管理层持股与企业R&D投资研究

R&D是企业核心竞争力的来源,对企业的长期发展至关重要,本文以中国上市公司为样本,对管理层持股与企业R&D投资之间的关系进行实证分析研究,以探求如何提高企业R&D投资,进而提升企业竞争力.研究结果发现:管理层持股比例与企业R&D投资强度正相关,即管理层持股对企业R&D投资具有积极的正向影响.本文研究发现对提高企业R&D投资水平具有较强的实践指导意义.     

政府R&D资助,企业R&D支出与自主创新——来自中国上市公司的经验证据北大核心CSSCISSCI

西方文献普遍认为R&D活动的"市场失灵"是政府R&D资助存在的根本原因。随着近3年来的发展,我国上市公司已较为普遍地接受了政府R&D资助,政府R&D资助有效性问题等关系到国家干预在经济中发挥作用的评估研究,亟待提供评价的经验证据。本文以中国证券市场2003至2005年间的上市公司为样本,对政府R&D资助与上市公司R&D支出之间的关系进行了实证检验。本文关注的核心问题是政府R&D资助是刺激还是挤出了企业R&D投资。实证发现,政府R&D资助刺激了企业R&D支出。     

企业R&D税收激励政策效应分析北大核心CSSCI

本文较为系统地阐明了国际上设计R&D税收激励政策考虑的基本要素,并对不同形式的R&D税收激励方案进行了比较研究,在此基础上,作者从不同角度梳理并分析了目前理论界对R&D税收激励政策效应的研究结果,并给出了相应结论。     

基于投资的企业并购探索

影响企业并购活动的因素多种多样,但无论是哪种动因都需要对被并购企业进行价值分析,从而确定是否进行并购投资.本文对基于投资的企业并购进行分析,主要目的在于梳理基于投资的企业并购意义和价值,探索基于投资的企业并购策略与路径,为企业的相关决策提供依据.     

会计稳健性对投资效率的作用机理研究——基于企业并购的研究视角

在剩余收益估值模型的基础上构造了 Basu (1997)的反函数,从而构建了可同时度量非条件稳健性和条件稳健性的实证模型,并基于企业并购的视角,探究了会计稳健性对企业投资效率的事前和事后影响。研究发现：非条件稳健性可以提升企业事前投资效率(降低并购溢价,提升累计超额收益率),阻止管理层的机会主义行为;条件稳健性会促进企业事后投资效率(并购前后绩效变化),保证项目的盈利性。进一步的研究表明：会计稳健性与企业投资效率的关系会随着上市公司代理成本的增加而越加明显。此外,国有企业和民营企业对于会计稳健性的公司治理效应存在差异。最后扩展了由 Lawrence,Sloan and Sun (2013)提出的稳健性操纵的定义。     

企业金融化、董事长金融背景与R&D投入——基于中国制造业上市公司的经验研究

基于我国制造业企业金融化程度不断加重,严重挤出了企业技术创新投入,制造业发展前景堪忧的事实,本文利用中国制造业上市企业2009~2017年的数据,实证检验制造业企业金融化与R&D投入的关系,并进一步引入董事长金融背景这一中间变量。结果表明:制造业企业金融化会抑制企业的R&D投入;当企业董事长具有从事金融相关行业的经历,即企业董事长具有金融相关背景时,会加重企业金融化程度对R&D投入产生的挤出效应;此外,中西部地区企业和国有企业相较于东部地区企业和非国有企业来说,企业金融化对R&D投入的抑制作用更强。本研究有助于从微观视角去理解制造业企业金融化、董事长金融背景及创新水平的关系,并为政府合理引导制造业企业高层管理者的金融化行为以及提升企业可持续发展能力提供相应的政策建议。     

基于财务协同效应视角下的企业并购

财务协同效应是指并购给企业财务方面带来的效益,这种效应的取得是企业并购的主要动因之一。本文在提出财务协同概念的基础上,分析了财务协同在企业并购中的几种表现,并对财务协同在企业并购中的应用作了一定探讨。     

基于财务视角的能源企业并购风险研究

国家能源局2019年公布的信息显示,中国已成为世界能源生产第一大国.随着综合国力的提升,我国能源体系持续优化并呈多元化发展的态势.但受资源禀赋等因素影响,能源行业供给结构及区域发展仍不平衡,部分能源企业高能耗、高污染、低效率的问题依然存在.并购重组有利于以"市场之手"推动资源的优化配置,淘汰落后产能,促进产业链整合,实...     

