绿色消费意愿的反应机制——品牌拟人化和产品类型的匹配效应

“绿水青山就是金山银山”,绿色消费与可持续发展成为经济社会发展的重要议题,消费者如何践行绿色消费、如何对绿色产品形成绿色消费意愿是绿色消费研究的重点领域方向。为此,基于刻板印象内容模型,研究探讨品牌拟人化类型与绿色产品类型的交互效应对绿色消费意愿的影响及其反应机制。研究主要发现：（1）品牌拟人化与产品类型交互影响消费者的绿色消费意愿。对于实用型产品,能力型拟人（vs.温暖型拟人）更能激发消费者的绿色消费意愿;对于享乐型产品,温暖型拟人（vs.能力型拟人）更能激发消费者的绿色消费意愿。（2）绿色感知质量、绿色感知价值中介品牌拟人化类型和产品类型的交互效应对消费者绿色消费意愿的影响。（3）消费动机（利己动机vs.利他动机）调节品牌拟人化类型与产品类型的交互效应对消费者绿色消费意愿的影响。基于以上结果,研究丰富了品牌拟人化的相关研究,为企业品牌拟人化类型的选择、绿色产品的宣传、消费者绿色消费意愿及行为等提供现实参考价值。     

主题餐厅消费意愿及其影响因素研究——基于重庆市572位顾客的调查数据

主题餐厅的活力和利润来源于忠诚的顾客,而影响忠诚顾客的关键因素在于消费意愿。该文从体验消费视角,在清楚界定主题餐厅概念的基础上。选取顾客是否愿意到主题餐厅消费的意愿作为被解释变量,主题餐厅消费主题、消费产品、消费感知物有所值和顾客生活形态特征作为解释变量,构建kgistic二元选择模型,依据对重庆市572位顾客的调查,对其到主题餐厅消费的意愿及影响因素进行分析。研究表明：顾客对主题特色、菜品特色的好奇心,对菜品质量、菜单设计、服务水平、消费成本的合理预期的认可,家庭收入与顾客到主题餐厅消费的意愿选择正相关。顾客对主题餐厅消费信息的了解程度、消费经验与到主题餐厅消费的意愿负相关。菜品品种、接待能力、年龄及受教育程度与是否愿意到主题餐厅消费意愿无显著相关。     

可持续消费态度和行为差异成因探讨

随着宣传和教育的不断深入,消费者对于可持续问题的正向态度和个体实际消费行为存在着巨大的差异。为此,基于消费者的视角探讨政策、消费者效能、信息因素、人际交往因素与营销因素五个方面分析了造成"态度行为"差异的原因。在分析中,指出只有培育可持续消费的文化,通过政策促进企业实施可持续生产提供合适的产品,让消费者感到自己的行为是有效的,由此才能减少"态度行为"差异。     

Helping "light green" consumers walk the talk: Results of a behavioural intervention survey in the Swiss electricity market

While many consumer surveys show very positive attitudes towards renewable energy, the share of consumers actually purchasing green electricity is still in the single-digit percent range in most countries. What can be done to help consumers with positive attitudes towards green electricity to “walk the talk”, i.e. to behave consistently with their preferences? We developed a psychological model based on the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) to design a large-scale behavioural intervention survey with 1163 Swiss electricity consumers. Our results show that by providing information targeted at the key factors influencing the intention to purchase green electricity, namely attitudes towards purchase, social norms and perceived behavioural control, a significant increase in green electricity market share can be achieved. Our results show that price is not the only barrier to purchasing green electricity, and that information to increase the perceived benefit of buying green electricity as well as targeted communication to overcome inertia among retail electricity consumers are equally important factors.     

基于计划行为理论的绿色食品购买行为研究

文章从消费心理学的角度,通过问卷调查的方式,对影响绿色食品购买行为的因素进行了分析;基于计划行为理论,构建了揭示购买行为态度与行为关系的理论假设模型。研究结果显示,消费者对购买绿色食品的态度、主观规范、知觉困难等心理因素对购买绿色食品的意向有重要影响,消费者购买绿色食品的意向对其购买行为具有预测作用。     

Fashionable food: a latent class analysis of social status in food purchases

A framed field experiment combined with a latent class econometric approach was used to investigate how prestige-seeking behaviour influences food choices. We propose a theoretical framework to test conspicuous consumption of specialty food products. We test the hypothesis empirically by categorizing individuals into unobserved latent classes according to their general prestige-seeking behaviour. We find evidence of food consumption driven by prestige to the point of becoming a symbol of social status. The prestige-seeking behaviour seems to be motivated by invidious comparison or higher-class individuals seeking to differentiate themselves from lower-class individuals; and pecuniary emulation, or lower-class individuals buying prestigious goods in order to be perceived as members of a higher class. Findings from this study revealed that the effects of differentiating labelling attributes had a higher impact for individuals classified into classes with prestige-seeking behaviour to attain an elevated social status.     

