苯磺酸左氨氯地平片联合替米沙坦片治疗高血压患者的临床价值

目的探讨苯磺酸左氨氯地平片联合替米沙坦片治疗高血压患者的临床价值。方法选取2019年3月至2020年3月辽宁省精神卫生中心收治的90例高血压患者作为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为A组(47例)与B组(43例)。A组单纯给予替米沙坦片治疗,B组在A组治疗基础上加用苯磺酸左氨氯地平片治疗,治疗8周后,比较两组疗效、血压水平及血清学指标。结果B组治疗有效率显著高于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,两组收缩压、舒张压水平降低,且B组低于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,两组血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)、血管性血友病因子(vWF)、可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1(sICAM-1)水平降低,且B组低于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论苯磺酸左氨氯地平片与替米沙坦片联合治疗高血压临床疗效显著,可有效降低血压,改善血清学指标。     

青藤碱注射液关节内注射治疗痛风性关节炎的实验研究

目的探讨青藤碱注射液关节内注射对痛风性关节炎的治疗效果。方法选取健康3个月龄2.2～2.5 kg雄性大耳白兔50只,留空白对照A组10只,剩余兔随机平均分为B、C、D、E实验组,每组10只,实验组建立痛风性关节炎模型,A、B组给予0.2 ml无菌0.9%氯化钠注射液关节腔注射,C组给予0.2 ml玻璃酸钠关节腔内注射,D组给予0.2 ml青藤碱关节腔内注射,E组给予0.2 ml威灵仙关节腔内注射。在注射药物治疗48 h后处死所有兔,观察每组兔的关节肿胀程度、关节液白细胞计数、膝关节及周围软组织中白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平。结果 B组兔关节肿胀程度及关节液白细胞计数大于C、E组,C、E组大于A、D组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。B组兔关节和周围软组织中IL-1β、TNF-α水平高于C、E组,C、E组高于A、D组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。A、D组兔软骨结构、软骨细胞、HE染色以及潮线完整性评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);C、E组上述评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);B组兔上述评分明显高于C、E组,C、E组高于A、D组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论青藤碱能有效降低痛风性关节炎关节滑膜中TNF-α、IL-1β水平,抑制炎症细胞因子的恶性循环,改善病变关节肿痛,从而对痛风性关节炎起到良好的治疗作用。     

红光治疗仪联合甲钴胺治疗中老年糖尿病周围神经病变患者的临床疗效

目的探讨红光治疗仪联合甲钴胺治疗中老年糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)患者的临床疗效。方法选取2018年1—12月于沈阳经济技术开发区人民医院内分泌科治疗的中老年DPN患者160例作为研究对象,按照治疗方法不同分为单纯红光治疗仪治疗组(A组)、甲钴胺治疗组(B组)、红光治疗仪联合甲钴胺治疗组(C组)、对照组(D组),每组40例。比较两组患者空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2hPBG)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、震动感觉阈值(VPT)、多伦多临床评分系统(TCSS)评分、治疗减分率。结果治疗后,C组的FPG、2hPBG、VPT水平均明显低于其他3组,SOD明显高于其他3组(P<0.05);B组的FPG、2hPBG水平均明显低于D组、A组(P<0.05);A组的FPG、2hPBG水平均明显低于D组(P<0.05)。治疗后与A、B、D 3组比较,C组TCSS评分明显降低(P<0.05);A组与B组TCSS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),A组与B组TCSS评分均明显低于D组(P<0.05)。治疗减分率A组为17.48%,B组为18.64%,C组为31.24%,D组为8.37%,C组治疗减分率明显高于其他3组(P<0.05)。结论运用红光治疗仪联合甲钴胺治疗中老年DPN疗效显著,与单纯红光治疗仪、甲钴胺治疗比较优势明显,可显著改善DPN患者的临床症状。     

高血压性脑出血外科治疗的临床新进展

目的探讨高血压性脑出血外科治疗的方法及可行性。方法回顾性分析78例高血压性脑出血患者的临床资料,随机分为行立体定向血肿碎吸术治疗的碎吸组和行锥颅治疗的锥颅组,观察记录两组血肿清除率、致残率和死亡率。结果两组在术后初期、术后7d和术后1个月血量残存量对比不明显(P>0.05)。在术后1个月血肿清除率和致残率对比无统计学意义(P>0.05),在死亡率上碎吸组高于锥颅组(P<0.05)。结论两组均可作为治疗高血压性脑出血的手术治疗方式,但锥颅术引起辅助于置管引流,且在操作性和经济性方面突出而成为治疗高血压性脑出血的首选方案。     

