高原区部分区域、华北区北端。次适宜区主要分布在东北区中部、内蒙古区北部及中部、华北区中部。根据近10年的统计数据,对羊草在我国的种植现状有了一个初步了解,截止2011年,我国羊草种植面积达66.37万hm~2。研究结果理论上科学,模拟结果上准确。     

Malaria incidence and agricultural efficiency in Uganda

The cost of accessing healthcare can be a major determinant of disease prevalence, which in turn has short‐ and long‐term welfare implications on poor households. In response, governments in developing countries often resort to subsidizing the cost of drugs, which, while perhaps easier to administer, may not always be the most effective way of addressing healthcare cost. In this regard, we analyze the impact of different types of household level health expenses on disease incidence and agricultural production efficiency. We use data from the 2006 Uganda National Household Survey, which covered approximately 7,400 households. The results suggest that a 10% increase in consultation, medicine, and hospitalization expenses would reduce malaria incidence respectively by 35.6%, 20.5%, and 21.3 %, which translates into a 1.1%, 0.6%, and 0.6 % decrease in agricultural inefficiency, respectively. The results indicate that helping poor households meet expenses for consultation through subsidies or eliminating consultation fees has a larger impact on malaria incidence and agricultural productivity among poor rural households than subsidizing the cost of medical drugs, the most common avenue chosen by developing country governments in the fight against the disease.     

The fourth industrial revolution,agricultural and rural innovation,and implications for public policy and investments: a case of India

The Indian Government and public–private partnerships are developing and disseminating a dizzying number of innovative, networked solutions, broadly known as the Digital India initiative, to increase the efficiency of safety nets and worker productivity and to improve life. Yet, challenges to turn the power of information and other technologies into a farmer‐friendly technological revolution for India's 156 million rural households are considerable, including: (1) reliable, up‐to‐date, location‐specific message content for a diverse agriculture to help stratified households shift to productive, knowledge‐intensive agriculture as a business—government, private sector, and civil society have big roles to play; (2) digital literacy, i.e., teaching farmers how to choose and use apps, even where the digital divide is absent; apps are, or soon to be, in regional languages; and (3) monitoring actual use and impacts on users’ lives by understanding the adoption and adaptation processes. These challenges call for bottom‐up, complementary investments in physical, human, and institutional capital, and farmer‐friendly e‐platforms, while forging ahead with many top‐down policy and institutional reforms currently underway, in which progress is real and constraints holding back greater success are better understood.     

渤海经济比目鱼类资源增殖的必要性与可行性分析

牙鲆、半滑舌鳎、黄盖鲽和石鲽等比目鱼类味道鲜美,营养价值高,经济效益好,历来是我国渤海地区重要的海水鱼类捕捞品种。然而,近些年生态环境恶化以及过度捕捞导致资源衰退严重,因此,通过增殖放流提高和恢复资源量对产业发展、渔民增收和生态环境改善均具有十分重要的意义。本文从技术、经济、生态等多角度对渤海经济比目鱼类资源增殖放流进行分析,指出该项活动中现存以及未来可能面临的各种问题,并提出相应的管理建议。     

Going beyond landscape change description: Quantifying the importance of driving forces of landscape change in a Central Europe case study

Over the past decades, urban sprawl and agricultural intensification have enormously changed the traditional cultural landscape of the Swiss lowlands. This research aims to analyze the driving forces of urbanization, agricultural intensification, and greening in five municipalities of the periurban Limmat Valley, near Zurich, Switzerland. The main objectives of the paper are (1) to quantify the change in urbanization, agricultural intensification, and greening, (2) to determine the driving forces of landscape change, (3) to determine the relative importance of socioeconomic, political, cultural, technological, and natural/spatial driving forces, and (4) to establish from which administrative levels and spatial scales the most important driving forces originate. Changes for the periods 1930–1956, 1957–1976, and 1977–2000 are documented based on a comparison of cartographic maps. A list of 73 potentially relevant driving forces is established based on document analysis. Based on further document analysis and expert interviews, 52 of them were found to be relevant primary driving forces for the documented landscape changes. We found that in all three periods, urbanization was the most important process of change. Greening is steadily increasing in importance and surpassed agricultural intensification in the last period. Overall, as well as for urbanization, the economic driving forces, followed by political driving forces, are most important for landscape changes in all three periods. Cantonal driving forces are most important, followed by the national, local and international driving forces. By presenting an approach to quantify the contribution of major driving forces groups to landscape change this study contributes to method development in land change research.     