企业并购投资重组研究

随着市场经济的发展和国外企业以及国外资本的进驻,我国企业所面临的挑战与市场竞争逐年加大。在这一形势下,并购投资重组不失为我国企业的一种开拓创新、与时俱进的企业模式选择。基于此,本文围绕我国企业投资并购重组展开论述,希望能够对我国企业的未来发展略尽绵薄之力。     

Corporate Governance and Its Impact on R&D Investment in Emerging Markets

Corporate R&D activities are inherently risky but also difficult to monitor. Against this background, we examine the impact of ownership concentration and legal shareholder rights protection on corporate R&D investments in emerging markets. Based on a comprehensive sample of publicly listed firms from 24 countries, we find that R&D intensity is lower in firms with (strategic) block ownership, and this effect is more pronounced in countries with stronger shareholder rights protection. This suggests that, similar to the situation in developed economies, dispersed ownership, which allows shareholders to diversify their investment risks, is beneficial for corporate R&D and that this effect is intensified by more developed institutions.     

Financial market development and the effectiveness of R&D investment: Evidence from developed and emerging countries

Does financial market development enhance the effectiveness of R&D investment in an economy? To address this question, we apply three distinct approaches including (i) ordinary least square method, (ii) cross-country instrumental variable regression approach, and (iii) panel regression method. By using a dataset of both developed and emerging countries, we find that financial market development significantly contributes to the effectiveness of total R&D investment. This finding remains robust across different model specifications and individual estimation methods. Our finding provides an important guidance to policy makers in implementing a sound financial environment that can facilitate the total contribution of R&D investment.     

Limits of tax regulation: Evidence from strategic R&D classification and the R&D tax credit

We investigate a tax avoidance strategy where firms use the ambiguity inherent in tax reporting to classify indirect costs as research and development (R&D) expenditures to take advantage of the R&D tax credit. We label this tax practice “strategic R&D classification”. We find a one standard deviation increase in strategic R&D classification leads, on average, to a 1.7% (1.5%) reduction in GAAP (cash) effective tax rates, suggesting this practice provides significant tax savings. However, we also find strategic R&D classification is related to both the level and changes in uncertain tax benefit liabilities required to be recognized under FIN 48, suggesting this practice comes with financial reporting costs. Our study contributes to the literature by documenting some of the costs and benefits associated with a previously unexplored tax strategy, and highlights the limitations faced by tax authorities in monitoring firms’ R&D tax credit.     

信贷扩张、房地产投资与制造业部门的资源配置效率

本文考察了信贷扩张和房地产业快速发展背景下,房地产投资对制造业部门资源配置效率的影响。综合使用中国工业企业数据、城市统计年鉴数据和城镇住户调查数据,本文发现城市房地产投资的增加导致制造业部门资源配置效率显著下降。国有企业以较低成本获取信贷资金,并大量用于房地产投资,是导致信贷扩张背景下制造业资源配置效率损失的重要原因。进一步的研究显示,房地产投资对制造业投资的挤出是房地产投资影响制造业资源配置效率的渠道之一。     

The Effect of Managerial Incentives to Bear Risk on Corporate Capital Structure and R&D Investment

In this study we use estimates of the sensitivities of managers' portfolios to stock return volatility and stock price to directly test the relationship between managerial incentives to bear risk and two important corporate decisions. We find that as the sensitivity of managers' stock option portfolios to stock return volatility increases firms tend to choose higher debt ratios and make higher levels of R&D investment. These results are even stronger in a subsample of firms with relatively low outside monitoring. For these firms, managerial incentives to bear risk play a particularly pivotal role in determining leverage and R&D investment.     

