论战略管理会计及其在企业中的应用

战略管理会计以其长期性、外向性、全局性和综合性的特点,从战略高度满足企业发展需要,对企业的会计模式和管理方式都产生着深远的影响,有助于企业长远规划的树立和经营决策的科学化。但战略管理会计在我国由于引入较晚,发展不够完善,在我国的实践应用中还存在着若干问题,本文根据我国企业的实际情况,从制度层面、人才层面和企业实践层面多角度提出了相应的对策。     

装备制造企业创新与融资约束——基于战略群组的研究

创新是企业生存和持续发展的根本,而融资支持一直被认为是促进企业创新的重要因素。文章运用FCM聚类法对我国装备制造企业进行了战略群组划分,并对比分析了创新战略群组和其他战略群组融资约束程度和盈利能力的差异,研究发现：我国装备制造业仅0．08％企业选择了创新差异化战略,0．43％企业选择了营销差异化战略,14．17％企业选择了成本领先战略,而85．32％企业都没有明显的战略倾向;创新型企业现金持有最低,负债率最高,获得外部融资支持,但群组平均利润率为负,盈利能力差。创新型企业的高研发投入、高外部融资支持并没有高利润回报,这应是我国企业创新动力不足的重要原因。     

我国商业银行战略发展问题分析及对策

本文在剖析我国商业银行发展现状的基础上,针对我国商业银行战略发展中存在的问题,从地域范围、客户细分和产品类别三个维度上进行了分析,并据此提出了我国商业银行在这三个维度上的战略发展对策建议,以期在决策层面为我国商业银行修正和完善自身的战略添砖加瓦。     

金融危机背景下中小企业的战略转型研究

本文阐述中小企业、战略转型的概念性认识,从中小企业自身问题、发展环境、金融危机的影响三个方面加以分析,总结我国中小企业面临的发展困境。最后,从政府和企业两个层面探讨了中小企业战略转型策略,以便更好地指导中小企业的持续发展。     

我国金融业信息化的发展战略构想

文章从宏观、行业和企业三个层面分析了我国金融业信息化的内外部环境因素,基于SWOT分析法提出我国金融业信息化发展应重点采用积极进攻型战略。同时,还对这一战略的具体实施提出标准化战略、联盟战略、人才战略和全球化战略四个发展战略方向。     

战略决定命运——企业“战略危机”的九种表现

<正> 战略制定、战略实施和战略评价,构成企业战略管理过程的三个重要阶段,在这三个阶段,我国企业均不同程度地存在着一些问题。这些表现也正是企业“战略危机”的征兆。     

略论当前企业经济管理体系的完善

伴随着经济社会的不断快速发展，企业在自身经营当中也会面对诸多的新问题，因此有必要对自身的经济管理体系进行完善，从而对这些问题加以很好的解决。本文首先分析当前企业经济管理体系存在的问题，继而从完善公司治理结构、强化人力资源战略、优化成本管理策略三个层面给出了完善企业经济管理体系的对策。     

基于企业发展战略的全面预算管理问题浅析

企业发展战略可以对企业的整体性和长期性发展问题进行预前谋划、资源调配。但目前我国部分企业战略目标和预算目标严重偏离，导致企业年度预算目标以及战略目标均无法完成。本文分析了企业全面预算管理中存在的问题，并提出了解决措施，以期能帮助企业实现良性的发展战略管理，促使企业健康发展。     

我国中小企业集群发展空间层面战略论

中、小企业集群化发展是企业空间布局的一种重要的模式。改革开放以来我国中、小企业集群的发展已经有一些成功的范例,也面临着一些问题,这些给我们的经验与启示是十分有益的。本文针对我国中、小企业集群发展的实际从全国、区域、集群和企业四个层面上论述了我国中、小企业集群发展的战略取向。     

浅析企业的现金流管理

现金流如同企业的血液，它是衡量企业财务状况是否健康的一个重要标准。加强现金流管理有利于提高企业决策的科学性和有效性，有利于企业进行风险控制。企业现金流管理要从战略和战术两个层面进行，既要依据企业的发展战略，站在战略高度进行管理，同时又要注意现金流的常规性管理，以保证企业的现金流始终能跟上企业发展的需要．并最大限度地降低风险、提高收益。     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

For Better or for Worse? Local Impacts of the Decentralization of Indonesia’s Forest Sector

This paper quantifies the local impacts of mechanized logging on forest-dependent communities in Indonesia, before and after decentralization. A conceptual framework incorporates financial, social, enforcement, rent-seeking, and environmental impacts. Using data from 60 communities in East Kalimantan, the empirical results suggest that significantly more households received financial and in-kind benefits after decentralization compared to before. Many communities engaged in self-enforcement activities against firms both before and after decentralization. Post-decentralization, a significantly higher proportion of households perceived community forest ownership. There were few significant differences in perceived environmental impacts. Little evidence exists of a post-decentralization trade-off between environmental and financial contractual provisions.     

