浅谈地方国库现金管理

近年来,国库管理制度改革的实施,在不断发展的进程中,地方财政收入不断增长,地方国库也持续增长。与此同时,地方各级政府也希望利用一定国库现金创造更多收益,以某更大发展。当然,在中央国库现金管理得到巨大发展的影响下,地方国库现金管理的各方面就缺乏必要依据,导致地方国库资金无法保值和增值,也就不利于财务管理,所以,地方国库现金管理的重视程度也随之增加。     

国库现金管理改革中的库底目标余额测算方法研究

国库现金管理改革是我国现代财政国库制度建设的重要内容。当前深化改革的主要任务是建立财政库底目标余额管理制度,关键是要采用科学的方法测定库底目标余额的合理规模。本文对目前常用的Baumol模型、Miller Orr模型进行了分析,结合实际提出使用金融风险管理中的在险价值（VaR）模型,利用2012—2017年我国中央国库日度净流出数据,对中央国库库底目标余额进行了实际测算,发现中央财政库底目标余额的合理规模为1 200亿元。本文同时提出了建立库底目标余额管理制度的有关政策建议。     

浅析我国国库现金管理的现状

近年来,随着经济的发展,我国的财政存款金额也在迅速增加中,然而,在存在增加的同时,资金闲置等国库现金管理问题也不断被凸显出来。自2006年《中央国库现金管理操作暂行办法》及《中央国库现金管理商业银行定期存款业务操作规程》的发布以来,我国的国库现金管理开始进入实质的运行阶段。落后的财政体制逐渐被改革,新时期,国库资金也占据了一定的市场条件。但是,目前我国的国库现金管理还处于发展的初始阶段,地方国库现金的管理尚未得到良好的实施,这在一定程度上制约了国库资金的管理质量与效益。本文分析了我国国库现金管理的发展现状和发展中存在的问题,进一步提出了相应的解决措施和国库现金管理的良好模式。     

浅析我国国库现金管理的现状

近年来,随着经济的发展,我国的财政存款金额也在迅速增加中,然而,在存在增加的同时,资金闲置等国库现金管理问题也不断被凸显出来。自2006年《中央国库现金管理操作暂行办法》及《中央国库现金管理商业银行定期存款业务操作规程》的发布以来,我国的国库现金管理开始进入实质的运行阶段。落后的财政体制逐渐被改革,新时期,国库资金也占据了一定的市场条件。但是,目前我国的国库现金管理还处于发展的初始阶段,地方国库现金的管理尚未得到良好的实施,这在一定程度上制约了国库资金的管理质量与效益。本文分析了我国国库现金管理的发展现状和发展中存在的问题,进一步提出了相应的解决措施和国库现金管理的良好模式。     

中国地方国库现金管理问题探析

近年来,随着我国经济的快速发展和预算管理的逐步完善,地方财政收入也与日俱增,财力聚集、地方国库库存现金高位运行的特点也日益显现出来,这一新的变化,给我们提出了地方国库现金管理的新课题。本文结合地方国库资金运行的特点和实际情况,对当前地方国库现金管理所面临的困难和主要问题进行分析论证,进而提出相关政策建议。     

国库资金流入对国库资金存量管理的影响分析

掌握国库资金流入的规律性可以有效提高政府预算管理及人民银行国库现金管理的效率。研究国库资金流入构成分类及其特点,找出国库资金流入的各个构成与国库资金存量的关系,获取其中的规律性,对建立国库资金存量预测模型有重要意义。     

余额宝投资分析

余额宝从本质上看是一款证券投资基金的直销系统,属于第三方支付业务与货币市场基金产品的组合创新.余额宝的定义严格说起来是指由第三方支付平台为个人用户打造的一项余额增值服务.余额宝的业务模式是由天弘基金定制的一款货币基金.它的发展借助了第三方支付平台,是余额宝在短时间里取得不菲成绩的原因之一.截止2015年6月30日,余额宝的规模已超过6000亿元,用户已突破一亿人,天弘基金也靠此一举成为国内最大的基金管理公司.     