厄贝沙坦联合美托洛尔治疗老年高血压的临床分析

目的评价厄贝沙坦联合美托洛尔治疗老年高血压的临床治疗效果。方法随机选取我院收治的90例老年高血压患者,按就诊时间分为A、B两组。A组患者给予厄贝沙坦治疗,B组患者给予厄贝沙坦联合美托洛尔治疗,对两组患者临床治疗效果进行对比。结果 A组患者治疗总有效率为77.8%,B组患者治疗总有效率为93.3%。两组患者治疗效果对比,B组治疗效果更为优越,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后舒张压、收缩压、心率均较治疗前所有改善,两组患者治疗后改善情况对比,B组更为优越,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论厄贝沙坦联合美托洛尔治疗老年高血压效果明显,安全性高。     

带量集中采购前后氨氯地平和厄贝沙坦治疗原发性高血压的经济性对比

目的比较带量集中采购(简称集采)前后氨氯地平和厄贝沙坦抗高血压的疗效和经济性。方法选取2021年1—11月于曲靖市第二人民医院门诊就诊的原发性高血压患者1047例作为研究对象,予以苯磺酸氨氯地平片者为A组229例、厄贝沙坦片者为B组263例、集采苯磺酸氨氯地平片者为C组264例、集采厄贝沙坦片者为D组291例。比较集采前后4组的抗高血压疗效、成本-效果,并进行敏感性分析。结果A组与集采A组、B组与集采B组治疗有效率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);集采A组、集采B组的成本-效果比(CER)和增量成本-效果比(ICER)显著优于A组、B组(P<0.05);假设药品费用下降10%,其他费用不变,进行敏感性分析,结果与成本-效果分析结果一致。结论氨氯地平和厄贝沙坦集采前后的降压效果无显著差异,但集采氨氯地平和厄贝沙坦的经济性更优,为优选方案。     

缬沙坦联合苯磺酸氨氯地平治疗中高度高血压的临床疗效

目的探讨缬沙坦联合苯磺酸氨氯地平治疗中高度高血压疗效。方法选取2012年4月至10月我院内科收治的高血压患者120例,基于随机数字法将其分为A组、B组、C组,A组患者口服80 mg/d缬沙坦,B组患者口服5 mg/d苯磺酸氨氯地平,C组患者口服5 mg/d苯磺酸氨氯地平+80 mg/d缬沙坦,连续服药12周,在治疗前后对患者的血压情况进行测量。结果 3组患者在治疗12周后的舒张压、收缩压都存在着较为明显的下降(P<0.05)。与A、B组相比,C组降压效果差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),B组与A组患者的降压效果差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3组患者在治疗12周后,A组总有效率为65.0%,B组总有效率为52.5%,C组总有效率为92.5%。结论对于中高度高血压治疗而言,缬沙坦联合苯磺酸氨氯地平的临床疗效较佳,不良反应少,耐受性好,安全性高,可以维持24 h降压。     

乌拉地尔配合自拟天麻川芎汤治疗高血压危象患者的临床效果

目的探讨乌拉地尔(URA)配合自拟天麻川芎汤治疗高血压危象(HPC)患者的临床效果。方法选取2019年12月至2021年12月青岛市即墨区第二人民医院收治的120例HPC患者作为研究对象,根据随机卡片表法按照1∶1比例均衡分为西药组(n=60,给予URA治疗)和中西组(n=60,给予URA治疗+自拟天麻川芎汤)。比较两组患者临床疗效、中医证候积分、血压和心率变化、血液流变学指标以及不良反应发生率。结果中西组治疗有效率明显高于西药组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与治疗前比较,治疗4周后两组中医证候积分均明显降低(P<0.05),且中西组明显低于西药组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗1h、6h后,两组收缩压、舒张压及心率均明显降低(P<0.05),且中西组收缩压、舒张压均明显低于西药组(P<0.05),而两组治疗后心率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与治疗前比较,治疗4周后两组患者全血高切黏度、全血低切黏度、纤维蛋白原均明显降低(P<0.05),且中西组明显低于西药组(P<0.05);治疗期间,两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论URA配合自拟天麻川芎汤治疗HPC,可明显改善患者症状,提升疗效,降低机体血液黏稠度,且不良反应少。     

