我国市场经济下的宏观调控及其法律规制

宏观调控是现代经济法主要使命,宏观调控法是现代经济法的主体.关于宏观调控及其法律体系,在我国法学界存在多种观点.本文试图从宏观调控的必要性及对我国宏观调控法律体系观点的分析,提出宏观调控法体系的初步设想,使之能更好的适应我国市场经济的需要.     

市场经济体制下的经济法体系构建

在经济日趋全球化的环境下,既对我国经济法体系的建设不断提出新的挑战,也提供了不断进一步发展与完善的机遇.我国必须加快构建一个包含逻辑维、空间维、时间维在内的"三维交融"的,与完善社会主义市场经济体制相适应的经济法体系,加强对微观经济行为的调整与规范,注意设计好应对WTO挑战的具体策略.     

公司控制权市场化、股权多元化与上市公司治理

众所周知,上市公司的国有股一股独大不利于公司治理结构与治理质量的提高。我国目前上市公司提高公司治理质量的关键是优化股权结构,强化公司控制权的竞争。本文就从现在仍存在的治理理念上的误区加以分析,并提出如何从公司控制权市场化方面实现股权多元化结构,从而最终改善我国上市公司的公司治理状况的途径。     

Segmenting international industrial markets

This study “links” Japanese purchasing agents’ attitudes of the United States and U.S. suppliers of products to buyer intentions. A Multiple Analysis of Variance procedure (MANOVA) is utilized to detect similar variances between attitudes and homogeneous demographics. The result of the research is a method that defines industrial market segments in Japan.     

Developing new rules for new markets

This article examines emerging technologies and the markets that they create, reviewing ideas about how new rules might be developed for successful participation in them. The need to examine new markets is being driven by the convergence of information technology and telecommunications, increased channel turbulence caused by the Internet, the embodiment of information technology in new products, globalization, and the increasing concentration and interdependence of industries. New rules to succeed in these markets depend on (1) an understanding of the market and (2) an ability to take that understanding and exploit it into profitable, customer-focused action. This article looks at market calibration including the development of new stimuli, measures, and models. It then takes the results of that calibration to show how firms in the new millennium can focus marketing action not only on a welltargeted marketing mix that has historically been the focus of marketing in the 1900s but by developing, maintaining, and maximizing their installed customer base. John H. Roberts undertook a Ph.D. at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology after 12 years in industry as a marketing manager and marketing director. His Ph.D. won the American Marketing Association's John Howard Award. Since then his research has won the O'Dell Award and he has been runner-up in the John D. C. Little Award twice. He sits on the Editorial Boards of theJournal of Market Research, Marketing Science, theInternational Journal of Research in Marketing, theJournal of Forecasting, and theAustralia-Asia Journal of Marketing. He is the National Australia Bank Professor of Marketing at the Australian Graduate School of Management where he is the holder of the Distinguished Teaching Award.     

Ethnic markets—A Canadian perspective

Reworking published 1981 Census of Canada data, the authors initially present—for all ethnic communities of significant size (40.000⁺ nationally)—information on mother tongue, language spoken most often at home, and place of birth. Comparable provincial and CMA data is then provided. The authors conclude that marketers must supplement Census data with knowledge of such factors as the relative strength of ethnic affiliations and the drawing power of ethnic media. Custom designed studies of ethnic purchase and consumption patterns are also considered essential.     

Reflections on relationship marketing in consumer markets

Conclusion The article by S&P is a landmark in the evolution of relationship marketing concepts. Much of what has been done in the past has addressed narrow aspects of relationship marketing or else has taken for granted the meaning of marketing relationships. S&P set the agenda for future work and give us many provocative ideas for pursuing relationship marketing topics. Their synthesis and integration of ideas from disparate literatures and their proposal for the underlying motivation for entering marketing relationships do much to delineate the direction researchers should take in the future. Before we go too far down any one path, however, we should redouble our efforts to specify exactly what is a marketing relationship. Then we would have the foundation to follow the path so eloquently forged by Jagdish Sheth and Atul Parvatiyar. He was formerly on the faculties of Stanford University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and the University of California, Berkeley. His Ph.D. is from Northwestern University. He is currently doing research on the theory of action, volitional processes, and emotional behavior in marketing.     

