无痛电子结肠镜下息肉切除术的护理

目的探讨行无痛电子结肠镜息肉切除术患者的护理干预措施。方法回顾性分析我院于2012年11月至2013年10月收治的20例结肠息肉患者的临床资料,总结行无痛电子结肠镜息肉切除术围术期所给予的护理方法。结果 20例患者手术顺利,息肉均一次性切除,未出现并发症,治疗过程中无痛苦,无死亡病例,术后临床症状均明显缓解,满意度达100%。结论在行无痛电子结肠镜息肉切除术治疗结肠息肉的同时配合系统、积极的护理措施,有利于提高结肠息肉患者的治疗效果,促进疾病的痊愈。     

内镜下治疗非静脉曲张性消化道出血92例

目的观察内镜下治疗非静脉曲张性消化道出血的临床疗效。方法对2009年3月至2013年10月昆明市第一人民医院内镜检查所见非静脉曲张性消化道出血的92例患者行镜下止血治疗,观察治疗效果。结果镜检发现非静脉曲张性消化道出血常见病因为消化性溃疡54.35%(50/92),贲门黏膜撕裂6.52%(6/92),吻合口溃疡5.43%(5/92)。所有患者均行镜下金属钛夹或联合止血治疗,急诊止血率为93.48%(86/92)。结论镜检所见消化道出血最常见病因为消化性溃疡,镜下金属钛夹止血治疗成功率高,病死率低,并发症少,有较广阔的应用前景。     

护理干预对肠镜下结肠息肉切除效果的影响

目的探讨护理干预在肠镜下结肠息肉切除术中的临床应用效果。方法选取2013年3月～2013年6月在我院进行肠镜下结肠息肉切除手术治疗的患者350例,随机分为干预组和对照组各175例。两组患者在行肠镜下结肠息肉切除手术的同时,均给予一般常规护理干预模式,而干预组患者则在此基础上采用系统化的综合护理干预模式,并分别对两组患者的临床治疗情况进行深入细致的比较和分析。结果与对照组相比,干预组患者插镜成功的比率显著提高,而术后出现腹胀和肛门便意感的比率则显著降低,差别均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;与此同时,干预组患者术中发生肠穿孔和肠出血的比率均有所减少,但均未呈现出显著性差异（P＞0.05）。结论系统性综合护理干预模式对于肠镜下结肠息肉切除手术患者临床治疗效果的改善及并发症的减少均具有极其重要的意义,适于临床推广和应用。     

消化道溃疡出血急诊胃镜下止血治疗效果观察

目的探讨消化道溃疡出血急诊胃镜下止血治疗效果。方法选取2011年6月至2012年6月我院收治的消化道溃疡出血患者80例进行回顾性分析,随机分成观察组和对照组,每组40例,观察组采用胃镜止血治疗,对照组采用外科手术治疗,观察两组在治愈率、复发率、并发症发生率、止血时间和生命体征恢复时间的比较。结果观察组治愈率明显高于对照组（P＜0.05）,复发率、并发症发生率明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）;观察组止血时间和生命体征恢复时间明显少于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论急诊胃镜下止血治疗消化道溃疡出血能够有效缓解患者的出血症状,减少并发症的发生,效果显著,值得临床推广。     

内镜下治疗上消化道出血的配合及护理探讨——附196例报告

目的探讨上消化道出血患者的内镜下治疗与护理干预。方法对196例上消化道出血患者在24h内紧急胃镜下止血及治疗。结果 196例内镜下治疗后显效126例,占64.29%;有效56例,占28.57%;无效14例,占7.14%;无效14例中,4例再次出血死亡,10例转外科手术治疗。结论胃镜下止血术治疗上消化道出血即时效果显著,操作简便、易行,护理的配合工作十分重要。     