氨氯地平联合二甲双胍治疗肥胖型高血压患者的临床疗效

目的探讨氨氯地平联合二甲双胍治疗肥胖型高血压患者的临床疗效。方法选取2013年1月至2014年1月肥胖型高血压患者126例,按照数字表法随机分为A、B、C3组,各42例,A组患者单用氨氯地平治疗,B组患者单用二甲双胍治疗,C组患者联合使用两种药物治疗,比较3组患者治疗后胰岛素、血压、血糖、血脂、血红蛋白以及治疗有效率。结果 C组患者总有效率为95.2%,明显优于A组和B组的81.0%、71.4%;治疗后C组患者血压改善明显优于A组、B组;B组及C组降脂效果均优于A组;C组胰岛素抵抗效果明显优于B组、A组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论二甲双胍与氨氯地平联合使用对肥胖型高血压患者血压改善明显,对血脂及胰岛素抵抗也有明显改善作用。     

2型糖尿病合并高血压46例临床分析

目的探讨2型糖尿病合并高血压对血脂、颈动脉彩超以及心脏彩超的影响。方法采用回顾性研究的方法选取单纯2型糖尿病58例为A组,2型糖尿病合并高血压患者46例为B组,比较两组患者的血脂,颈动脉彩超及心脏彩超的差异。结果 B组TG、TC、LDL-C高于A组（P〈0.05）;B组的颈动脉彩超及心脏彩超的异常率明显高于A组（P〈0.01）。颈动脉彩超异常与有糖尿病合并高血压、TC、TG、LDL-C呈正相关（OR值分别为2.889、3.027、1.453、2.525,P〈0.05）,心脏彩超异常与糖尿病合并高血压、TC呈正相关（OR值分别为2.611、1.827,P〈0.05）。结论 2型糖尿病合并高血压患者在临床治疗工作中除了控制血糖及血压外,维持血脂达标是非常重要的。     

企业诚信意识与思想政治工作调研及对策思考

在对福建省企业诚信意识与思想政治工作调研的基础上,提出构建可操作的“三层次四模块”诚信意识培育新模式,推进人本化管理理念的渗透,加强人文关怀和心理疏导,以实现思想政治工作诚信意识培育的目标。     

中国经济的内外均衡与财税改革

我国经常项目持续的大规模顺差,给国民经济的健康发展带来一系列的不利影响。在前人研究的基础上,通过对各种影响因素进行分类拆解,本文试图从理论和实证角度说明长期的储蓄-消费失衡是造成我国贸易顺差的一个重要原因,而其背后的根本原因是由于企业可支配收入相对于劳动者报酬不断提高带来的收入结构和储蓄结构失衡。我国当前企业未分配收入大幅增长的原因可以归结为企业利润率"虚高"和国企"不分红"问题。只有从体制上解决这个问题,才能使储蓄降低到适当的水平,通过拉动内需消除我国过大的贸易顺差,从根本上解决内外经济比例失衡问题。     

森林资源规划设计调查总结与反思

森林资源规划设计调查是为国家、地区及森林经营单位制定林业方针政策,编制林业区划、规划、计划,指导林业生产而提供基础资源数据,为实现森林资源合理经营、科学管理、永续利用、持续发展,充分发挥森林生态效益、经济效益、社会效益服务。森林资源调查的任务是全面查清森林资源数量、质量变化及其消长变化状况、规律,进行综合分析和评价,准确提供所需有关森林资源调查成果资料。基于森林资源二类调查的重要性和今后调查工作顺利开展的需要,调查之后的总结与反思尤为重要。     

Homogeneity and Heterogeneity Within and Across Boundaries and Shorelines: Ensemble of Darwin's Finches and Human Transaction Types

