浅谈癃闭证

癃闭证是以小便量少,排尿困难,甚则小便闭塞不通为主症的一种病症,其中小便不畅,点滴而短少,病势较缓者为癃。小便闭塞,点滴病势较急者为闭。根据本病的临床表现可分为广义癃闭和狭义癃闭,广义包括西医学中的严重脱水,心衰,肾衰,神经性尿闭,膀胱括约肌痉挛,泌尿系结石,输尿管狭窄、扭曲,肿瘤压迫,尿道损伤,前列腺增生,前列腺炎等;狭义多指前列腺肥大,前列腺炎,膀胱麻痹,尿潴溜等。     

颈部血管彩超诊断缺血性脑血管疾病颈部动脉血管病变的意义

目的研究探讨颈部血管彩超在诊断缺血性脑血管疾病颈部动脉血管病变的临床价值。方法选取我院在2010年10月~2013年4月收治的100例缺血性脑血管疾病患者,对其进行头部CT检查或MRI检查,均确诊为缺血性脑血管疾病。此外,对患者进行颈部血管彩超诊断以及多层螺旋CT血管成像进行检查,并对两种诊断方法进行比较。结果采用颈部血管彩超诊断发现有41例患者出现颈部动脉狭窄以及闭塞,33例患者椎动脉狭窄以及发育不正常;而采用多层螺旋CT血管成像进行检查时,有53例患者出现颈部动脉狭窄以及闭塞,49例患者椎动脉狭窄以及发育不正常。结论采用颈部血管彩超诊断与多层螺旋CT血管成像进行检查符合率较高,但在一定程度仍有不足,因其检查安全且效果较好,值得在临床诊断中推广使用。     

64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像临床研究

目的评价64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像（MSCTA）在冠心病中的临床应用价值。方法收集我院收诊的52例临床诊断可疑冠心病患者行64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像扫描,利用工作站行多层面重建（MPR）、最大密度投影（MIP）及容积再现技术（VRT）进行三维重建,分析判断病变情况,并与冠状动脉造影（DSA）对照。结果 52例患者中对可评价的715支进行了三维重建,在心率〈70次/min时,MPR、MIP、VRT重组图像可以显示冠状动脉各个主支及所有1级、大部分2、3级及部分4级分支,评价率为96.36%,优良率为93.43%;冠状动脉狭窄满足管腔腔径75%的敏感性为87.9%,特异性为90.1%。结论 64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像是无创、快速的成像方法,多数情况下能够较好地显示冠状动脉成像,可作为冠状动脉病变的诊疗、筛选方法。     

前列腺电切术的术前及术后护理

经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)是目前治疗良性前列腺增生症(BPH)的"金标准",术后常见并发症包括术后出血、前列腺电切综合征、膀胱痉挛、尿失禁、尿道狭窄,其发生与护理有密切关系,现将预防TURP并发症发生的相关护理措施,特别是术前及术后护理综述如下,旨在为临床护理工作提供指导。     

探讨经尿道前列腺电切术的护理配合

经尿道前列腺电切术是指在外科电凝、电切装置下,使用纤维光源膀胱电切镜,经尿道将增生的前列腺组织切除。它具有方法简便、无外露手术切口、创伤小、恢复快的优点,并且无并发症发生。     

灵泽片治疗前列腺增生疗效观察

目的探讨灵泽片对前列腺增生的临床治疗效果。方法选取2008年6月~10月受试的良性前列腺增生病患者480例,随机分为两组,对照组给予前列舒尔治疗,治疗组采用灵泽片进行治疗,对比分析两组治疗效果。结果经过6周的治疗,治疗组痊愈率及总有效率优于对照组,且不良反应发生率低。结论灵泽片治疗前列腺增生可得到满意的疗效,且复发率低,不良反应发生率,值得临床推广。     

经尿道前列腺电切术术后的临床分析

目的探讨由尿道前列腺电切术的治疗效果。方法回顾性分析我院经尿道前列腺电切技术成熟后200例前列腺增生患者行经尿道前列腺电切的资料。结果 200例患者手术效果均满意,术中切除增生前列腺组织。结论经尿道前列腺电切术治疗前列腺增生是安全有效的。     

