中国经济法可诉性问题分析研究

经济法是建全社会主义市场经济体制、构建社会主义法治国家不可缺少的一个法律部门,是国家干预经济和制约国家权力主题的法律,保障行为人的各项经济权力,实现经济法权力的司法救济,归根到底在于如何实现经济法的可诉性。目前,由于我国的法律诉讼机制的缺失、法律体系的不健全,导致经济法可诉性的实现存在诸多问题。本文通过分析我国经济法可诉性的现状,存在的问题,提出了明确经济法诉权、构建科学合理的公益诉讼制度等合理化建议。     

腐败、经济寻租与公共支出结构——基于2007-2013年中国省级面板数据的分析

本文结合政治选举、私人部门经济活动主体行为特征和财政管理体制框架,采用二阶段寻租模型考察腐败影响公共支出结构的作用机制,发现腐败易于诱发降低公共服务性支出、增加公共购买和公共投资支出的财政资源配置倾向.基于2007-2013年中国省级面板数据,采用动态系统GMM估计方法的实证分析结果表明:腐败显著增加一般公共服务、城乡社区事务和教育的决算支出比重,反腐预期的提高将使这些领域的预算支出比重降低,这意味着上述领域已成为近年来财政腐败的易发领域.为避免腐败对公共支出结构的影响,应在加大反腐力度的情况下,进一步提高地方政府的财政自主程度,完善预算管理制度,提高中央政府专项转移支付资金的使用效率.     

政府规制与社会协商的版权合作治理模式研究

私人市场失灵和政府规制的失效,导致了版权保护法律的运行机制存在着从私力救济到公力救济,再到二者均衡合作的法律商谈机制的逻辑过程.版权合作保护的出发点是对公共权益和私人权益进行均衡保护.这种均衡保护机制主要着眼点在于:实行政府规制主导下的法律商谈机制,并且合理界定版权保护的范围和有效期.     

对高校学生管理自主权的法律思考

本文基于高校学生管理自主权频繁受到学生法律诉讼挑战的现实背景,从现代法治角度对此高校校内治权进行了思考和重建,认为高校学生管理自主权应是一种兼具可诉性与非诉性的复合权力,在尊重其一定的自治地位的同时,应给予相应的法律规制。     

论消费者诉讼制度的完善

在高度发达的商品社会里,经常会发生侵犯消费者的合法权益的事件.特别以消费者受到小额的侵害最为常见.我国消费者面对此类问题通常不选择诉讼解决方式,主要原因是诉讼的解决不经济.为使消费者能够接近司法,有效预防和制止不法侵害,笔者建议在我国建立小额诉讼程序并完善群体诉讼机制,使消费者易于获得司法救济.     

论我国反行政性垄断的司法救济机制

行政性垄断是行政机关或其授权的组织滥用行政权力,限制竞争的行为。虽然我国《反垄断法》设专章对行政性垄断行为进行了规范,但在我国经济体制的转轨过程中,仍有大量行政性垄断出现,对我国社会主义市场经济体制的进一步完善带来了极大的障碍。为更好地贯彻实施《反垄断法》,笔者认为,我国应建立健全以诉讼救济制度为主导的反行政垄断司法救济机制。     

发挥政府采购制度效益的思考

<正>政府采购制度是规范政府采购行为的一项公共管理制度,是我国财政支出管理改革的主要内容之一。政府公共资金中的购买性支出实行政府采购,是市场经济国家的通行作法。我国建立政府采购制度是为适应社会主义市场经济体制改革、建立公共财政体制的需要,在制度设计与功能的定位上,是市场经济条件下加强     

劳动力市场的反垄断规制研究——基于对美国公司间“互不挖人”协议案例的借鉴

反垄断法的实施以保护竞争、鼓励创新、维护消费者利益和社会公众利益为价值目标。反垄断法的实施范围往往集中在商品和服务领域,劳动力市场则较少涉足。美国司法部于2010年对多家科技公司提起的“互不挖人”协议违法案,以及之后推出的规范经营者雇佣行为的反垄断行为指南,明确美国在劳动力市场上的竞争政策,认为经营者间的“互不挖人”协议是属于本身违法的反竞争行为。相较于我国劳动力市场对人才的激烈竞争,存在着因为“挖人”而引发的诸多诉讼。我国反垄断执法机构应该明确对其进行监管的相关机构及职能,针对“互不挖人”协议制定规制,提供劳动者权益维护的反垄断私人诉讼空间,维护劳动力市场的竞争活跃度,强化反垄断的竞争理念,保障并提升劳动者的就业福利。     