Organic food consumption in Europe: International segmentation based on value system differences

In this paper, we analyze the market for organic products in eight European countries, based on differences in their respective value systems. With a significant sample of 8014 consumers, we first identify international segments in the European organic products market using the Values Theory. Then we apply the Theory of Planned Behavior to examine how European consumers use attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control to form their purchase intention for organic products. Results show that subjective norms are the main underlying factor driving consumer behavior concerning these products. This effect is higher for the group of countries whose citizens score higher on Schwartz's value scale. In this segment of countries, people are more likely to be affected by what others think, which means that the best approach is to increase social awareness of the relevance of purchasing organic products. Organic products represent a potentially profitable opportunity for companies with an international horizon. Results are also useful for consumers and public administrations.     

Planned behaviour of tourism students’ entrepreneurial intentions in China

This research aims to investigate the influence of planned behaviour and personal variables on entrepreneurial intention in order to explain and improve low entrepreneurial intention among tourism students in China. A total of 109 tourism students were surveyed to find the key factors affecting their entrepreneurial intention by factor analysis. The six hypotheses were then tested in a sample of 267 Chinese tourism students. According to structural equation modelling (SEM), it was found that there are statistically significant relationships between personal attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control and entrepreneurial intention. Multi-group analysis further showed that there are differences between personal attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control according to different personal variables. The results highlight the importance of taking a subdividing approach when researching the factors that influence entrepreneurial intention. Thus, we believe a number of implications about the most effective role of creating entrepreneurial atmosphere from universities, enhancing tourism students’ self-efficacy, and setting student-centred policies in promoting and developing entrepreneurial intention.     

Youth reservation wages in Romania: are wage expectations realistic?

Romania has been experiencing difficulties in integrating young people into the labour market in recent years. Moreover, the problem of migration is extremely acute, young people being the most eager to leave the country. Considering also the demographics – declining birth-rates and an aging population, the risk of imbalance is extremely high. Thus, it is important to design strategies targeting young people, helping them find quality jobs so they contribute to the sustainable growth and development of the Romanian economy. In this context, the paper aims to identify the determinants of youth reservation wages and to analyse whether youth wage expectations are too high and prevent the acceptance of available jobs. The article contributes to the explanation of youth unemployment by analysing their behaviour, complementing the existing studies that focus mainly on macroeconomic and institutional factors. The results indicated that young unemployed people really have high reservation wages, expecting more than we estimated to earn on the market, considering their personal characteristics. The main factors influencing their reservation wage are: age, gender, education, intention to emigrate, duration of unemployment, and friends’ wages.     

以交易成本理论探究网路消费者行为

本研究旨在结合交易成本理论与其它影响因子（如产品品质、知觉风险与知觉价值）,试图发展整合型研究模式以探究网路消费者行为。实证分析方法主要运用叙述性统计分析、因素分析、信度分析与路径分析。研究发现网路服务品质、产品品质与交易成本均对于知觉风险与知觉价值存在显着的地影响效果。其次,知觉风险与知觉价值也会对网路购买意图产生显着影响效果．此外,实证分析结果亦显示网路服务品质、产品品质与交易成本均可透过知觉风险与知觉价值,对于网路购买意图产生影响效果。     

消费者对地理标志农产品支付意愿的实证分析——以盐池滩羊为例

以农产品主销区消费者调查问卷为依据,分析了影响因素对消费者地理标志农产品支付意愿的实际影响。结果表明:消费者对农产品地理标志了解和认知程度仍处初级阶段;受教育程度正向影响购买意愿,反向影响溢价支付意愿;对农产品注册为地理标志了解程度、对农产品口感味道评价正向影响购买意愿和支付意愿;非穆斯林、已婚、羊肉占肉类消费比重正向影响购买意愿,而家庭收入水平、无羊肉忌口、无超市购物去处等则正向影响溢价支付意愿;但性别、年龄、农产品品牌了解程度、地理标志了解程度等均未显著影响消费者支付意愿。     

航空意外险感知风险与购买意愿关系研究

航空意外险是一种非强制性保险产品,产品的销售取决于顾客的购买意愿,而购买意愿又与顾客的感知风险相关联.本文在文献研究基础上,将时间风险、功能风险、财务风险、社会风险四个维度作为感知风险变量,同时引入客户保险产品认知度这一调节变量,构建感知风险与购买意愿分析模型,并对调查数据进行实证分析,最后提出相关建议.研究结论显示:首先,时间风险、功能风险、财务风险对购买意愿有显著的负相关,而社会风险则对购买意愿无显著影响;其次,保险产品高认知顾客与航空意外险购买意愿正相关,而一般认知顾客与购买意愿无显著性关系;最后,顾客介入程度这一调节变量仅对功能风险起到调节作用,顾客的功能风险与航空意外险的购买意愿显著相关.     

Adolescent alcohol use,sociability and income as a young adult

We use data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent Health (Add Health) to study how sociability and adolescent alcohol use impact personal income as a young adult. We find that factors which enhance not only individual sociability but also social interaction at the community level are positively linked to future earnings of adolescents. Adolescents whose friends and friends of friends have greater sociability reap long-term labour market rewards into adulthood. After adjusting for individual and community sociability, the effect of teenage alcohol consumption on labour market earnings as young adults is reduced. Our results suggest that earnings premiums associated with adolescent alcohol consumption may be partially explained by social network dynamics.     