以资本管理为核心的银行治理综合评价指标研究

商业银行的特殊性体现在风险性、外部性和多重治理目标上,尤其集中体现在风险管理的本质上。风险管理日益成为现代商业银行的主体活动和核心职能,资本管理成为现代商业银行风险管理的核心。在整合EVA和RAROC指标的基础上。文章构建了以资本管理为核心的银行治理的综合评价指标,以求真实反映银行经营的成果,有效衡量风险收益和风险成本的对比关系,从而反映以资本管理为核心的银行风险管理的过程、能力和效率。     

Markteintrittstiming von Telekommunikationsdiensteanbietern

Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Studie analysiert für 87 Neuprodukteinführungen (NPE) und Auslandsmarkteintritte (AME) von Telekommunikations(TK)-Diensteanbietern in Deutschland, zu denen 42 Schlüsselinformanten in einer schriftlichen Befragung Auskunft gaben, (1) inwieweit deren zeitliche Eintrittspositionierung durch Marktcharakteristika und Unternehmensressourcen erkl?rbar ist sowie (2) inwieweit und gegebenenfalls unter welchen unternehmensexternen und -internen Situationsbedingungen deren Markteintrittstiming mit dem wahrgenommenen Eintrittserfolg assoziiert ist. Ein früher Markteintritt wurde dann realisiert, wenn die Wettbewerbsintensit?t im adressierten Gesch?ft niedrig und das Budget für den Expansionsschritt überdurchschnittlich ausfielen. Zwischen dem Markteintrittstiming und der Beurteilung des Eintrittserfolgs bestand ein nicht monotoner, umgekehrt U-f?rmiger Zusammenhang: Frühe Folger wiesen signifikant bessere Erfolgswerte auf als Pioniere und sp?te Folger, deren Erfolgsniveaus nicht signifikant divergierten. In einer Industrie, die durch starke externe Netzeffekte gepr?gt ist, fallen offenbar die Nachteile eines Markteintritts als Pionier oder sp?ter Folger st?rker ins Gewicht als die Vorteile dieser beiden zeitlichen Eintrittspositionierungen. Unabh?ngig vom Markteintrittstiming wurden NPE/AME von TK-Unternehmen als erfolgreicher eingestuft, wenn sie sich in einen Markt mit stark wachsender Nachfrage und aufeinander abgestimmt (re)agierenden Wettbewerbern mit qualitativ überdurchschnittlichen, abw?rtskompatiblen, erprobbaren und wenig erkl?rungsbedürftigen TK-Diensten engagierten.      

利用膜技术回收利用碱性废水研究进展

回顾了利用膜分离技术处理碱性废水的工艺与综合利用技术所取得的丰硕成果，总结了各种治理方法的特点、适用性及发展方向。     

Taxing Times in Indonesia: The Challenge of Restoring Competitiveness and the Search for Fiscal Space

Indonesia’s economic growth picked up slightly in mid-2016 but remains below the level demanded by government and popular aspirations. Despite a plethora of reforms intended to increase efficiency and productivity, some policies are perverse and longstanding problems of implementation remain. The share of manufacturing has declined, the real exchange rate has appreciated, exports have dwindled, and growth has been trending downwards. The banking sector is stable but inefficient, with wide net interest margins and numerous barriers to competition. Trade protection, particularly in basic food commodities, has created high costs that weigh particularly heavily on the poor. Declining government revenues have placed increasing pressure on the public budget, even as the current administration aims to increase spending on infrastructure and welfare and to enhance productivity. In an effort to increase revenues, the government has announced a tax amnesty program and other measures. In addition, Sri Mulyani Indrawati, the new finance minister, has taken steps to cut non-essential expenditure in order to secure high spending on infrastructure and at the same time keep within the 3% budget deficit limit stipulated by law. Although the overall debt situation is not yet alarming, declining revenues and budget cuts that do not fully reflect this decline are putting pressure on increasing debt levels. The government’s high-profile tax amnesty program was the major policy initiative implemented in the second half of 2016 that aimed to relieve this pressure. Despite widespread criticism of, and scepticism about, the tax amnesty (both within and outside Indonesia), its first phase had a much higher participation rate than most independent accounts expected. Revenues raised so far through the amnesty are less than 60% of the official target, but this is actually a strong result for the short term. The bigger question, however, is whether the amnesty is a key element of a more encompassing strategy to overhaul the system of taxation and tax administration.     

The causes of Japan's ‘lost decade’: The role of household consumption

In this paper, I analyze the causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and find that the stagnation of investment, especially private fixed investment, was the primary culprit. I then investigate the causes of the stagnation of household consumption during the 1990s and find that the stagnation of household disposable income, the decline in household wealth, and increased uncertainty about the future are among the contributing factors. Finally, I consider whether demand side factors or supply side factors were more important as causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and conclude that the former (especially misguided government policies) were probably more important.