反不正当竞争法中的消费者权益保护模式及诉讼制度构建

<反不正当竞争法>制定之初,不正当竞争行为被认定为一种特殊的侵权,根据债的相对性而导致诉讼主体的特定性,使得在不正当竞争行为中受侵害的经营者才有主张损害赔偿等权利,同时<消费者权益保护法>并未涵盖不正当竞争行为对消费者权益侵害时的救济依据.笔者认为应当构建起反不正当竞争法框架之下的消费者诉讼制度,赋予消费者直接启动民事救济程序的权利,以更全面的保护消费者的合法权益,推动市场经济秩序有序进行.     

公司决议瑕疵诉讼中的股东知情权瑕疵研究

虽然我国在2005年《公司法》中规定了公司决议瑕疵诉讼制度(股东可以对公司决议瑕疵提出请求确认无效或撤销的司法制度),但在实际生活中,股东应用时仍然存在着多种障碍,需要从规范当事人资格、完善诉讼担保制度、扩大可诉的范围、寻求多种救济方式等方面完善这一诉讼制度,使其能够真正用于司法实践之中。在司法实践中,公司隐瞒的信息有时会造成对于股东对决议事项的判断出现偏差,这样是否构成公司决议瑕疵诉讼的事由,如若构成对股东知情权的侵犯就应撤销决议。     

企业市场采购中的财务体系

财务分析在企业市场采购中起着举足轻重的作用,本文通过对财务分析内容的界定,理顺了财务与采购的关系,论证了财务分析科学体系的构建的可行性和科学性,最后提出了财务分析指标体系设置的原则和要求,并进行了详细的阐述。     

社会保障财政支出与经济增长的关系研究——基于2003—2007年中国省级面板数据的实证分析

财政政策是政府在宏观上调整经济运行的主要政策工具,对确保市场经济的正常运行和国家职能的履行起着重要作用,财政支出与经济增长的关系一直是国内外学者关注的热点。本文通过构建中国省级面板数据(panel da-ta)模型,对2003—2007年社会保障财政支出与经济增长的关系进行了实证分析,结果显示:地区社会保障财政支出与经济增长呈正相关。     

地方政府财政支出对中国通货膨胀的冲击效应研究——基于凯恩斯 AD - AS 视角

基于国家干预的凯恩斯 AD - AS 视角,主要对财政货币政策与通货膨胀之间的关系进行研究,并采用 1952—2010 年中国宏观经济数据进行实证分析,结果表明: ( 1) 长期内,地方财政支出的扩张是导致通货膨胀的关键性因素; 而中央财政支出的扩张却有利于控制通货膨胀; 不同层次的货币供应量对通货膨胀的冲击则并不显著; 除此之外,通货膨胀还受到消费者预期、人民币汇率、职工工资水平和原材料购进价格的正向影响。(2) 短期内,无论是中央抑或是地方财政支出都能对通货膨胀产生负向的冲击作用; 然而,货币供应量( M0、M1、M2) 却对通货膨胀起到了明显的助推作用,且 M0与通货膨胀具有双向的 Granger 因果关系。( 3) 新时期,财政货币当局不仅需要高度关注高通胀惯性对政策效果的影响,尤其应注重财政货币政策的多重目标分解、梳理及协调配合,而且要处理好反通胀、保增长、调结构之间困难而复杂的关系,寻求三者之间的有效"平衡点"。     

Commercial Insurance of Financial Disclosure: Auditors’ Independence, and Investors’ Protection

