浅谈宗教旅游消费者需求心理——以新疆宗教旅游为例

宗教旅游作为一种专项旅游,是随着人民物质生活水平的提高,宗教的世俗化和生活化而产生的.笔者结合归因理论,通过问卷调查结果主要从原因源角度对新疆发展宗教旅游消费者需求心理进行分析,并分析其中的可控和稳定原因,提出一些建议.     

宗教旅游资源开发的思考

采用文献综述、实地考察相结合的定性研究方法,分析了中国宗教旅游迅速发展的原因以及发展中存在的问题,并对发展宗教旅游提出个人观点。     

国内外宗教旅游对比研究

宗教旅游作为专项旅游中的一种,尚处于初步发展阶段。通过对中外宗教旅游研究的对比,总结中外宗教旅游的发展状况,从研究内容、研究方法与研究结果及其产生的影响等角度进行对比分析并对文献进行整合,以及提出对中国宗教旅游研究有益的借鉴,促进中国宗教旅游研究的发展。     

宗教旅游的旅游经济学分析

宗教旅游作为一种旅游类型是能够在旅游经济发展中发挥作用的,但由于其本身存在的特殊性质使得我们在宗教旅游经济性价值的讨论与实践中面临着一些问题。借助于旅游经济学的分析框架,从市场、目的地、附属设施、宣传四个维度展开讨论,将一些制度性条件纳入到经济性考量之中,力求在一个合理性尺度内实现宗教旅游的经济价值。     

论宗教旅游的开发

宗教是一种文化资源,亦是一种十分宝贵的旅游资源.宗教文化的交流与传播可通过旅游得以实现;同时,宗教文化又伴随着市场经济的进程,日益成为旅游业的重要组成部分,形成专项文化旅游.进入现代社会,宗教与旅游的联系也变得更加紧密.宗教蕴藏着丰富的旅游资源,旅游则可以促进这一资源价值的实现,可以将其转化为现实的旅游产品.旅游这一新兴产业的兴旺发达,不仅有利于修复和保护古老的宗教遗产,还能有力推动宗教复兴和健康发展;宗教的健康发展反过来又赋予旅游新的文化内涵和开发领域.     

基于体验经济时代宗教旅游产品营销策略

宗教旅游是宗教信仰者基于宗教目的及非宗教旅游者参观宗教景区的活动。宗教旅游本身就是一种体验过程,体验在宗教旅游产品开发中具有重要意义,但目前宗教旅游产品在营销过程中忽视旅游者的体验,使其营销活动存在诸多问题。因此在分析营销问题的基础上有针对性地提出相关策略,以期为宗教旅游发展提供参考。     

论宗教文化旅游资源开发

宗教作为一种社会文化现象,在人类历史中长期而且普遍存在着,其影响十分深刻。宗教文化与旅游关系密切,是重要的旅游资源之一,在我国旅游资源中占有重要地位。文章通过对宗教文化的审美阐述来论述宗教文化与旅游业的关系以及在宗教文化旅游资源开发利用中应注意的几个问题。     

鞍山宗教旅游资源的整合与开发

宗教旅游作为文化旅游的组成部分,在新世纪里将扮演重要角色.因此,宗教旅游日益成为现代旅游业的一个重要品牌,宗教朝觐、考察旅游成为现代国内旅游需求中的主要增长点之一.鞍山具有悠久的历史和丰富的宗教文化资源,体现了千山的特殊宗教文化.本文首先介绍了宗教旅游的特征及其认识;其次,解析了鞍山宗教文化的特点;再次,概述了鞍山旅游资源开发的现状;最后.阐述了如何充分发挥鞍山的宗教文化优势进而对鞍山进行有效的旅游开发.使其宗教文化能够得以大力发扬的策略.     

宗教文化旅游信息化的意义和发展策略

宗教文化旅游信息化不仅有利于加强宗教文化旅游市场的营销,而且有利于宗教文化资源的保护,更能提升宗教文化旅游产品的品位。在信息化社会中,应从旅游目的地网络营销、注重利用微博、建立宗教文化资源数据库、创建宗教文化数字博物馆、利用信息技术等方面强化宗教文化旅游之信息化建设。     

四川南充清泉寺宗教旅游发展的现状与对策研究

宗教旅游具有市场规模大,需求稳定的特征。清泉寺是四川省南充市近郊宗教旅游的主要场所,也是农家乐集中的分布区域。清泉寺在南充市的经济建设和社会发展中,发挥了其重要的作用。然而清泉寺景区在旅游发展中出现一些问题,建议举办宗教活动推广宗教旅游,改善和提升清泉寺景区的旅游地形象,从而促进南充市旅游业的快速发展,改善南充市产业结构。     

Exploring the causal effect of religious piety on dividend policy: evidence from historical religious identification

Theory suggests that religious piety is associated with greater risk aversion and more conservative financial policies. Returns to shareholders through dividends are much more certain than returns through capital gains expected to be realized far into the future. We hypothesize that religious piety leads to a higher likelihood of dividend payments. We exploit the variation in religious piety across the US counties and estimate the effect of religion on dividend policy. To draw a causal inference, we use historical religious piety in 1971 as the instrument. Our two-stage least squares results confirm that religious piety induces firms to pay larger dividends.     