拓展农村市场之我见

目前 ,启动内需的重点应从城镇转向农村。开拓农村市场 ,扩大农民消费 ,关键在于改善消费环境、增加有效供给及提高农民收入。     

Segmentation analysis of domestic airline passenger markets

The authors focus on market and behavioral factors involved in the choice of type of airline. Specifically, the paper addresses the extent to which price, income, occupation, sex, education, and several behavioral attitudes affect this choice. The data were analyzed using linear discriminant analysis. The results support the view that both economic as well as behavioral factors work to segment the airline travel market into several sets.     

The impact of shopbots on electronic markets

Internet shopbots are automated tools that allow customers to easily search for prices and product characteristics from online retailers. Some market observers have predicted that shopbots will benefit consumers at the expense of retailers. In this view, shopbots will radically reduce consumer search costs and reduce retailer opportunities to differentiate their products; as a result, they will drive retailer margins toward zero. However, a review of the literature suggests that while shopbots may place pressure on retailer margins in some circumstances, retailers retain numerous opportunities to differentiate their products, leverage brand names, set strategic prices, and reduce the effectiveness of consumer search at shopbots. The article closes by identifying significant questions for future research. Michael D. Smith is an assistant professor of information systems and marketing at the H. John Heinz III School of Public Policy and Management and the Graduate School of Industrial Administration at Carnegie Mellon University. He received a B.S. in electrical engineering and an M.S. in telecommunications science from the University of Maryland and a Ph.D. in management science and information technology from Sloan School of Management at MIT. His research relates to the nature of structure and competition in electronic markets and addresses the efficiency of electronic markets, the uses of network effects and lock-in techniques for competitive advantage, and the measurement of consumer responses to retailer differentiation strategies. Prior to receiving his Ph.D., Dr. Smith worked extensively in the telecommunications and information systems industries, first GTE in their laboratories, telecommunications, and satellite business units and subsequently with Booz Allen and Hamilton as a member of their telecommunications client service team. While with GTE, he was awarded a patent for research for applying fuzzy logic and artificial intelligence techniques to the design and operation of telecommunications networks.     

Switching behavior in automobile markets: A consideration-sets model

Consideration-set formation and the direct and indirect consequences of consideration-set size on switching behavior in automobile markets provide the focus for this model development and testing effort. Empirical support is provided for a model revealing that consideration sets, formed as a consequence of prior experience, product knowledge, and satisfaction, play a substantial role in a consumer’s decision to switch or repurchase the same brand acquired on the previous purchase occasion. Consideration sets are shown to affect the switching decision both directly and indirectly (by motivating retailer search activities). His research has appeared inJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Advertising, Journal of Economic Psychology, andPsychology and Marketing.     

Strategy clusters in japanese markets: Firm performance implications

This study identifies generic Japanese strategy clusters and explores their performance implications. It is based on Japanese executives’ perceptions of the veracity of various PIMS strategy principles in Japan. Three distinct strategy clusters are identified around market position and product strategy dimensions. These Japanese strategy clusters, when moderated by such contingency factors as strategic orientation and product life cycle stage, offer unique performance implications for the Japanese market. His research interests center on global sourcing, competitive strategy, and cross-cultural comparative issues. His recent publications includeGlobal Sourcing Strategy: R&D, Manufacturing, and Marketing Interfaces (Quorum Books, 1992) andThe Japanese Distribution System: Opportunities and Obstacles, Structure and Practices (Probus Publishing, 1993). His research interests include strategy, international marketing, marketing management, and research methodology. His research has appeared in theJournal of Marketing, Journal of Marketing Research, andIndustrial Marketing Management, among others.     

古代市场税收简考

市场税收是古代工商税收重要内容之一,取自于市场的税收收入曾是国家岁入有力支撑.古代市场税收既有其封建性、剥削性的一面,也不乏税制较完备、管理较严格等可资借鉴之处.     

欧元启动对中国市场的影响

欧元的启动给中国市场既带来机遇,也带来挑战。从中国进出口商品市场和金融市场两大方面分析了欧元启动将给其带来的有利和不利影响,并指出了我国的应对措施。     

Crises in business markets: implications for interfirm linkages

In the global economy, firms link with customers and suppliers through a complex nexus of strategically critical interfirm relationships. Due to the diversity of environments and networks involved, these linkages are increasingly vulnerable to catastrophic disruptions, also referred to as “crises.” The authors offer an advanced conceptualization of crises and explicate the interplay of crises and interfirm relationships. On the basis of literature and qualitative data from 27 interviews with executives in 13 firms, the authors develop a process model of crisis that consists of five phases: (1) awareness and acknowledgment, (2) sensemaking, (3) response design, (4) response implementation, and (5) reconciliation in the aftermath. In discussing the model, the authors emphasize the influence of crisis on interfirm relationships and conversely highlight the role of the interfirm relationships in crisis management. The authors contributed equally and are listed alphabetically.     

