我国邮政储蓄体制的改革步骤和方案选择

邮政金融无论在国外还是在我国都有较长的发展历史 ,并成为一国金融体系的重要组成部分。本文在对我国现行邮政储蓄制度进行全面分析的基础上 ,提出从中央银行、邮政总局、商业银行和农村经济等方面来看 ,现行邮政储蓄制度存在的问题已经对我国的经济和金融产生了较大负面影响。为了促进邮政储蓄健康、有序发展 ,理顺和完善我国银行机构组织体系 ,便于银监会加强对邮政金融业务的监管 ,应该尽快对现行邮政储蓄体制进行改革。为此 ,作者提出了改革的原则和步骤。作者认为 ,目前邮政储蓄脱离邮政的条件尚不成熟 ,因此尽快“成立邮政储蓄银行 ,实行邮政金融商业化经营”是较好的现实选择。     

THE MARKET PRICING OF NET OPERATING LOSS CARRYFORWARDS: IMPLICATIONS OF THE TAX MOTIVATIONS OF MERGERS

An empirical analysis of the market pricing of net operating loss carryforwards (NOLs) and the ability for tax considerations to contribute to mergers and the substantial merger premiums often observed by target firms is presented. The restrictive anti-merger tax-transfer provisions of Section 382 of the Tax Reform Act of 1976 (TRA) serve as the legislative vehicle through which performance differentials of NOL and non-NOL firms are measured. The results of the study are consistent with the hypothesis that NOLs are at least partially priced in the absence of a merger, a fact that suggests that tax-motivated mergers may be more myth than reality. Since the anti-merger tax-transfer penalties contained within the Tax Reform Act of 1986 merely represent incremental increases over those of the TRA, the results of the study remain relevant in the current legislative environment.     

A THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF DESIGN ISSUES IN MEDICAL SAVINGS ACCOUNTS: THE POLICY IMPLICATIONS

Abstract: Numerous methods for helping consumers deal with medical care costs have been suggested. One way that has been discussed is the use of Medical Saving Accounts. A pilot program introducing Medical Spending Accounts was passed by Congress as part of the Health Insurance Reform Act of 1996. The authors review the major points of this program and attempt to examine what impact this program could have on medical care cost.     

储蓄分流、金融风险与储蓄-投资转化效率

本文针对当前存在的对储蓄分流的一些模糊认识,在区别储蓄和储蓄存款的基础上,重新界定了储蓄分流这一概念的内涵.在对我国近几年储蓄分流现状进行剖析的基础上,指出当前的储蓄分流没能较好地达到储蓄分流的预期目标.因此,当前的居民储蓄分流仅仅是一种有储蓄分流之名而无储蓄分流之实的储蓄分流.最后,本文提出了提高储蓄分流实际效果的政策建议,包括:储蓄分流应着眼于促进多层次金融市场的发展和融资形式及工具的多样化;应该从优化资源配置的高度审视股市的发展战略;适当提高消费占居民可支配收入的比重;重构微观经济基础和建立市场经济的支持性系统.     

THE DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS OF DEREGULATION ON SAVINGS AND LOAN ASSOCIATIONS AND BANKS

The passage of the Garn-St Germain Depository Institutions Act of 1982 was a legislative response to the plight of the thrift industry. The Act broadened the asset/liability powers of thrifts and granted regulators emergency authority to aid failing institutions. In this paper we analyze the effect of the Act on the market returns of large S&Ls and banks using a two-factor estimating procedure. Single-factor models of depository institutions' returns produce biased estimates and confound the Act's interpretation. Explicit treatment of the event/risk interaction is necessary to avoid ambiguities in the interpretation of the Act's effect on the returns of depository institutions. It is difficult to use capital market data to pinpoint the effect of information flows on complex regulatory changes.