Synopsis: In the most famous example of the biological process of adaptive radiation, two forces explain the fourteen distinct species of Darwin's finches on the Galápagos and Cocos Islands: First, populations adapt to their respective distinct ecological environments. Second, previously separated populations come in contact and may adapt to mitigate inter-species competition. The result is a complex pattern of homogeneity and heterogeneity among the birds, both on a single island and across islands. This pattern reflects the finches' adaptations both to the distinct ecological conditions created by the visible shorelines that separate the islands' niches and to the finches' own less-visible cultural and societal shorelines. The New Institutional Economics highlights the fact that human institutional infrastructures also exhibit complex homogeneities and heterogeneities, as we adapt those infrastructures to accomplish the tasks at hand in distinct geographic and societal contexts. Mixes of both state enforcement and self-enforcement, through inter-temporal, inter-issue, and inter-actor linkages, provide support and enforcement for transactions; and those mixes differ across transactions and across states. When transactions occur across state or cultural shorelines, institutional infrastructures must be flexible enough to accommodate those differences, without allowing the differences to become disguised protectionism or barriers to competition. These issues contribute to many of the regulatory disputes associated with ‘globalization’. We briefly consider two concrete recent examples: (1) the European Union–United States ‘Safe Harbor’ Agreement that regulates firms' policies toward Internet-data privacy; and (2) international trade policy negotiations over regulation of ‘geographical indications’ (for example, Champagne or Roquefort) as means of assuring product quality for processed foods. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Classical and Neoclassical harmonies and dissonances

Abstract

Proofs are given that only singularly can real 1750 – 2007 competitive price ratios be ‘natural', in the sense of being invariant under changes in demand tastes. Proofs are given that both 1750 – 1870 discrete technologies or 1890 – 2007 continuum technologies, with convexity properties sufficient for arbitrage-proof supply-demand equilibria, will be ‘intertemporally Pareto optimal', immune to leaving any deadweight (inefficient) losses on the table. Sraffa (1960), ignoring the vast post-1945 linear and non-linear programming mathematical literature of Danzig, Kuhn-Tucker-Bellman, von Neumann, Ramsey literature does not quite arrive at attainable distribution solutions. Where it tolerates increasing or decreasing returns to scale, there can be no competitive equilibria. When its matrix equations do obey first-degree-homogeneous functions, the book's stress on Basics or non-Basics is an irrelevancy leading to bizarre novel interpretations of Ricardo.

Old age overtakes us all. Alas, Sraffs's proposed critique of twentieth century political economy we will never be able to know.     

Sen and Commons on Markets and Freedom

Amartya Sen's enlarged conception of freedom has augmented the scope of economic analysis but it also has had the surprising effect of being more supportive of the free market than conventional welfare economics. It is argued here that a comparison of Sen's position with that of the American institutionalist, J R Commons, highlights some problems with Sen's approach and points to possible ways in which they might be addressed.     

Globalization and taxation: Theory and evidence

We construct a theoretical model to capture the compensation and efficiency effects of globalization in a set up where the redistributive tax rate is chosen by the median voter. The model predicts that the two alternative modes of globalization- trade liberalization and financial openness- could potentially have different effects on taxation. We then provide some empirical evidence on the relationship between taxation and the alternative modes of globalization using a large cross-country panel data set. On average, globalization is associated with lower taxation but there is some evidence that in countries with high capital-labor ratio, globalization is associated with increased taxation. We make a distinction between de jure and de facto measures of globalization and find a strong negative relationship between taxation and de jure measures of globalization. The results for de facto measures of globalization are mixed.     

Finance and inequality: Channels and evidence

We provide a framework to interpret the recent literature on financial development and inequality. In many developing countries, access to funding and financial services by firms and households is still very skewed. Recent evidence suggests that poor access does not only reflect economic constraints but also barriers erected by insiders. Inequality affects the distribution of political influence, so financial regulation often is easily captured by established interests in unequal countries. Captured reforms deepen rather than broaden access, as small elites obtain most of the benefits while risks are socialized. Financial liberalization motivated to increase access may in practice increase fragility and inequality, and lead to political backlash against reforms. Thus financial reforms may succeed only if matched by a buildup in oversight institutions. Journal of Comparative Economics 35 (4) (2007) 748–773.     

美国、日本产业政策:比较分析与启示

现阶段,在吸取美国、日本经验的基础上,我国产业结构调整应主要依靠市场机制进行调节,同时辅之以宏观政策,尽快使我国的产业结构优化,即产业结构的合理化、高级化。     

The Performance of Public and Private Enterprise under Conditions of Active and Passive Ownership and Competition and Monopoly

Privatisation is driven by the belief that public ownership is cost inefficient, in particular under monopoly. However, some theoretical and empirical studies have questioned whether privatisation will necessarily lead to efficiency gains. This paper focuses on the impact of ownership when owners can be either active or passive. Active owners decide on output, whereas passive owners delegate this decision to a risk-averse manager. It turns out that managerial slack as reflected in the marginal costs will actually be the same or higher in a private monopoly than under public ownership. The impact of entry is theoretically ambiguous, but an increased number of firms in an oligopoly may lead to lower efficiency.