Consumer confidence and economic activity: a factor augmented VAR approach

This study aims to analyse the effects of the consumer confidence on economic activity for the US market. We use the empirical factor-augmented vector autoregression (FAVAR) method, which enables us to incorporate a wide range of economic activity factors into the analysis. The consumer confidence index (CCI) is chosen as the principal variable that is presumed to represent the degree of optimism on the state of economic activity. The results show that consumer confidence and economic activity are strongly correlated for manufacturing-related factors, such as industrial production and inventories. We also observe strong relation among CCI and personal consumption expenditures, as well as housing market variables.     

有机食品购买的主要影响因素分析——基于城市消费者的调查统计

通过梳理有机食品消费研究的相关文献,从而建立影响有机食品购买决策的理论模型,然后运用相关分析和Logit模型对城市消费者有机蔬菜消费的调研数据进行数理统计分析。研究结果显示,消费者受教育程度、消费者收入、消费者对有机食品认知水平、消费者在食品购买中对安全性的要求、消费者对有机食品的感知价值、消费者对有机食品的态度是影响消费者购买有机食品的主要因素。     

Moderating effect of personal innovativeness on mobile-RFID services: Based on Warshaw's purchase intention model

As telecommunication market becomes more competitive and the customers' expectations regarding services or products increases, understanding customer or market needs is at the center of successful telecommunication business.In this study, we attempt to explore the intention of using mobile services based on the Warshaw's purchase intention model. We also focus on a personal innovativeness in the domain of IT (PIIT) because we assumed that as characteristics of telecommunication services become increasingly sophisticated, personal innovativeness could be a key factor of telecommunication services usage. In this study, we examine whether PIIT has the moderating effect on purchasing mobile-RFID services.The result shows that both purchasability and perceived need collectively explain purchase intention of mobile-RFID services, as well as PIIT serves to moderate the relationship between perceived need and purchase intention of mobile-RFID services. The study findings also indicate that IT knowledge, responsiveness to IT news and ability to use mobile phone of customers are positively related with PIIT.     

关于拓展我国农村消费信贷的思考

拓展农村消费信贷是建立现代农村金融制度的客观需要,约束我国农村消费信贷发展的因素主要是消费信贷的配套服务机制缺失、农村金融业不发达、农民收入不稳定等。因此,转变消费观念、改善消费信贷环境、增加消费信贷品种、健全社会保障制度、建立现代农村金融制度是拓展我国农村消费信贷的有效对策。     

我国居民消费需求与社会保障水平的动态分析——基于中国19902009年经验数据

文章利用我国1990-2009年居民人均消费支出PCS和社会保障支出PPS数据，采用协整检验和误差修正模型等计量技术，检验社会保障水平对于居民消费的影响。在计量分析的基础上，认为拉动居民消费需求的关键在于完善社会保障制度、实现国民收入水平的持续稳定增加，增强国民的消费信心；同时还要扩宽社会保障基金的筹资渠道，加快重大民生工程建设，改善人们的消费预期，引导和促进居民扩大消费需求。     

在线负面评论对网络消费者购买意愿的影响

用在线负面评论的内容相关性和专业性衡量在线评论质量,采用实验研究的方法,从在线负面评论的负面程度、数量、内容相关性和专业性4个维度,研究了在线负面评论对网络消费者购买意愿的影响,建立了在线负面评论与网络消费者购买意愿的关系模型,检验了网站类型在该模型中的调节效应。结果表明:在线负面评论的负面程度、数量、内容相关性和专业性正向影响网络消费者浏览网站时的感知风险,进而影响其购买意愿;网站类型在此过程中起调节作用;相比在团购网站上购物,消费者在非团购网站上购物时受在线负面评论影响产生的感知风险更大。     

Exploring radio frequency identification technology's application in international distribution centers and adoption rate forecasting

Radio Frequency Identification Technology's (RFID) application in the global supply chain has seen increased attention, and international distribution centers (IDC) are now playing a more crucial role in the global supply chain operation. This paper adopts structure equation modeling (SEM) to investigate the impact of three factors mainly based on the technology acceptance model (TAM): perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and the social norm on the use intention of an IDC. Empirical results indicate that a revised TAM could explain the RFID acceptance behavior. Perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and the social norm are demonstrated to have an effect on RFID acceptance intention. The choice of RFID adoption is also impacted by the supply chain's stakeholders. Factors that affect the adoption intention of an IDC thus include customers and partners' request, government policy, and competitors that have already adopted RFID. Furthermore, the study adopts the binary Logit model based on the stated preference method's data to predict the possible adoption rate of the RFID system in the adoption intention of an IDC. This empirical study shows that significant statistical determinants influencing RFID acceptance are: system purchasing fixed cost, variable cost, and perceived usefulness. Our model also predicts that the penetration of RFID application in Taiwan's international distribution centers could hit the 25% adoption rate. The study provides several managerial implications and suggests future research directions.