中央银行加强国库资金分析与管理的必要性

中央银行加强国库资金分析与管理的必要性●李志刚刘春学国家金库是负责办理国家预算资金的收入和支出的机关。国库资金亦称财政资金，是由经济单位或个人上缴给国家金库的资金，它包括税收、利润、事业收入、债务收入、其他收入等，它用于工农业生产建设、文教科技卫生、...     

盈余管理的经济学解释

文章以新制度经济学观点分析了盈余管理产生的原因,指出其背后实质是盈余信息产权失灵现象。由于人的有限理性以及交易费用的制约,会计信息(包含盈余信息)的产权界定契约只能是一个不完全合约,必然留下"公共领域",从而引致"追租"行为。要对发生在"公共领域"里的盈余管理现象进行治理,必须双管齐下,一方面完善会计准则和制度,另一方面努力提高全社会的会计职业道德水准则更为重要。     

浅谈企业现金流量管理

企业发展的内在潜力和动力取决于企业经营活动的现金流,一个有活力的企业必定要有足够的现金支付能力。因此,从企业的现金流量管理有利于企业制定战略决策、有利于企业健康稳定持续发展、能够提高企业市场价值等方面阐述了企业管理的重要意义,并提出了我国企业现金流管理存在的问题以及加强我国企业现金流量管理的建议和措施。     

Evolutionary models in cash management policies with multiple assets

This work aimed to apply genetic algorithms (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) in cash balance management using multiple asset investments. This problem consists of a stochastic model that does not define a single ideal point for cash balance, but an oscillation range between a lower bound, an ideal balance and an upper bound. Thus, this paper proposes the application of GA and PSO to minimize the total cost of cash maintenance, by obtaining the parameters of a cash management policy with three assets (cash and two investments), and using the assumptions presented in literature. Computational experiments were applied in the development and validation of the models. The results indicated that both the GA and PSO are applicable in determining the cash management policy, but with better results for the PSO model.     

The corn model, gluts and surplus value

The controversy over Ricardo's corn model has focused on theinterpretation of his early writings. Here, Ricardo's lateruse of a corn model example in his dispute with Malthus overgluts is discussed. Malthus's own use of a corn model tablein attempting to justify his use of a labour commanded measureof value is analysed; it is shown that he calculates what Marxwas to describe as surplus value from the physical conditionsof production and the real wage.     

The unique minimal cash flow competitive equilibrium

In a strategic market game with paper money used for exchange the control of the amount of money or credit issued and the selection of the level of the penalty for default make it possible to select a single competitive equilibrium which is feasible as a non-cooperative equilibrium.     

Wealth effects,treasury bill financing,and stability

This note examines the stability of government financing through capital-certain, variable interest bonds in the context of a fixed price macromodel. In contrast to the financing by perpetuities, it is shown that a wealth effect on expenditures may be destabilising, particularly if the interest elasticity of money demand is low.     

Job matching and the distribution of producer surplus

We study wage determination in the Jovanovic model of matching, relaxing the standard assumption that wages continuously adjust to reflect on-the-job performance and studying aggregation of ex-ante heterogeneous career paths. We assume that workers have no bargaining power and consider an equilibrium where individual workers' age-earnings profiles are piecewise constant, reflecting their outside earning opportunities at each point in time. Turnover results from employers' firing decisions rather than from workers' quitting decisions, and the equilibrium delivers realistic cross-sectional and time-series implications. Employees receive only a portion rather than the whole of the ex-ante producer's surplus from established matches, and have individual incentives to lobby for increased job security. Inefficiently low aggregate turnover may result if such lobbying efforts are successful.     

Education versus cash redistribution: The lifetime context

Education looks more powerful relative to cash redistribution when viewed in the context of lifetime rather than an annual income. The reason is that transitory income and family size affect the pattern of annual cash redistribution and both of them vary less across lifetimes than in individual years. Education may look even more powerful if the lifetime context is taken to include the period of childhood. For it is easier to target education to people whose childhood incomes are low than towards people whose adult incomes will be low. To analyse these issues one needs to compare the equalising power of a policy across income distributions that differ in their initial level of equality. We develop a method of doing this, using the Atkinson equality measure.