Management Control of Project Portfolio Uncertainty: A Managerial Role Perspective

This article presents empirical results on different managers’ viewpoints regarding the sources and management of project portfolio uncertainty. As a key result, this study demonstrates the versatility of uncertainties experienced by managers, the limited degree of perceived control over them, the use of an almost complete management control package in managing uncertainties, and the necessity of managers’ cooperation in the skilled use of the management control package when managing uncertainties. In addition, a further research agenda is proposed.     

Sensemaking on the Shop Floor: Narratives of Knowledge in Organizations*

ABSTRACT This paper explores the role of narratives in organizational inquiry and knowledge work. Following the tenets of the phenomenological method, the paper digs into the ‘life world’ of organizations in order to capture the taken for granted stream of everyday routines, interaction, and events that constitute both individual and social practices. An empirical case study examines the narrative‐based processes of sensemaking and knowledge acquisition in the setting of a traditional pressing plant at Fiat Auto, Italy. The focus of analysis is on how a best performing team engages in the resolution of disruptive occurrences on the shop floor. Through the deconstruction of narratives underlying problem‐solving activities, the case identifies a distinctive mode of investigation conceptualized as ‘detective stories’. The detective's method highlights the interplay between time and narrative in shaping the interconnected processes of organizational knowledge creation, utilization, and institutionalization. More generally, the findings of the paper stress the importance of conjectural knowledge and common‐sensical wisdom in the everyday life of organizations.     

浅析阿司匹林抵抗产生的机理与防治措施

阿司匹林是使用最多、使用时间长的解热、镇痛和消炎药物,能抑制体温调节中枢的前列腺素合成酶,使前列腺素(pge1)合成、释放减少,从而恢复体温中枢的正常反应性,使外周血管扩张并排汗,使体温恢复正常。本品尚具抗炎、抗风湿作用,并促进人体内所合成的尿酸的排泄,对抗血小板的聚集。适用于解热,减轻中度疼痛如关节炎、神经痛、肌肉痛、头痛、偏头痛、痛经、牙痛、咽喉痛、感冒及流感症状。但是临床上有5%～60%的患者虽常规服用阿司匹林,却不能有效地抑制血小板的活性,这种现象被称为阿司匹林抵抗。本文结合多年经验,以研究阿司匹林动力学为基础,探讨了阿司匹林抵抗机理及其防治措施。     

浅谈国有企业人工成本控制

现如今,一提起国有企业,大多数人会认为其是一个“铁饭碗”。国企是什么?国企是一个国家的经济命脉,其与国家的安全与发展息息相关,涵盖通信、石油、军工、天然气等重要领域,国企成为越来越多求职者梦寐以求的“天堂”。基于此,国有企业的问题日渐凸显,其中人工成本问题十分突出。论文从人工成本控制的作用、国有企业人工成本控制的问题以及相应的解决措施三方面展开论述。     

Managerial career development in a developing host-country context: a study of American multinationals in Pakistan

This paper analyses the uptake of distinctly Anglo-Saxon protean and boundaryless careers in the specific organizational context of foreign multinationals operating in a culturally and institutionally distant developing economy. A qualitative case study approach is applied to two American subsidiaries operating in Pakistan. Findings reveal that these ‘new’ career concepts often coexist with, rather than replace, features of traditional, organizational careers both reflecting, and responding to, changing and dualistic individual, organizational and institutional values. Therefore, this paper suggests that all these three levels of analysis need to be considered in conjunction when analysing managerial career development in developing host countries.     

管理者过度自信与企业投资现金敏感度——基于英国上市公司的实证研究

本文以英国上市公司为样本,发现融资约束公司普遍表现出管理者过度自信与投资现金流敏感性之间显著的正相关关系。与此相反,这种积极的关系不能在融资无约束公司中找到。这个结果和预期相一致,即在融资约束公司中过度自信的管理者的投资决策应该比非过度自信的管理者投资决策对现金流更加敏感。因为,现金流的增加能够促使过度自信的管理者加大投资并达到他们想要的水平。     

美国铁路发展史上的政府管制问题探讨

分析了美国不同时期的铁路管制政策的实施,以及政府对铁路政策实施后的得失,从而为我国的铁路改革提供经验和借鉴.     

“Imagine That—A Wildcat at Biomed!” Organizational Justice and the Anatomy of a Wildcat Strike at a Nonunion Medical Electronics Factory

Although the occurrences of wildcat strikes are inextricably linked to violations of organizational justice, only a minimal amount has been written with respect to the relationship between the occurrence of organizational injustice and the presence of employee collective action. And while research on wildcat strikes in unionized settings is fairly extensive, there has virtually been no treatment of nonunion wildcat strikes in the scholarly literature. This paper presents an industrial ethnographic account of a nonunion wildcat strike in terms of analyzing the conditions and process under which a breakdown in organizational justice leads to employee collective action. In analyzing this nonunion wildcat strike, Sheppard, Lewicki, and Minton's seven propositions are utilized to understand the conditions under which a breakdown of organizational justice increases the likelihood of the occurrence of employee collective action (Sheppard, B. H., Lewicki, R. J., & Minton, J. W. Organizational Justice: The Search for Fairness in the Workplace. New York: Lexington Books, 1992). The paper concludes with a discussion of an inexpensive human resource management practice that can be implemented for achieving some type of organizational justice in order to minimize the occurrence of nonunion wildcat strikes.     