In this paper the authors propose, for preliminary consideration and discussion, a system of commercial insurance of financial disclosures (CIFD), under which users of financial information (owners and potential owners of business enterprises) and providers of financial information (managers of business enterprises) would be able to purchase insurance policies from private insurers (commercial insurance companies). These insurance policies would be designed to protect users of financial statements from specific, well-defined losses directly attributable to their use of financial disclosures that failed to conform to contractually defined standards. To reduce their own risks insurance companies will likely purchase from assurance experts (certified public accountants, financial analysts, and management consultants) services assuring adherence to standards. The paper discusses the dynamics of the decisions and negotiations within and among groups of investors, managers, insurers, assurors, and government regulators. The advantages of CIFD over current US regulation of financial disclosure are analyzed. Those advantages, which include increases in the independence of external auditors, improvements in the quality of their audits, and better protection for investors, are assessed. It is argued that CIFD may be capable of evolving into a very flexible system that would accommodate alternative regulatory structures.     

农村义务教育与财政体制转轨研究

随着改革开放的深入,过去＂以乡为主＂的农村义务教育财政体制已逐渐向＂以县为主＂的新体制转化。转轨过程中暴露出的问题,可以通过以下措施解决：提高财政性教育支出在国民收入分配中的比例、事权和财权统一、明确划分各级财政农村义务教育经费支出比例、建立财政资金引导下的多渠道、多角度来源机制、优化管理农村义务教育资金。     

财政农业支出对农民收入的效应分析

提高农民收入是解决我国三农问题的重要手段,而农民收入能否提高与财政的支农政策密切相关。主要从财政农业支出的规模及其结构对农民收入的效应角度,找出了财政支农政策的问题,进而建议政府加大财政农业支出规模,形成稳定的增长机制,并且不断调整和优化财政支农资金结构。     

UK Building Societies: ‘Deregulation’ change myths

An academic and official orthodoxy has it that late 1970s and 1980s UK Building Societies ‘deregulation’ (part of wider financial services/banking ‘deregulation’) foreshadowed great change in the nature of the industry and its markets and, so, in the task for management (change from stewardship to strategic management requiring greatly enhanced capability and from regulation protected marketplace, and permitted industry cartel, to open aggressive competition). In this article the orthodoxy is challenged and is exposed as being largely in the nature of myth through statements of building society finance directors in semi-structured interviews and financial data concerning the profitability nexus and markets.     

All-Out for Victory! Magazine Advertising and the World War II Home Front

Three main factors determine the effect of advertising campaigns: message content strategy, advertising expenditure and previous consumer behaviour. This study investigates the relative strength of each of these influences. Four possible campaign targets are taken into account: campaign recall, campaign likeability, brand recall and intention to purchase the advertised brand. A study of 40 advertising campaigns, evaluated on average by 1200 consumers, shows that, after controlling for the effect of previous purchase behaviour, the effect of message content strategy is generally larger than the effect of advertising expenditure. Nevertheless, more media expenditure positively influences campaign recall and influences brand recall and purchase intention of small brands. The most effective message content strategy differs per campaign target, but overall awareness and likeability strategies are most effective. For purchase intention only, the emotions strategy can be advised. The information strategy is best avoided.     

Modeling inflation-induced adaptive behaviors

Predicting consumers' responses to inflationary pressures has been a dominant research area in psychology, economics, and marketing. The present study attempts to model consumers' inflation-induced adaptive behavior using demographic, shopping patterns, and attitudes as predictors. Also, the present study is not limited to purchase behaviors. Rather, inflation-induced adaptive behaviors are examined for the purchase, preparation, and consumption of necessity goods (food items) involving a relatively low expenditure per purchase but a relatively high annual expenditure.     

Political Marketing Funding and Expenditure in the UK General Election Campaign of 2005.

The 2005 UK General Election will be the second for which detailed data will be available from the Electoral Commission. Whilst this will not be published until 2006, it is possible using 2001 data and participant accounts to identify the overall funding patterns of the three major party campaigns and changes in the way that was spent. In broad terms, funding and expenditure changed little in money terms from 2001 to 2005, largely due to the impact of financial constraints and regulation on the parties. However, in 2005 for the first time, both the Labour and Conservative parties made significant use of direct marketing methods, notably telephone and direct mail to communicate with target voters in closely contested constituencies. The financial constraints on the parties and the strict restrictions on donations have put the question of significant state funding for political parties back on the agenda. The paper summarises the UK regulatory framework on electoral expenditure and political donations and considers the arguments for and against expanding state funding.