The causal effect of religious piety on shareholder wealth: evidence from acquirer returns and historical religious identification

Prior research shows that religion promotes honesty. Honesty in turn motivates managers to view an expropriation from shareholders as self-serving, opportunistic and unethical, thereby alleviating the agency conflict. Religious piety is thus expected to discourage agency-driven acquisitions that reduce shareholder wealth. We exploit the variation in religious piety across US counties (and states) and show that firms located in a more religious environment are indeed less likely to make poor acquisitions, measured by the stock market reactions to the acquisition announcement. To draw a causal inference, we use historical religious piety as far back as 1952 as our instrument. The two-stage least squares (2SLS) analysis confirms that religious piety induces firms to make better acquisitions. Our analysis based on propensity score matching also corroborates the conclusion.     

旅游业可持续发展与旅游文化资源的开发与利用

旅游文化不论是从旅游研究的三大领域来看,还是从旅游业可持续发展来看,它都是旅游业可持续发展之“魂”。中国旅游业要持续发展就应弘扬民族文化,开发丰富的文化旅游资源。总之,只有合理开发和利用好旅游文化资源,把未来旅游吸引力放在自然与文化有机结合的方向上,中国旅游业才能实现可持续发展。     

Economic growth and religious production efficiency

Moral institutions, religions and ethics affect the economic development, as for example, trust and honesty are essential requirements for emerging economic activity. Religious production efficiency measure is constructed and used in economic growth regressions for 8 OECD countries. By using panel estimation methods and additionally time‐series estimations for each country, more information is gained concerning the country specific growth and religion characteristics. Empirical evidence from the panel data estimations seems to suggest that religious beliefs attain more relevance than religious attendance. Religious production efficiency, containing both belief and activity aspects, was not found statistically significant with panel data or with individiual 8 OECD countries growth model, except for Finland. Significant coefficient for Finland can be explained by referring to Finland's unique religious market properties, as the level of religious beliefs have historically been unusually high in Finland. On the other hand, attendance in religious activities has followed the typical Northern‐European decreasing trend. More exact understanding on the links between these concepts are essentially needed to better model the economic consequences of cultural, religious and moral variables.     

加快福建技术创新人才队伍建设的若干建议

创新是一个民族进步的灵魂,技术创新是科技进步的动力,而人才是技术创新的载体。经过“九五”以来各方面的努力,福建技术创新人才队伍在数量、结构和总体素质等方面有了较大改观。截止1999年底,全省各类人才总量达143.5万人,其中,各类专业技术人员96.5万多人。全省评聘高级专业技术职务的有2.57万人。现有两院院士11人,国务院学位委员会学科评议组成员10人,国家科技部863项目承     

The explosive combination of religious decentralization and autocracy

The relationship between religion and politics is explored from a theoretical standpoint. Religious clerics can be seduced by an autocrat and political stability is at stake. The autocrat's decisions consist of two measures both capable of antagonizing religious clerics: adopting secular reforms and unduly appropriating part of the national wealth, which generally are complements. Compared to centralized religions, decentralized religions, such as Islam, tend to discourage secular reforms and corruption but those effects are not guaranteed if the autocrat accepts political instability. The main hypotheses and the central results of the theory are illustrated with regime case studies that refer to contemporary times.     

Review of tourism resources valuation

Tourism resources valuation is now a hot issue of the science of tourism resources, resources economics and environmental economics. This paper reviews research progresss on tourism resources valuation, introduces its theoretic basis, and elaborates two classical valuation methods： TCM and CVM. And two existing problems are discussed Firstly, tourism resources value constitution system is still under dispute. This paper puts forward the Value constitution system based on present value categories. Secondly, tourism resources valuation methods need further studies because both TCM and CVM have deficiencies. Finally, the paper points out the development direction of tourism resources valuation.     

Karl Marx: Communist as religious eschatologist

Murray N. Rothbard is S. J. Hall Distinguished Professor of Economics at the University of Nevada in Las Vegas and editor of theReview of Austrian Economics.