现浇钢筋混凝土楼层面板的裂缝防治措施

引起现浇钢筋混凝土结构楼屋面板裂缝原因非常复杂,本文通过事先对可能出现的部位进行分析,在施工中采取有针对性的措施。     

分层教学在工厂电气控制设备课程中的尝试

分层教学思想旨在课堂教学中面向全体学生，促使人人成功。分层教学指协调教学目标和要求，将教学要求置于各层次学生的最近发展区之中，同时调动学生学习可能性中的易变因素，使教学要求与学生的学习可能性相互适应。通过实施分层授课、分层训练、分层辅导、分层评价，以达到各类学生接受效应、共振效应。使各类学生的素质达到分层发展的目的。     

分层教学在工厂电气控制没备课程中的尝试

分层教学思想旨在课堂教学中面向全体学生,促使人人成功.分层教学指协调教学目标和要求,将教学要求置于各层次学生的最近发展区之中,同时调动学生学习可能性中的易变因素,使教学要求与学生的学习可能性相互适应.通过实施分层授课、分层训练、分层辅导、分层评价,以达到各类学生接受效应、共振效应.使各类学生的索质达到分层发展的目的.     

基于成本控制视角的制造业企业财务管理研究

随着国内外经济形势的不断发展变化,我国制造业在国民经济发展中的地位越来越重要。科学技术的发展改善了企业的制造方法、生产工艺以及产品质量,也为我国经济发展提供了不竭的动力。但是,制造业财务管理中的成本控制仍是一个不容忽视的话题,企业管理者要摒弃传统观念,积极利用现代化管理手段,科学、合理控制生产成本,只有如此企业才能在经济浪潮中获胜。     

论汽车制造企业总装车间的班组管理工作

文章论述了汽车制造企业总装车间班组管理工作的重要性,并从安全、人员、质量、产量、成本5个方面讨论了如何做好汽车制造企业总装车间的班组管理工作。     

电力工程施工成本控制管理

在当前市场经济形势下,电力施工企业面临来自各行业的竞争,如何能在竞争中立于不败之地且日益壮大,最有效的办法是加强成本管理,控制施工企业成本,为业主提供质量高、工期短、造价低的建筑产品,针对当前低成本战略,电力施工企业应遵循目标管理、责权利相结合、收支对比、节约经济、全面控制、以施工过程的动态控制为重点、例外管理为原则的方针对施工全过程进行成本管理与控制。     

试论工程造价全过程控制的重点

本文论述了工程造价控制的主要问题,并详细的分析了工程项目造价全过程控制的重点。     

面向制造业的入厂物流管理模式方案设计探究——以汽车制造企业为例

本文就制造业入厂物流的管理模式进行了探讨,并以汽车制造业为例,给出了入厂物流物料制定方法,并最终提出了入厂物流业务流程设计方案。     

浅谈电气控制柜的装配工艺

本文阐述了电气控制柜的装配工艺,以温度控制柜为例,主要介绍其组成、装配工艺。正确合理的装配工艺是保证电控柜可靠性的前提。     

Heterogeneous effects of child disability on maternal labor supply: Evidence from the 2000 US Census

Previous research has documented a negative relationship between child disability and maternal labor supply. Because of data limitations, most studies in this literature use broad measures of disability, which may obscure important differences among children with limiting health conditions. This paper presents new evidence on the labor supply of women with disabled children, exploiting disability information provided by 2000 US Census. This large nationally representative sample allows us to test for differences across different types of disabling conditions. We find that accounting for this heterogeneity in conditions is important. Using a broad definition of disability results in small differences between women with and without a disabled child. When we use a more detailed classification, we find larger labor supply reductions for mothers of children with physical disabilities or limitations in their ability to care for themselves. There is less evidence that having a child with either mental or emotional limitations or a sensory impairment is negatively related to employment or weekly hours. We also test for heterogeneous effects related to child age and maternal education. We find no clear pattern with respect to age and some evidence that the relationship between child disability and maternal labor supply is stronger for less educated mothers.     

Unfinished Business: The Persistence of Child Labor in the US

Among historians it has become customary to acknowledge that children have always worked. That is, before industrialization children worked, but their work was not deemed a social problem. With industrialization, however, child labor came to be condemned as morally repugnant, economically foolhardy, and socially destructive. Reform efforts were mobilized and, after protracted struggle, children were effectively dispelled from the mines, mills, and factories. Problem solved-or at least we wished to think so. Unfortunately, the US accommodation with child labor was incomplete, and so, child labor persists in pockets of American society. In recent years there has been a growing recognition that many children work, and do so at very young ages. Not only have children always worked, but they continue to do so today.This essay assesses residual child labor problems in the US today. It asks why, when the US made its accommodation to child labor in mines, mills, and factories, we failed to adequately address child labor in other sectors, thus paving the way for continued problems in agriculture, street trades, sweatshops, and elsewhere in our economy.