Metropolitan land-change science: A framework for research on tropical and subtropical forest recovery in city-regions

In efforts to promote transitions to sustainability in city-regions, government and nongovernment actors throughout the world are devising comprehensive sustainability strategies and implementing a variety of environmental policies. Social actors in many city-regions view forest stewardship as an important element of this integrated approach. Generally, urban sustainability goals are guided by the principles of ecological integrity, environmental quality, social equity, social inclusion, and social justice. In other words, sustainable urban development should foster a good quality of life for all by providing equitable access to adequate economic opportunity, housing, education, public services, ecosystem services, and environmental amenities. Governance structures should pursue these goals democratically with legitimacy, transparency, and accountability. Effective sustainability planning and management depend on the reliability of land-use monitoring and modeling approaches. They also require field-based, qualitative empirical research to understand the complex social dynamics that are invisible from space. The aim of this paper is to encourage international, cross-disciplinary dialogue on the conceptual, theoretical, methodological, and practical groundwork necessary to effectively carry out metropolitan land-change science, particularly for rapidly expanding small- and medium-sized cities in developing countries. I begin by presenting the paper's central conceptual and theoretical framework. Next, I explore existing analytical and methodological approaches to the study of land-use dynamics in metropolitan regions. After a brief discussion of specific opportunities and challenges for collaborative, interdisciplinary research in support of metropolitan land-change science, I conclude by proposing a four-part agenda for coordinated investigation of tropical and subtropical forest recovery in city-regions worldwide.     

大力推进林业又快又好发展 发挥林业在建设节约型社会中的作用

从五个方面对林业在建设节约型社会中的重要作用进行了概括:林业是利用自然力的巨大产业,是规模巨大的循环经济体,林业承担着物质、生态和文化产品供给,发挥着经济、生态和社会三大效益,在构建资源节约型社会中具有独特优势。总结了林业在建设节约型社会中取得的显著成效,分析了林业在建设节约型社会中的潜力巨大,提出了林业在促进节约型社会建设中的对策:坚持深化改革与科技创新,促进生态体系与产业体系协调发展,继续坚持以重点工程为带动,大力发展林业生物能源和木本粮油,建立长效机制,促使林业走上又快又好的良性发展道路。     

五大连池火山地貌景观及其开发保护

介绍了五大连池自然保护区火山地貌景观,对火山锥、熔岩流、熔岩洞及湖岸风光等典型景观进行了较详细的描述;由于开发不当,火山景观遭到破坏,甚至造成水土流失、湖岸坍塌、湖水变浅、湖水受到污染威胁;要完善保护规划,健全保护机构,严格保护,适度开发,确保火山景观不被破坏,防治污染,保护环境。     

石台县土壤硒资源分布特征及其利用

[目的]为实现对石台县土壤天然富硒资源的合理利用,促进石台县经济发展。[方法]文章通过实地调查与资料分析的方法,研究了石台县土壤硒资源空间分布的特点和土壤富硒资源利用途径。[结果]石台县土壤硒均值为0.5556mg/kg,达到富硒水平,石台县富硒地区占全县的28.73%,中硒地区占全县面积的67.62%,富硒地区主要分布在仙寓镇、七都镇、大演乡、丁香镇、仁里镇。石台县土壤硒含量主要与成土母岩、土壤质地、成土过程、土壤有机质和人类活动等影响因素有关。[结论]石台县土壤硒资源利用可以通过发展富硒茶、富硒米、富硒养生旅游、生态富硒高山蔬菜和瓜果、富硒中药材、富硒黑猪肉和富硒牛肉等富硒产业,富硒茶区域应设置在仙寓、七都、大演、矶滩、横渡5个乡镇,富硒米种植区域应设置在台县东部的七都镇和南部的仙寓镇,富硒养生旅游可以设置在横渡镇、仙寓镇、大演乡、丁香镇、小河镇,生态富硒蔬菜和瓜果应集中分布于石台县横渡、仁里、矶滩、七井等地,富硒养殖业可以分布在石台县西部的小河镇。