The Effects of Private Investments in Public Equity on R&D Investment in Small and Medium-Size Enterprises

This paper provides evidence that small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs) use a portion of private investments in public equity (PIPEs) for current research and development (R&D) investment, hold the rest in liquidity reserves such as cash assets and working capital, and ultimately use these reserves to smooth R&D investment. That is, PIPEs may have a direct effect on R&D investment and an indirect or smoothing effect using liquidity reserves. This paper also shows that innovative SMEs such as venture businesses, inno-biz firms, and management innovative firms are more likely to use PIPEs for R&D investment than are noninnovative SMEs. The implications of this paper are that PIPEs can be used as an important source of external financing to fund R&D investment and can be particularly valuable for R&D investment in innovative SMEs.     

Penetrating the Book-to-Market Black Box: The R&D Effect

The book-to-market (BM) phenomenon – the positive association between BM and subsequent returns – looms large among capital market enigmas. Economic theory postulates that the difference between market and book values of companies reflects their future abnormal profits. We capture these abnormal profits for a large sample of science-based companies by estimating the value of the off-balance sheet investment generating those profits – the value of R&D capital – and show empirically: (i) Firms' R&D capital is associated with their subsequent stock returns. (ii) For R&D intensive firms, this 'R&D effect' subsumes the 'book-to-market effect.' (iii) The association between R&D and subsequent returns appears to result from an extra-market risk factor inherent in R&D, rather than from stock mispricing. We thus provide an explanation for the book-to-market phenomenon of R&D companies.     

税收优惠方式对研发投入激励效应研究

以我国2014 ～2020年A股上市公司为样本,利用手工搜集整理的独特数据,获取了上市公司实际享受的税率优惠、加计扣除、加速折旧摊销的金额,并以此为基础检验不同税收优惠方式对企业研发投入的激励效应.实证结果表明,税率优惠、加计扣除、加速折旧摊销这三种税收优惠方式都能激励企业加大研发投入,三种税收优惠方式对研发投入的激励...     

Stock Market Valuation, Profitability and R&D Spending of the Firm: The Effect of Technology Mergers and Acquisitions

Abstract:  In this paper, we investigate whether a firm can enhance the effect of its R&D spending on its current market value and future profitability through technology-oriented M&As. On the basis of an analysis of 1,879 M&As, we find that when a technology firm acquires another technology firm, the magnitude of the stock price response to the R&D spending of an acquirer increases by 107% in the year of the M&A. In contrast, we find no such increase in the stock price response to the R&D spending of a non-technology acquirer. We also find that technology acquirers are more successful in converting their R&D spending into positive future profitability than non-technology acquirers. Our results are robust for different alternative specifications of our model and when various firm differences are controlled for.     

银行价格竞争、融资约束与企业研发投资——基于“中介效应”模型的实证研究

近年来我国利率市场化改革积极推进,实体经济发展积极向创新驱动转型,一个亟须研究厘清的关键问题是,银行业竞争如何驱动企业创新活动?本文关注银行价格竞争对企业创新的影响,以2013—2018年沪深两市的上市企业为样本,采用"中介效应"因果分析模型,实证检验了银行价格竞争对企业研发投资的影响,并识别出以融资约束为中介渠道的作用机制。研究发现,银行价格竞争不仅会提高银行的风险容忍度,直接增加R&D投资的信贷供给意愿,而且还会通过降低贷款价格和增加贷款可得性来缓解企业整体的融资约束,间接促进企业创新活动。这一机制在解除贷款利率管制之后以及在民营企业层面体现得更加明显。本文的研究结果对于深化金融市场化改革、改善金融服务实体经济效果以及实施经济创新驱动发展战略,具有明确的政策启示。