急诊胃镜下止血治疗消化道溃疡出血临床疗效探讨

目的探讨急诊胃镜下止血治疗消化道溃疡出血的临床疗效。方法将我院104例急性消化道溃疡出血患者随机的分成对照组和实验组,对照组52例急性消化道溃疡出血患者视病情在一般急救措施、积极补充血容量、抑制胃酸分泌的情况下采取常规西医药物(必要时气囊压迫)进行止血治疗,实验组52例急性消化道溃疡出血患者在对照组一般治疗措施的基础上采用急诊胃镜下止血治疗,观察统计两组急性消化道溃疡出血患者的临床疗效并将两组患者间的情况进行比较。结果实验组急性消化道溃疡出血患者所取得的临床有效率明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义,P<0.05。结论急诊胃镜下止血治疗急性消化道溃疡出血疗效优于常规西医药物(必要时配合气囊压迫)疗法,术后并发症亦大为减少,对于防止患者病情恶化及预后具有明显的改善作用。     

内镜下食管静脉曲张治疗方法及疗效

目的探讨内镜下治疗食管静脉曲张的方法及疗效。方法选取120例食管静脉曲张患者,随机分为两组,各60例。A组患者给予螺旋式套扎治疗,B组患者给予套扎联合硬化剂治疗。观察两组患者的治疗效果。结果 B组患者急诊止血率、静脉曲张消失率、出血复发率均明显优于A组(均P<0.05)。结论套扎联合硬化剂治疗食管静脉曲张效果明显。     

镜下切除肠息肉的围术期护理

目的探讨镜下切除肠息肉围术期护理措施。方法选取2004年9月至2013年9年我科收治的结肠息肉患者251例,以高频电为主体,配合热活检钳,圈套器及黏膜下注射技术。采用不同方法,在电子结肠镜下对患者的肠息肉拟行切除,并对其进行围术期护理。结果 251例患者中,2例患者术后便血,无其他术后并发症发生,其余患者均顺利出院。结论镜下息肉切除术是一种方便、快捷的治疗方法,但易发生并发症,因此应加强患者的围术期护理。     

内镜下立止血治疗上消化道出血36例体会

目的探讨内窥镜下立止血局部注射治疗上消化道出血的临床疗效。方法选取我院2012年1月～2013年1月收治的36例上消化道活动性出血患者,给予病灶局部注射立止血治疗,同时给予综合处理。结果经病灶局部注射立止血治疗后,34例止血成功,有效率达到94.44%。结论针对上消化道出血,内镜下立止血局部注射治疗是一种有效的治疗方法,非常安全和简便,且患者无需接受外科手术治疗,值得临床推广应用。     

胸外科术后再次剖胸止血28例临床分析

目的关于胸外科术后出血原因及剖胸止血临床疗效的探讨。方法收集我院28例经胸外科手术治疗的患者的临床资料,均存在经剖胸治疗后出现局部出血的临床表现,回顾性分析患者的出血部位、出血原因以及临床治疗过程。结果 28例患者经剖胸再次止血治疗后,临床疗效可观,均未发生严重并发症且达到康复状态。结论对于采取胸外科剖胸治疗的手术,应当在术中认真操作,仔细检查,在关闭胸腔之前需进行全面的排查,有效减少术后胸腔出血的发生,而一旦发生出血,应及时进行剖胸止血,以免危及生命。     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。     

风险视角下企业治理结构和研发创新——基于委托代理模型的研究

本文基于委托代理模型,从风险的视角研究企业治理结构对研发创新能力的影响。本文构建了一个包含创新活动的委托代理模型进行理论分析,利用动态DEA 模型测算创新能力,并使用2015-2018年我国上市制造业企业数据进行实证检验。实证部分检验了理论结论:委托代理问题不利于企业提升研发创新能力,且客观风险和主观风险厌恶会加剧该负面影响。基于此,本文认为上市企业应根据企业自身研发活动特点有针对性地改善企业治理结构,提出了适当延长代理人任期、推动股权激励计划、提升代理人的风险承担能力等建议。     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...