妇产科手术致泌尿系统损伤案例分析

目的本文对27例泌尿系统损伤案例进行统计,分析了导致泌尿系统损伤的原因及损伤后的处理方法,并提出了预防泌尿系统损伤的措施。方法对11734例手术引起的27例泌尿系统损伤患者资料进行分析。结果 27例病例中,输尿管损伤10例,膀胱损伤11例,尿道损伤6例,输尿管和膀胱损伤是较多见的症状。结论妇科手术致泌尿系统损伤是较少见但较严重的并发症,术前明确诊断、熟悉盆腔解剖结构、严格手术操作规范是预防损伤的关键,输尿管插管吻合及膀胱修补是其主要治疗措施。     

经直肠超声及彩色多普勒超声检查前列腺癌的显像特征

目的就经直肠超声及彩色多普勒超声检查前列腺癌的显像特征进行探讨。方法选择2011年11月~2013年11月我院收收治的46例前列腺患者,本组患者均行TRUS引导穿刺,有18例患者被证实为前列腺癌,其余28例被被证实为前列腺增生。结果 18例被确诊为前列腺癌的患者TRUS图像表现特征:前列腺内部呈"地图样"改变,有强回声结节混杂其中,回声强弱不等,边界模糊不清,在多个低回声区都会出现声像图,结构回声明显紊乱不均;外腺明显增厚,内外腺分界不清,前列腺包膜不完整,形态失常明显。前列腺在边缘区及移行区呈现出弥漫性分布,部分砂粒状钙化呈簇团状,本组患者中出现此征象有13例。28例被确诊为前列腺增生的患者声像图表现特点为:有强回声钙化出现在前列腺部位,位置通常位于内外腺或内腺的交界处,表现出较大的强回声结节。前列腺内部可见到囊性结节,边界尚规则,但是显示欠清,内腺回声稍强于回声结节,回声不均匀,强弱不等;明显朝着膀胱内突起,部分失常,形态饱满。外腺明显受压变薄,内外腺分界尚清晰。结论经直肠超声及彩色多普勒超声检查前列腺癌的显像特征较为明显,能够进一步提高前列腺癌的诊断水平及诊断精度,值得在临床上大量应用。     

经尿道等离子双极电切术治疗高龄高危前列腺增生的安全性分析

目的通过临床观察,探究经尿道等离子双极电切术治疗高龄高危前列腺增生(BPH)的安全性。方法选择2004年12月~2013年5月进入我院进行前列腺增生的高龄患者500例,使用经尿道等离子双极电切术对其治疗。结果经尿道等离子双极电切术的时间平均51min,手术进展顺利,患者的出血量相对小很多,未出现输血病例,手术结束患者全部能够通畅的排尿,3例患者出现暂时性尿失禁,未发现永久性尿失禁病例,同时电切综合征情况未出现,5例尿道狭窄,经过手术后患者的并发症没有加重的现象。结论经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切术在史料高龄高危BPH的过程中,不仅仅治疗效果显著,安全性也能够得到有效保障,值得临床大力推广使用。     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。     

风险视角下企业治理结构和研发创新——基于委托代理模型的研究

本文基于委托代理模型,从风险的视角研究企业治理结构对研发创新能力的影响。本文构建了一个包含创新活动的委托代理模型进行理论分析,利用动态DEA 模型测算创新能力,并使用2015-2018年我国上市制造业企业数据进行实证检验。实证部分检验了理论结论:委托代理问题不利于企业提升研发创新能力,且客观风险和主观风险厌恶会加剧该负面影响。基于此,本文认为上市企业应根据企业自身研发活动特点有针对性地改善企业治理结构,提出了适当延长代理人任期、推动股权激励计划、提升代理人的风险承担能力等建议。     

生物群落结构原型的仿生学模拟

模拟生命系统管理规律的科学即管理仿生学,是知识时代仿生学研究的新领域与前沿.基于模拟生物群落结构规律的研究目的,采用仿生学模拟的研究方法,以生物群落结构为原型,建立了仿生群落结构模型.结论为:垂直结构、水平结构、时间结构与交错区结构是支持生物群落生命活动的结构规律,以该规律为原型,推理建立了仿生分层结构、仿生优化结构、仿生动态结构与仿生相邻结构,四种仿生结构分别侧重于管理资源的分层管理、局部优化管理、动态过程管理、相邻关系管理,该模型为建立类似生物群落的人造管理系统即仿生群落管理系统提供了仿生结构模型.可以预测,该模型具有广泛的应用价值,能够推动管理仿生学的发展.