Exploring the implications of m-commerce for markets and marketing

Business pundits have enthusiastically prognosticated about a seamless, mobile world where commerce occurs on an anywhere, anytime basis. This type of commerce has been referred to as mobile commerce or, more simply, m-commerce. However, there have been relatively few attempts to systematically explore the opportunities and challenges posed by m-commerce. This article investigates the implications of m-commerce for markets and marketing by means of a formal conceptualization of m-commerce, a space-time matrix that delineates the impact of mobile technologies, and a taxonomy of m-commerce applications. Sridhar Balasubramanian is assistant professor of marketing at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. His interests generally lie in the areas of marketing strategy, e-business, and game theory. He has published in such journals asMarketing Science, Journal of Retailing, andJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science. His doctorate is from Yale University. Robert A. Peterson holds the John T. Stuart III Centennial Chair in Business Administration and Charles C. Hurwitz Fellowship at The University of Texas at Austin. He is a former editor of theJournal of Marketing Research and theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science. His more than 150 publications include nearly one dozen books and award-winning articles. Sirkka L. Jarvenpaa holds the James L. Bayless/Rauscher Pierce Refsnes Chair in Business Administration at the McCombs School of Business, University of Texas at Austin, where she codirects the Center for Business, Technology & Law. She presently serves as the editor ofJournal of the Association for Information Systems. She is a founding member of the Global Round Table on Mobile Commerce Research, which held its inaugural meeting in Tokyo in May 2002.     

西部农村市场发育滞后的三大障碍

当前,彻底解决西部的"三农"问题和西部农村的发展,需要开拓我国西部农村市场.研究发现,西部农村市场的发育滞后主要是由构成西部农村市场的供给和农村市场的需求不够完善,以及西部农村市场发展的外部渠道不够畅通等因素共同作用的结果.因此,开拓我国西部农村市场是一个长期而复杂的系统工程.     

Relationship marketing in consumer markets: Antecedents and consequences

Understanding the motivations of consumers to engage in relationships with marketers is important for both practitioners and marketing scholars. To develop an effective theory of relationship marketing, it is necessary to understand what motivates consumers to reduce their available market choices and engage in a relational market behavior by patronizing the same marketer in subsequent choice situations. This article draws on established consumer behavior literature to suggest that consumers engage in relational market behavior due to personal influences, social influences, and institutional influences. Consumers reduce their available choice and engage in relational market behavior because they want to simplify their buying and consuming tasks, simplify information processing, reduce perceived risks, and maintain cognitive consistency and a state of psychological comfort. They also engage in relational market behavior because of family and social norms, peer group pressures, government mandates, religious tenets, employer influences, and marketer policies. The willingness and ability of both consumers and marketers to engage in relational marketing will lead to greater marketing productivity, unless either consumers or marketers abuse the mutual interdependence and cooperation. He has published more than 200 books and research papers in different areas of marketing. His bookThe Theory of Buyer Behavior (1969) with John A. Howard is a classic in the field. He has recently published two scholarly books:Marketing Theory: Evolution and Evaluation (1988) andConsumption Values and Market Choices (1991). He is on the editorial boards of at least a dozen scholarly journals in marketing, international business, and quantitative methods; he is also series editor ofResearch in Marketing (JAI Press). Prior to joining Emory, he was an associate professor of marketing at XLRI Jamshedpur in India. He received his M.B.A. and Ph.D. from Banaras Hindu University, India. He has authored a number of articles in the area of international marketing, business alliances, and environmental marketing. He is coeditor ofResearch in Marketing (Annual Series, JAI Press) and serves on the editorial review board ofInternational Marketing Review.     

A transaction cost explanation of vertical control in international markets

The author applies a model based on transaction cost analysis to explain the vertical control selections made by a sample of exporters. The model, which obtains significant support, suggests that an important contingency when deciding on the desired level of vertical control in a particular instance, is the ability of the market to limit the opportunistic tendencies of outside intermediaries. In effect, the market’s ability to enforce contractual arrangements is often limited. When such enforcement cannot be relied upon, greater control represents a necessary alternative.     

我国证券市场的弊端及其原因分析

我国证券市场发展史不长，存在许多弊端，本文揭示了这些弊端的表现形式，同时作出原因分析。